理論+實操：docker入門初體驗，申請阿里鏡像加速器

前言：

Docker 核心概念

Docker 鏡像操作

Docker 容器操作

Docker 資源控制

Docker 數據卷管理

一：Docker概述

官方網站：www.docker.com

官方文檔：docs.docker.com

docker是一種輕量級的”虛擬機“

在linux容器裏運行的開源工具

容器內的應用程序之間相互隔離、互不影響

便於應用拆分、解耦

例：LNMP——部署到同一臺主機中

​ linux ——容器1

​ nginx——容器2

​ mysql——容器3

​ php-fpm——容器4

應用之間不受影響，可以方便遷移

1.1 docker概念：

daocker是一個開源的應用容器引擎（相當於vm 15就是虛擬機的引擎），讓開發者可以打包他們的應用以及依賴包到一個可移植的鏡像中；然後發佈到任何流行的linux或windows機器上，也可以實現虛擬化

容器是完全使用沙箱機制，相互之間不會有任何接口

docker不需要虛擬出來硬件，比如虛擬cpu、虛擬磁盤；docker是進程之間的隔離

1.2 docker設計的目標：

提供簡單的應用程序打包工具

開發人員和運維人員職責邏輯分離

多環境保持一致性

1.3 docker的組成：

• docker Client ——客戶端
• docker Daemon——守護進程
• docker Images——鏡像
• docker container ——容器
• docker registry ——鏡像倉庫

輸入的指令交由客戶端，客戶端轉發給守護進程處理

守護進程識別處理命令，比如說製造鏡像images；也可以從倉庫(regisstry，分爲公有和私有)中拉取，從這中間需要一個加速器,後面去配置一個阿里雲加速器

利用鏡像images，直接製造容器containors

容器會開放端口，用以客戶訪問

彼此進程之間是相互隔離的，採用的就是解耦的思想

docker可以在秒級別的層面去擴展收縮節點

容器內的應用可以直接打包成鏡像上傳到倉庫內

1.4 docker的使用場景

打包應用程序簡化部署——做鏡像文件

可脫離底層硬件任意遷移

例：服務器從騰訊雲遷移到阿里雲

應用程序打包和發佈

應用程序隔離

持續集成

部署微服務

快速搭建測試環境

提供paas（平臺即服務）

1.5 docker版本：

社區版（community edition，CE）

企業版（Enterprise edition，EE） 增值服務

二： docker與虛擬機的區別

openstack的雲主機搭建是基於IAAS基礎設施即服務的層面搭建

docker（k8s）的容器containors是基於PAAS平臺即服務的層面搭建

區別於VMware Workstation Pro、kvm、exsi、hyper-v 微軟、Virtual box的硬件虛擬化，docker是基於進程的隔離

app 應用

bins/libs 進程

guest OS 安裝虛擬機系統（guest OS）

docker engine/安裝虛擬化引擎 hypervisor/監控平臺

openrating system 宿主系統

infrastructure 硬件層面

備註：

• docker 沒有虛擬系統層面

• hypervisor會侵佔5%的cpu資源

• docker engine 幾乎忽略，只損耗關於網絡通信的資源

• docker的安全性低，因爲是在宿主系統直接安裝

• 虛擬機因爲有一個虛擬機系統，所以安全性要高

備註：

• 磁盤佔用，docker佔用空間少，因爲他是個進程級別

• docker主要支持linux

docker支持平臺

• linux（centos、debian、fedora、oracle linux、rhel、suse、ubuntu）
• mac
• windows

二：docker的核心概念及安裝方式

鏡像

容器

倉庫

2.1 centos安裝docker的兩種方式

• 使用curl 獲得docker的安裝腳本進行安裝
• 使用yum倉庫來安裝docker

2.2 實操演示

2.2.1 關閉防火牆，核心防護

[root@nginx ~]# systtemctl stop firewalld
-bash: systtemctl: command not found
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
[root@nginx ~]# setenforce 0
setenforce: SELinux is disabled
[root@nginx ~]# sed -i 's/^SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config

2.2.2 部署19版docker

• 安裝依賴包

[root@nginx ~]# yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

• 設置阿里雲鏡像源

[root@nginx ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@nginx yum.repos.d]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
adding repo from: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
grabbing file https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
[root@nginx yum.repos.d]# ls
docker-ce.repo	//新增

• 安裝docker-ce

[root@nginx yum.repos.d]# yum install -y docker-ce

• 開啓docker服務，並開啓自啓

[root@nginx yum.repos.d]# systemctl start docker
[root@nginx yum.repos.d]# systemctl enable docker

2.2.3 使用阿里雲設置鏡像加速器

打開https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/60750.html

登錄，點擊容器鏡像服務控制檯

前往開通

設置密碼

tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://fk2yrsh1.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF

• 配置緩存加速

[root@nginx yum.repos.d]# cd /etc/docker/
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@nginx docker]# ls
key.json
[root@nginx docker]# tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
> {
>   "registry-mirrors": ["https://fk2yrsh1.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
> }
> EOF
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://fk2yrsh1.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
[root@nginx docker]# ls
daemon.json  key.json
[root@nginx docker]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@nginx docker]# systemctl restart docker

2.2.4 網絡優化

[root@nginx docker]# echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf 
[root@nginx docker]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
[root@nginx docker]# systemctl restart network
[root@nginx docker]# systemctl restart docker

2.2.5 命令演示

docker version——查看當前docker版本信息

[root@nginx docker]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           19.03.8
 API version:       1.40
 Go version:        go1.12.17
 Git commit:        afacb8b
 Built:             Wed Mar 11 01:27:04 2020
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          19.03.8
  API version:      1.40 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.12.17
  Git commit:       afacb8b
  Built:            Wed Mar 11 01:25:42 2020
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.2.13
  GitCommit:        7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.0-rc10
  GitCommit:        dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.18.0
  GitCommit:        fec3683

docker images——查看當前docker下的下載鏡像信息

[root@nginx docker]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

docker ps -a——查看當前docker下的容器狀態

-a 列出最近一次啓動的容器

[root@nginx docker]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES

docker search nginx——查看倉庫內nginx服務的可安裝images

此時下載鏡像默認是從公有倉庫，從公有倉庫下載需要使用鏡像加速

STARS越高，代表該鏡像被使用率越高

jwilder/nginx-proxy 含義是作者/軟件名

[root@nginx docker]# which docker
/usr/bin/docker
[root@nginx docker]# docker search nginx
NAME                               DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
nginx                              Official build of Nginx.                        12946               [OK]                
jwilder/nginx-proxy                Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con…   1767                                    [OK]
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm            Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable of…   764                                     [OK]
linuxserver/nginx                  An Nginx container, brought to you by LinuxS…   102                                     
bitnami/nginx                      Bitnami nginx Docker Image                      81                                      [OK]
tiangolo/nginx-rtmp                Docker image with Nginx using the nginx-rtmp…   67                                      [OK]
jc21/nginx-proxy-manager           Docker container for managing Nginx proxy ho…   50                                      
nginxdemos/hello                   NGINX webserver that serves a simple page co…   47                                      [OK]
jlesage/nginx-proxy-manager        Docker container for Nginx Proxy Manager        37                                      [OK]
nginx/unit                         NGINX Unit is a dynamic web and application …   36                                      
nginx/nginx-ingress                NGINX Ingress Controller for Kubernetes         28                                      
privatebin/nginx-fpm-alpine        PrivateBin running on an Nginx, php-fpm & Al…   23                                      [OK]
schmunk42/nginx-redirect           A very simple container to redirect HTTP tra…   18                                      [OK]
centos/nginx-18-centos7            Platform for running nginx 1.8 or building n…   13                                      
nginxinc/nginx-unprivileged        Unprivileged NGINX Dockerfiles                  13                                      
centos/nginx-112-centos7           Platform for running nginx 1.12 or building …   13                                      
blacklabelops/nginx                Dockerized Nginx Reverse Proxy Server.          13                                      [OK]
raulr/nginx-wordpress              Nginx front-end for the official wordpress:f…   12                                      [OK]
nginx/nginx-prometheus-exporter    NGINX Prometheus Exporter                       10                                      
sophos/nginx-vts-exporter          Simple server that scrapes Nginx vts stats a…   7                                       [OK]
mailu/nginx                        Mailu nginx frontend                            6                                       [OK]
bitnami/nginx-ingress-controller   Bitnami Docker Image for NGINX Ingress Contr…   4                                       [OK]
ansibleplaybookbundle/nginx-apb    An APB to deploy NGINX                          1                                       [OK]
wodby/nginx                        Generic nginx                                   0                                       [OK]
centos/nginx-110-centos7           Platform for running nginx 1.10 or building …   0                                       

docker pull nginx——下載想要使用的鏡像，拉取鏡像

AUFS (聯合文件系統)若干層下載

c499e6d256d6: Pull complete
74cda408e262: Pull complete
ffadbd415ab7: Pull complete

下載信息存放在/var/lib/docker/image/overlay2/下

[root@nginx docker]# docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
c499e6d256d6: Pull complete 
74cda408e262: Pull complete 
ffadbd415ab7: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:282530fcb7cd19f3848c7b611043f82ae4be3781cb00105a1d593d7e6286b596
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest
[root@nginx docker]# cd /var/lib/docker/image/overlay2/
[root@nginx overlay2]# ls
distribution  imagedb  layerdb  repositories.json
[root@nginx overlay2]# cat repositories.json 
{"Repositories":{"nginx":{"nginx:latest":"sha256:ed21b7a8aee9cc677df6d7f38a641fa0e3c05f65592c592c9f28c42b3dd89291","nginx@sha256:282530fcb7cd19f3848c7b611043f82ae4be3781cb00105a1d593d7e6286b596":"sha256:ed21b7a8aee9cc677df6d7f38a641fa0e3c05f65592c592c9f28c42b3dd89291"}}}

此時再次查看images

[root@nginx overlay2]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx               latest              ed21b7a8aee9        8 days ago          127MB

latest代表標籤

docker inspect IMAGE-id——查看目標鏡像的詳細信息

其中包含大小，端口號

[root@nginx overlay2]# docker inspect ed21b7a8aee9
[
    {
        "Id": "sha256:ed21b7a8aee9cc677df6d7f38a641fa0e3c05f65592c592c9f28c42b3dd89291",
        "RepoTags": [
            "nginx:latest"

docker tag nginx:latest nginx：web——添加新標籤

[root@nginx overlay2]# docker tag nginx:latest nginx:web
[root@nginx overlay2]# docker images	//可以使用grep 
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx               latest              ed21b7a8aee9        8 days ago          127MB
nginx               web                 ed21b7a8aee9        8 days ago          127MB

相當於重新複製一個別名，ID號一樣的

docker rmi nginx:web——刪除鏡像別名

[root@nginx overlay2]# docker rmi nginx:latest
Untagged: nginx:latest
[root@nginx overlay2]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx               web                 ed21b7a8aee9        8 days ago          127MB

docker save -o nginx nginx:web——導出鏡像命名爲nginx，存放在當前目錄下

[root@nginx opt]# docker save -o nginx nginx:web
[root@nginx opt]# ls -lh nginx
-rw------- 1 root root 125M Apr  8 20:39 nginx

docker rmi 鏡像ID(或者倉庫:標籤)——刪除鏡像

docker rmi ed21b7a8aee9

[root@nginx opt]# docker rmi nginx:web
Untagged: nginx:web
Untagged: nginx@sha256:282530fcb7cd19f3848c7b611043f82ae4be3781cb00105a1d593d7e6286b596
Deleted: sha256:ed21b7a8aee9cc677df6d7f38a641fa0e3c05f65592c592c9f28c42b3dd89291
Deleted: sha256:8a305f371a6c3c445a1dfc500c1364743868a269ab8cdaf95902692e82168352
Deleted: sha256:d079ef06ec1f10a8050887365f9a940b39547ba6bcc46b16a463e740984f3223
Deleted: sha256:c3a984abe8a88059915bb6c7a1d249fd1ccc16d931334ac8816540b0eb686b45
[root@nginx opt]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

docker load < nginx——導入當前目錄下的鏡像

[root@nginx opt]# docker load < nginx
[root@nginx opt]# docker load < nginx
c3a984abe8a8: Loading layer [==================================================>]  72.48MB/72.48MB
99134ec7f247: Loading layer [==================================================>]  58.11MB/58.11MB
d37eecb5b769: Loading layer [==================================================>]  3.584kB/3.584kB
Loaded image: nginx:web
[root@nginx opt]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx               web                 ed21b7a8aee9        8 days ago          127MB

上傳鏡像到倉庫中

登錄本地倉庫

docker tag nginx:web registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/nginx_gsy/docker_gsy:web

docker tag 倉庫名:標籤 私有倉庫地址/命名空間/倉庫名:鏡像版本號

[root@nginx opt]# docker login --username=壓馬路一起 registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com
//登錄
Password: 輸入密碼
WARNING! Your password will be stored unencrypted in /root/.docker/config.json.
Configure a credential helper to remove this warning. See
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/login/#credentials-store

Login Succeeded
[root@nginx opt]# docker tag nginx:web registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/nginx_gsy/docker_gsy:web
//上傳鏡像
[root@nginx opt]# docker push registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/nginx_gsy/docker_gsy:web
The push refers to repository [registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/nginx_gsy/docker_gsy]
d37eecb5b769: Pushed 
99134ec7f247: Pushed 
c3a984abe8a8: Pushed 
web: digest: sha256:7ac7819e1523911399b798309025935a9968b277d86d50e5255465d6592c0266 size: 948

[root@nginx opt]# docker images
REPOSITORY                                               TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx                                                    web                 ed21b7a8aee9        8 days ago          127MB
registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/nginx_gsy/docker_gsy   web                 ed21b7a8aee9        8 days ago          127MB

查看當前容器

[root@nginx opt]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES

2.2.6 容器的操作

容器創建 docker create -it nginx：web /bin/bash

此時容器爲created狀態

-i 讓容器的標準型輸入保持打開

-t 讓容器開啓一個僞終端

[root@nginx opt]# docker create -it nginx:web /bin/bash
0baf68712aedaf52156085b6fc0567c840533a6b0061dcc658b7f5df11c17d7d
[root@nginx opt]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
0baf68712aed        nginx:web           "/bin/bash"         15 seconds ago      Created 

啓動容器 docker start container-id

此時容器爲up狀態，端口開啓

[root@nginx opt]# docker start 0baf68712aed 
0baf68712aed
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@nginx opt]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED              STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
0baf68712aed        nginx:web           "/bin/bash"         About a minute ago   Up 3 seconds        80/tcp  

進入容器內部 docker exec -it 0baf68712aed /bin/bash

[root@nginx opt]# docker exec -it 0baf68712aed /bin/bash
root@0baf68712aed:/# ls
bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var

一次性運行容器centos7，執行查看命令 docker run cetnos:7 /usr/bin/bash -c ls /

-c commad的意思

先去找鏡像，如果沒有，就去倉庫下載，之後執行一次-c的命令

[root@nginx ~]# docker run centos:7 /usr/bin/bash -c ls /
Unable to find image 'centos:7' locally
7: Pulling from library/centos
ab5ef0e58194: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:4a701376d03f6b39b8c2a8f4a8e499441b0d567f9ab9d58e4991de4472fb813c
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:7
anaconda-post.log
bin
dev
etc
home
lib
lib64
media
mnt
opt
proc
root
run
sbin
srv
sys
tmp
usr
var

此時也多了一個鏡像

[root@nginx ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx               latest              ed21b7a8aee9        8 days ago          127MB
centos              7                   5e35e350aded        4 months ago        203MB

查看容器，發現centos：7的狀態是exited（0）指退出狀態，（0）爲正常退出

-c的ls命令執行完了，成功執行就正常退出

[root@nginx ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
a75d7c0e9f65        centos:7            "/usr/bin/bash -c ls…"   2 minutes ago       Exited (0) 2 minutes ago                        hungry_moser

終止容器up狀態 docker stop 容器-id

[root@nginx ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx               latest              ed21b7a8aee9        8 days ago          127MB
centos              7                   5e35e350aded        4 months ago        203MB
[root@nginx ~]# docker create -it nginx:latest /bin/bash
d080f27d8e0fb1269480a3bf7977e2104e4f580f5bfd68488a348e667b31d70e
[root@nginx ~]# docker start d080f27d8e0f
[root@nginx ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS                     PORTS               NAMES
d080f27d8e0f        nginx:latest        "/bin/bash"              About a minute ago   Up 3 seconds               80/tcp              jovial_cerf
a75d7c0e9f65        centos:7            "/usr/bin/bash -c ls…"   7 minutes ago        Exited (0) 6 minutes ago                       hungry_moser
[root@nginx ~]# docker stop d080f27d8e0f
d080f27d8e0f
[root@nginx ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS                     PORTS               NAMES
d080f27d8e0f        nginx:latest        "/bin/bash"              About a minute ago   Exited (0) 1 second ago                        jovial_cerf
a75d7c0e9f65        centos:7            "/usr/bin/bash -c ls…"   7 minutes ago        Exited (0) 7 minutes ago 

使一次性執行容器 docker run ，持續性在後臺運行

寫個死循環語句，讓其保持UP狀態

-d 給一個守護進程

[root@nginx ~]# docker run -d centos:7 /bin/bash -c "while true;do echo hello;done"
f9197f3ebbf773559e7dc653796f83847ca43ceb99aa130d5aa8068065cbf082
[root@nginx ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS               NAMES
f9197f3ebbf7        centos:7            "/bin/bash -c 'while…"   11 seconds ago      Up 10 seconds 

關閉死循環容器

這種會異常退出

[root@nginx ~]# docker stop f9197f3ebbf7
f9197f3ebbf7
[root@nginx ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS                       PORTS               NAMES
f9197f3ebbf7        centos:7            "/bin/bash -c 'while…"   About a minute ago   Exited (137) 2 seconds ago 

進入容器docker exec -it 容器-id /bin/bash

首先目標容器是一個up狀態

然後進入docker exec it

[root@nginx ~]# docker start d080f27d8e0f 
d080f27d8e0f
[root@nginx ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                       PORTS               NAMES
f9197f3ebbf7        centos:7            "/bin/bash -c 'while…"   3 minutes ago       Exited (137) 2 minutes ago                       hopeful_blackburn
d080f27d8e0f        nginx:latest        "/bin/bash"              7 minutes ago       Up 1 second                  80/tcp  
[root@nginx ~]# docker exec -it d080f27d8e0f  /bin/bash
root@d080f27d8e0f:/# ls
bin  boot  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
root@d080f27d8e0f:/# exit
exit
[root@nginx ~]# 

容器導出 docker export 容器-id > nginx_c

[root@nginx ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                       PORTS               NAMES
f9197f3ebbf7        centos:7            "/bin/bash -c 'while…"   7 minutes ago       Exited (137) 6 minutes ago                       hopeful_blackburn
d080f27d8e0f        nginx:latest        "/bin/bash"              11 minutes ago      Up 4 minutes                 80/tcp              jovial_cerf
a75d7c0e9f65        centos:7            "/usr/bin/bash -c ls…"   17 minutes ago      Exited (0) 17 minutes ago  
[root@nginx ~]# docker export a75d7c0e9f65 > nginx_c	導出，此時這個節點使exited狀態
[root@nginx ~]# ls -lh nginx_c
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 202M Apr  8 22:22 nginx_c

容器導入 cat nginx_c | docker import - nginx:c

（會生成鏡像，而不會創建容器）

[root@nginx ~]# cat nginx_c | docker import - nginx:c
sha256:525c40797065e97c8c9238a486de8109292a8016cc081283ed32c8d32d6a8c27
[root@nginx ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
nginx               c                   525c40797065        33 seconds ago      203MB
nginx               latest              ed21b7a8aee9        8 days ago          127MB
centos              7                   5e35e350aded        4 months ago        203MB
[root@nginx ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                        PORTS               NAMES
f9197f3ebbf7        centos:7            "/bin/bash -c 'while…"   12 minutes ago      Exited (137) 11 minutes ago                       hopeful_blackburn
d080f27d8e0f        nginx:latest        "/bin/bash"              16 minutes ago      Up 9 minutes                  80/tcp              jovial_cerf
a75d7c0e9f65        centos:7            "/usr/bin/bash -c ls…"   22 minutes ago      Exited (0) 22 minutes ago   

刪除容器 docker rm 容器-id

批量刪除容器

容器必須先停止，再刪除

[root@nginx ~]# docker ps -a | awk '{print "docker rm "$1}' | bash
Error: No such container: CONTAINER
f9197f3ebbf7
Error response from daemon: You cannot remove a running container d080f27d8e0fb1269480a3bf7977e2104e4f580f5bfd68488a348e667b31d70e. Stop the container before attempting removal or force remove
a75d7c0e9f65
[root@nginx ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
d080f27d8e0f        nginx:latest        "/bin/bash"         21 minutes ago      Up 13 minutes       80/tcp              jovial_cerf
[root@nginx ~]#