寫SpringBoot項目的時候，報錯Ordinal parameter not bound

一、背景

使用JPA更新數據的時候，做Junit始終報錯Ordinal parameter not bound，異常信息是

org.springframework.dao.InvalidDataAccessResourceUsageException: Ordinal parameter not bound : 10; nested exception is org.hibernate.QueryException: Ordinal parameter not bound : 10

	at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.convertHibernateAccessException(HibernateJpaDialect.java:305)
	at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.translateExceptionIfPossible(HibernateJpaDialect.java:250)
	at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.translateExceptionIfPossible(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:527)
	at org.springframework.dao.support.ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible(ChainedPersistenceExceptionTranslator.java:61)
	at org.springframework.dao.support.DataAccessUtils.translateIfNecessary(DataAccessUtils.java:242)
	at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:153)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor$CrudMethodMetadataPopulatingMethodInterceptor.invoke(CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor.java:144)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor$ExposeRepositoryInvocationInterceptor.invoke(CrudMethodMetadataPostProcessor.java:364)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
	at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:93)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
	at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.SurroundingTransactionDetectorMethodInterceptor.invoke(SurroundingTransactionDetectorMethodInterceptor.java:61)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:212)
	at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy114.saveOptionsFeeTermsDetail(Unknown Source)
	at com.xxx.xx.xxx.xxx.xxx.repository.xxxRepositoryTest.testSavexxxx(xxxRepositoryTest.java:52)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestExecutionCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestExecutionCallbacks.java:74)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestExecutionCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestExecutionCallbacks.java:84)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestMethodCallbacks.java:75)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestMethodCallbacks.java:86)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.SpringRepeat.evaluate(SpringRepeat.java:84)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:251)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:97)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:190)
	at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
	at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
	at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
Caused by: org.hibernate.QueryException: Ordinal parameter not bound : 10
	at org.hibernate.query.internal.QueryParameterBindingsImpl.verifyParametersBound(QueryParameterBindingsImpl.java:213)
	at org.hibernate.query.internal.AbstractProducedQuery.beforeQuery(AbstractProducedQuery.java:1403)
	at org.hibernate.query.internal.NativeQueryImpl.beforeQuery(NativeQueryImpl.java:246)
	at org.hibernate.query.internal.AbstractProducedQuery.executeUpdate(AbstractProducedQuery.java:1582)
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryExecution$ModifyingExecution.doExecute(JpaQueryExecution.java:263)
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.JpaQueryExecution.execute(JpaQueryExecution.java:91)
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.AbstractJpaQuery.doExecute(AbstractJpaQuery.java:136)
	at org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.query.AbstractJpaQuery.execute(AbstractJpaQuery.java:125)
	at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.doInvoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:605)
	at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.lambda$invoke$3(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:595)
	at org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:595)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
	at org.springframework.data.projection.DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMethodInvokingMethodInterceptor.java:59)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
	at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:294)
	at org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:98)
	at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:186)
	at org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:139)
	... 45 more

二、解決

首先看下我的代碼
xxxRepository

@Modifying
@Transactional
@Query(value = "UPDATE "+
        "xxx.dbo.xxxx"+
   "SET "+
        "xxx1= :#{#aaa.a}, "+
        "xxx2= :#{#aaa.b}, "+
        "xxx3= :#{#aaa.n}, "+
        "xxx4= :#{#aaa.f}, "+
        "xxx5= :#{#aaa.g}, "+
        "xxx6= :#{#aaa.h}, "+
        "xxx7= :#{#aaa.j}, "+
        "xxx8= getdate(), "+
        "xxx9=?2 "+
   "WHERE "+
        "xxxId=(SELECT xxxId FROM xxx.dbo.bbbb WHERE TermSheetId = ?3 )", nativeQuery = true)
void saveXXXX(@Param("aaa") XXXX aaa, String userId, int termSheetId);

最開始懷疑是
①參數順序的錯，可是不管?2和?3怎麼換（換成?1和?2）還是報錯。
②加上@Param參數綁定也依然出錯。
③以爲是空格引起的錯誤，可是各種參數?2和?3附近都試過加空格去空格也都沒用

接下來，敲黑板，重點來了。
我們需要把需要?1 ?2綁定的放在前面，之後序號從?1開始計算，把使用@Param的放到最後，總之就是在SQL使用?1這種序號綁定的要放在參數前面。

比如把
	void saveXXXX(@Param("aaa") XXXX aaa, String userId, int termSheetId);
換成
	void saveXXXX(String userId, int termSheetId, @Param("aaa") XXXX aaa);
之後序號從?1,?2開始綁定

修改後的代碼

@Modifying
    @Transactional
    @Query(value = "UPDATE "+
            "xxx.dbo.xxxx"+
       "SET "+
            "xxx1= :#{#aaa.a}, "+
            "xxx2= :#{#aaa.b}, "+
            "xxx3= :#{#aaa.n}, "+
            "xxx4= :#{#aaa.f}, "+
            "xxx5= :#{#aaa.g}, "+
            "xxx6= :#{#aaa.h}, "+
            "xxx7= :#{#aaa.j}, "+
            "xxx8= getdate(), "+
            "xxx9=?1 "+
       "WHERE "+
            "xxxId=(SELECT xxxId FROM xxx.dbo.bbbb WHERE TermSheetId = ?2 )", nativeQuery = true)
    void saveXXXX(String userId, int termSheetId, @Param("aaa") XXXX aaa );

如此，問題解決。