linux下ab(Apache Benchmark)壓力測試工具

1.ab的簡介

   ab是apachebench命令的縮寫。

   ab是apache自帶的壓力測試工具。ab非常實用，它不僅可以對apache服務器進行網站訪問壓力測試，也可以對或其它類型的服務器進行壓力測試。比如nginx、tomcat、IIS等

2.ab的原理

   ab的原理：ab命令會創建多個併發訪問線程，模擬多個訪問者同時對某一URL地址進行訪問。它的測試目標是基於URL的，因此，它既可以用來測試apache的負載壓力，也可以測試nginx、lighthttp、tomcat、IIS等其它Web服務器的壓力。

   ab命令對發出負載的計算機要求很低，它既不會佔用很高CPU，也不會佔用很多內存。但卻會給目標服務器造成巨大的負載，其原理類似CC攻擊。自己測試使用也需要注意，否則一次上太多的負載。可能造成目標服務器資源耗完，嚴重時甚至導致死機。

3.ab的安裝

   yum -y install httpd-tools

   出現如下圖所示，表示安裝成功

[root@iZbp13pwlxqwiu1xxb6szsZ ~]# ab -V
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1430300 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

[root@iZbp13pwlxqwiu1xxb6szsZ ~]# 

4.ab的參數說明

[root@iZbp13pwlxqwiu1xxb6szsZ ~]# ab --help
ab: wrong number of arguments
Usage: ab [options] [http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path
Options are:
    -n requests     Number of requests to perform
    -c concurrency  Number of multiple requests to make at a time
    -t timelimit    Seconds to max. to spend on benchmarking
                    This implies -n 50000
    -s timeout      Seconds to max. wait for each response
                    Default is 30 seconds
    -b windowsize   Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes
    -B address      Address to bind to when making outgoing connections
    -p postfile     File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T
    -u putfile      File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T
    -T content-type Content-type header to use for POST/PUT data, eg.
                    'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
                    Default is 'text/plain'
    -v verbosity    How much troubleshooting info to print
    -w              Print out results in HTML tables
    -i              Use HEAD instead of GET
    -x attributes   String to insert as table attributes
    -y attributes   String to insert as tr attributes
    -z attributes   String to insert as td or th attributes
    -C attribute    Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234'. (repeatable)
    -H attribute    Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'
                    Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)
    -A attribute    Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes
                    are a colon separated username and password.
    -P attribute    Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes
                    are a colon separated username and password.
    -X proxy:port   Proxyserver and port number to use
    -V              Print version number and exit
    -k              Use HTTP KeepAlive feature
    -d              Do not show percentiles served table.
    -S              Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.
    -q              Do not show progress when doing more than 150 requests
    -g filename     Output collected data to gnuplot format file.
    -e filename     Output CSV file with percentages served
    -r              Don't exit on socket receive errors.
    -h              Display usage information (this message)
    -Z ciphersuite  Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)
    -f protocol     Specify SSL/TLS protocol
                    (SSL3, TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2 or ALL)