調整現有磁盤分區

3 案例3:調整現有磁盤的分區

3.1 問題

本例要求沿用前一天案例,對磁盤/dev/vdb的分區表進行調整,要求如下:不更改原有分區,利用剩餘空間新增三個分區,大小依次爲:500MIB、2000MIB、512MIB
然後再基於剛建立的2000MIB分區構建新的LVM存儲:

  1. 新的邏輯卷命名爲database,大小爲50個物理擴展單元(Physical Extent),屬於datastore卷組
  2. 在datastore卷組中的所有邏輯卷,其物理擴展單元(Physical Extent)的大小爲16MIB
  3. 使用ext3文件系統對邏輯卷database格式化,此邏輯卷應該在開機時自動掛載到/mnt/database目錄
3.2 方案

創建卷組時,可以通過-s選項指定PE的大小
在給新建的邏輯卷分配空間時,空間大小隻能是PE大小的倍數

3.3 步驟

實現此案例需要按照如下步驟進行。

步驟一:調整現有磁盤分區

1)新建擴展分區(使用剩餘可用空間)

[root@server0 ~]# fdisk  /dev/vdb
Command (m for help): p                                  //確認原有分區表
.. ..
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vdb1            2048      411647      204800   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/vdb2          411648     4507647     2048000   83  Linux
/dev/vdb3         4507648     6555647     1024000   83  Linux
Command (m for help): n                                 //新建分區
Partition type:
   p   primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)
   e   extended
Select (default e): e                                 //類型指定爲e(擴展分區)
Selected partition 4                                     //只一個可用編號,自動選取
First sector (6555648-20971519, default 6555648):          //起始位置默認
Using default value 6555648
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (6555648-20971519, default 20971519): 
Using default value 20971519                             //結束位置默認
Partition 4 of type Extended and of size 6.9 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p     
.. ..
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vdb1            2048      411647      204800   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/vdb2          411648     4507647     2048000   83  Linux
/dev/vdb3         4507648     6555647     1024000   83  Linux
/dev/vdb4         6555648    20971519     7207936    5  Extended

2)在擴展分區中新建3個邏輯分區
創建第1個邏輯卷(由於主分區編號已用完,分區類型自動選I邏輯分區):

Command (m for help): n 
All primary partitions are in use
Adding logical partition 5                              //分區編號5
First sector (6557696-20971519, default 6557696):          //起始位置默認
Using default value 6557696
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (6557696-20971519, default 20971519): +500M
                                                      //結束位置默認
Partition 5 of type Linux and of size 500 MiB is set

創建第2個邏輯卷:

Command (m for help): n
All primary partitions are in use
Adding logical partition 6                              //分區編號6
First sector (7583744-20971519, default 7583744):          //起始位置默認
Using default value 7583744
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (7583744-20971519, default 20971519): +2000M
                                                      //結束位置默認
Partition 6 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set

創建第3個邏輯卷:

Command (m for help): n
All primary partitions are in use
Adding logical partition 7                              //分區編號7
First sector (11681792-20971519, default 11681792):      //起始位置默認
Using default value 11681792
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (11681792-20971519, default 20971519): +512M
                                                      //結束位置默認
Partition 7 of type Linux and of size 512 MiB is set

根據預計的用途調整分區類型(可選):

Command (m for help): t                                 //修改
Partition number (1-7, default 7): 5                     //第5個分區
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e                 //類型爲8e(LVM)
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): t                                 //修改
Partition number (1-7, default 7): 6                     //第6個分區
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e                 //類型爲8e(LVM)
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): t                                 //修改
Partition number (1-7, default 7): 7                     //第7個分區
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 82                 //類型爲82(交換分區)
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux swap / Solaris'

確認分區結果並保存:

Command (m for help): p
.. ..
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vdb1            2048      411647      204800   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/vdb2          411648     4507647     2048000   83  Linux
/dev/vdb3         4507648     6555647     1024000   83  Linux
/dev/vdb4         6555648    20971519     7207936    5  Extended
/dev/vdb5         6557696     7581695      512000   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/vdb6         7583744    11679743     2048000   8e  Linux LVM
/dev/vdb7        11681792    12730367      524288   82  Linux swap / Solaris
Command (m for help): w                                 //保存退出
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.                                         //提示重啓

3)刷新分區表

[root@server0 ~]# partprobe  /dev/vdb
[root@server0 ~]# reboot

步驟二:新建卷組、邏輯卷

1)新建卷組datastore,指定PE大小爲16MIB

[root@server0 ~]# lvcreate  -l 50  -n  database  datastore
  Logical volume "database" created
[root@server0 ~]# lvscan                                  //確認新建的邏輯卷
  ACTIVE            '/dev/systemvg/vo' [180.00 MiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/datastore/database' [800.00 MiB] inherit

步驟三:格式化及使用邏輯卷

1)格式化邏輯卷/dev/datastore/database

[root@server0 ~]# mkfs.ext3  /dev/datastore/database
.. ..
Allocating group tables: done 
Writing inode tables: done 
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

2)配置開機掛載

[root@server0 ~]# mkdir  /mnt/database                     //創建掛載點
[root@server0 ~]# vim  /etc/fstab
.. ..
/dev/datastore/database         /mnt/database   ext3    defaults    0 0

3)驗證掛載配置

[root@server0 ~]# mount  -a
[root@server0 ~]# df  -hT  /mnt/database/                 //確認掛載點設備
Filesystem                     Type  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/datastore-database ext3  772M  828K  715M   1% /mnt/database
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