文章目錄
1. rsync簡介
rsync是linux系統下的數據鏡像備份工具。使用快速增量備份工具Remote Sync可以遠程同步，支持本地複製，或者與其他SSH、rsync主機同步。
- 適用於小文件備份（大文件不適用）
2. rsync特性
rsync支持很多特性：
- 可以鏡像保存整個目錄樹和文件系統
- 可以很容易做到保持原來文件的權限、時間、軟硬鏈接等等
- 無須特殊權限即可安裝
- 快速：第一次同步時rsync會複製全部內容，但在下一次只傳輸修改過的文件。rsync在傳輸數據的過程中可以實行壓縮及解壓縮操作，因此可以使用更少的帶寬
- 安全：可以使用scp、ssh等方式來傳輸文件，當然也可以通過直接的socket連接
- 支持匿名傳輸，以方便進行網站鏡像
3. rsync的ssh認證協議
rsync命令來同步系統文件之前要先登錄remote主機認證，認證過程中用到的協議有2種：
- ssh協議
- rsync協議
rsync server端不用啓動rsync的daemon進程，只要獲取remote host的用戶名和密碼就可以直接rsync同步文件
rsync server端因爲不用啓動daemon進程，所以也不用配置文件/etc/rsyncd.conf
ssh認證協議跟scp的原理是一樣的，如果在同步過程中不想輸入密碼就用ssh-keygen -t rsa打通通道
//配置免密登錄
[root@yusyang ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
[root@yusyang ~]# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub [email protected]
//這種方式默認是省略了 -e ssh 的，與下面等價：
rsync -avz /SRC -e ssh [email protected]:/DEST
-a //文件宿主變化，時間戳不變
-z //壓縮數據傳輸
//當遇到要修改端口的時候，我們可以：
rsync -avz /SRC -e "ssh -p2222" [email protected]:/DEST
//修改了ssh 協議的端口，默認是22
4. rsync命令
//Rsync的命令格式常用的有以下三種：
rsync [OPTION]... SRC DEST
rsync [OPTION]... SRC [USER@]HOST:DEST
rsync [OPTION]... [USER@]HOST:SRC DEST
//對應於以上三種命令格式，rsync有三種不同的工作模式：
1）拷貝本地文件。當SRC和DES路徑信息都不包含有單個冒號":"分隔符時就啓動這種工作模式。如：
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg nfs.sh
[root@localhost ~]# rsync -a nfs.sh a.sh
[root@localhost ~]# ll
total 12
-rw-------. 1 root root 1453 Jun 13 19:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1041 Aug 8 18:14 a.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1041 Aug 8 18:14 nfs.sh
[root@localhost ~]# ll -i
total 12
33574978 -rw-------. 1 root root 1453 Jun 13 19:27 anaconda-ks.cfg
33574979 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1041 Aug 8 18:14 a.sh
33574990 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1041 Aug 8 18:14 nfs.sh
2）使用一個遠程shell程序(如rsh、ssh)來實現將本地機器的內容拷貝到遠程機器。當DST路徑地址包 \
含單個冒號":"分隔符時啓動該模式。如：
[root@localhost ~]# rsync -avz nfs.sh [email protected]:/root/b.sh
sending incremental file list
nfs.sh
sent 643 bytes received 35 bytes 1,356.00 bytes/sec
total size is 1,041 speedup is 1.54
[root@localhost ~]# ssh [email protected] 'ls -l /root'
total 8
-rw-------. 1 root root 1454 Aug 6 04:39 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1041 Aug 8 2018 b.sh
3）使用一個遠程shell程序(如rsh、ssh)來實現將遠程機器的內容拷貝到本地機器。當SRC地址路徑 \
包含單個冒號":"分隔符時啓動該模式。如：
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg a.sh nfs.sh
[root@localhost ~]# rsync -avz [email protected]:/etc/yum.repos.d /root/
receiving incremental file list
yum.repos.d/
yum.repos.d/163.repo
yum.repos.d/redhat.repo
sent 66 bytes received 918 bytes 1,968.00 bytes/sec
total size is 1,820 speedup is 1.85
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg a.sh nfs.sh yum.repos.d
[root@localhost ~]# ls yum.repos.d/
163.repo redhat.repo
//rsync常用選項：
-a, --archive //歸檔
-v, --verbose //囉嗦模式
-q, --quiet //靜默模式
-r, --recursive //遞歸
-p, --perms //保持原有的權限屬性
-z, --compress //在傳輸時壓縮，節省帶寬，加快傳輸速度
--delete //在源服務器上做的刪除操作也會在目標服務器上同步
5. rsync+inotify
Inotify是一種強大的、細粒度的、異步的文件系統事件監控機制，linux內核從2.6.13起，加入了Inotify支持，通過Inotify可以監控文件系統中添加、刪除，修改、移動等各種細微事件，利用這個內核接口，第三方軟件就可以監控文件系統下文件的各種變化情況，而inotify-tools就是這樣的一個第三方軟件。
在前面有講到，rsync可以實現觸發式的文件同步，但是通過crontab守護進程方式進行觸發，同步的數據和實際數據會有差異，而inotify可以監控文件系統的各種變化，當文件有任何變動時，就觸發rsync同步，這樣剛好解決了同步數據的實時性問題。
環境說明：
| 服務器類型 | IP地址 | 應用 | 操作系統 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 源服務器 | 172.16.12.128 | rsync inotify-tools 腳本 |
centos7/redhat7 |
| 目標服務器 | 172.16.12.129 | rsync | centos7/redhat7 |
需求：
- 把源服務器上/etc目錄實時同步到目標服務器的/tmp/下
在目標服務器上做以下操作：
//關閉防火牆與SELINUX
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# getenforce
Enforcing
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/sysconfig/selinux
//安裝rsync服務端軟件
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install rsync
Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
myrepo | 4.1 kB 00:00
(1/2): myrepo/group_gz | 137 kB 00:00
(2/2): myrepo/primary_db | 4.0 MB 00:00
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package rsync.x86_64 0:3.0.9-18.el7 will be installed
......
myrepo/productid | 1.6 kB 00:00
Verifying : rsync-3.0.9-18.el7.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
rsync.x86_64 0:3.0.9-18.el7
Complete!
//設置rsyncd.conf配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cat >> /etc/rsyncd.conf <<EOF
log file = /var/log/rsyncd.log # 日誌文件位置，啓動rsync後自動產生這個文件，無需提前創建
pidfile = /var/run/rsyncd.pid # pid文件的存放位置
lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock # 支持max connections參數的鎖文件
secrets file = /etc/rsync.pass # 用戶認證配置文件，裏面保存用戶名稱和密碼，必須手動創建這個文件
[etc_from_client] # 自定義同步名稱
path = /tmp/ # rsync服務端數據存放路徑，客戶端的數據將同步至此目錄
comment = sync etc from client
uid = root # 設置rsync運行權限爲root
gid = root # 設置rsync運行權限爲root
port = 873 # 默認端口
ignore errors # 表示出現錯誤忽略錯誤
use chroot = no # 默認爲true，修改爲no，增加對目錄文件軟連接的備份
read only = no # 設置rsync服務端爲讀寫權限
list = no # 不顯示rsync服務端資源列表
max connections = 200 # 最大連接數
timeout = 600 # 設置超時時間
auth users = admin # 執行數據同步的用戶名，可以設置多個，用英文狀態下逗號隔開
hosts allow = 172.16.12.128 # 允許進行數據同步的客戶端IP地址，可以設置多個，用英文狀態下逗號隔開
hosts deny = 192.168.1.1 # 禁止數據同步的客戶端IP地址，可以設置多個，用英文狀態下逗號隔開
EOF
//創建用戶認證文件
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'admin:123456' > /etc/rsync.pass
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/rsync.pass
admin:123456
//設置文件權限
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync*
[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/rsync*
-rw-------. 1 root root 802 Aug 9 22:45 /etc/rsyncd.conf
-rw-------. 1 root root 13 Aug 9 22:47 /etc/rsync.pass
//啓動rsync服務並設置開機自啓動
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start rsyncd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rsyncd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyncd.service.
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 5 *:873 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
LISTEN 0 5 :::873 :::*
在源服務器上做以下操作：
/關閉防火牆與SELINUX
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
[root@localhost ~]# getenforce
Enforcing
[root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/sysconfig/selinux
//配置yum源
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
--2018-08-10 12:07:17-- http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
Resolving mirrors.163.com (mirrors.163.com)... 59.111.0.251
Connecting to mirrors.163.com (mirrors.163.com)|59.111.0.251|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 1572 (1.5K) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘CentOS7-Base-163.repo’
100%[=================================>] 1,572 --.-K/s in 0s
2018-08-10 12:07:17 (191 MB/s) - ‘CentOS7-Base-163.repo’ saved [1572/1572]
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's/\$releasever/7/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i 's/^enabled=.*/enabled=1/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install epel-release
安裝過程略。。。。
//安裝rsync服務端軟件，只需要安裝，不要啓動，不需要配置
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install rsync
Loaded plugins: product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
myrepo | 4.1 kB 00:00
(1/2): myrepo/group_gz | 137 kB 00:00
(2/2): myrepo/primary_db | 4.0 MB 00:00
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package rsync.x86_64 0:3.0.9-18.el7 will be installed
......
myrepo/productid | 1.6 kB 00:00
Verifying : rsync-3.0.9-18.el7.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
rsync.x86_64 0:3.0.9-18.el7
Complete!
//創建認證密碼文件
[root@localhost ~]# echo '123456' > /etc/rsync.pass
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/rsync.pass
123456
//設置文件權限，只設置文件所有者具有讀取、寫入權限即可
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pass
[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/rsync.pass
-rw------- 1 root root 7 Aug 10 11:40 /etc/rsync.pass
//在源服務器上創建測試目錄，然後在源服務器運行以下命令
[root@localhost ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -pv /root/etc/test
mkdir: created directory ‘/root/etc’
mkdir: created directory ‘/root/etc/test’
[root@localhost ~]# rsync -avH --port 873 --progress --delete /root/etc/ [email protected]::etc_from_client --password-file=/etc/rsync.pass
sending incremental file list
./
deleting systemd-private-899c38a51df749efb3104e68d77739ff-vmtoolsd.service-28tQpq/tmp/vmware-root/
deleting systemd-private-899c38a51df749efb3104e68d77739ff-vmtoolsd.service-28tQpq/tmp/
deleting systemd-private-899c38a51df749efb3104e68d77739ff-vmtoolsd.service-28tQpq/
deleting systemd-private-899c38a51df749efb3104e68d77739ff-vgauthd.service-0QH6Vs/tmp/
deleting systemd-private-899c38a51df749efb3104e68d77739ff-vgauthd.service-0QH6Vs/
deleting systemd-private-899c38a51df749efb3104e68d77739ff-chronyd.service-4Z4q8n/tmp/
deleting systemd-private-899c38a51df749efb3104e68d77739ff-chronyd.service-4Z4q8n/
deleting .font-unix/
deleting .XIM-unix/
deleting .X11-unix/
deleting .Test-unix/
deleting .ICE-unix/
deleting yum.log
deleting ks-script-G8Z8sn
test/
sent 49 bytes received 15 bytes 128.00 bytes/sec
total size is 0 speedup is 0.00
//運行完成後，在目標服務器上查看，在/tmp目錄下有test目錄，說明數據同步成功
//安裝inotify-tools工具，實時觸發rsync進行同步
//查看服務器內核是否支持inotify
[root@localhost ~]# ll /proc/sys/fs/inotify/
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 10 11:19 max_queued_events
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 10 11:19 max_user_instances
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 10 11:19 max_user_watches
//如果有這三個max開頭的文件則表示服務器內核支持inotify
//安裝inotify-tools
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install make gcc gcc-c++
安裝過程略....
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install inotify-tools
安裝過程略....
//寫同步腳本，此步乃最最重要的一步，請慎之又慎。讓腳本自動去檢測我們制定的目錄下 \
//文件發生的變化，然後再執行rsync的命令把它同步到我們的服務器端去
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /scripts
[root@localhost ~]# touch /scripts/inotify.sh
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 755 /scripts/inotify.sh
[root@localhost ~]# ll /scripts/inotify.sh
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 0 Aug 10 13:02 /scripts/inotify.sh
[root@localhost ~]# vim /scripts/inotify.sh
host=172.16.12.129 # 目標服務器的ip(備份服務器)
src=/etc # 在源服務器上所要監控的備份目錄（此處可以自定義，但是要保證存在）
des=etc_from_client # 自定義的模塊名，需要與目標服務器上定義的同步名稱一致
password=/etc/rsync.pass # 執行數據同步的密碼文件
user=admin # 執行數據同步的用戶名
inotifywait=/usr/bin/inotifywait
$inotifywait -mrq --timefmt '%Y%m%d %H:%M' --format '%T %w%f%e' -e modify,delete,create,attrib $src \
| while read files;do
rsync -avzP --delete --timeout=100 --password-file=${password} $src $user@$host::$des
echo "${files} was rsynced" >>/tmp/rsync.log 2>&1
done
//啓動腳本
[root@localhost ~]# nohup bash /scripts/inotify.sh &
[1] 86871
[root@localhost ~]# nohup: ignoring input and appending output to ‘nohup.out’
[root@localhost ~]# ps -ef|grep inotify
root 86871 2143 0 14:52 pts/0 00:00:00 bash /scripts/inotify.sh
root 86872 86871 0 14:52 pts/0 00:00:00 /usr/bin/inotifywait -mrq --timefmt %Y%m%d %H:%M --format %T %w%f%e -e modify,delete,create,attrib /etc
root 86873 86871 0 14:52 pts/0 00:00:00 bash /scripts/inotify.sh
root 86875 2143 0 14:52 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto inotify
//在源服務器上生成一個新文件
[root@localhost ~]# ls /etc/httpd24/
extra httpd.conf magic mime.types original
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'hello world' > /etc/httpd24/test
//查看inotify生成的日誌
[root@localhost ~]# tail /tmp/rsync.log
20180810 14:59 /etc/httpd24/testCREATE was rsynced
20180810 14:59 /etc/httpd24/testMODIFY was rsynced
//從日誌上可以看到，我們生成了一個test文件，並且添加了內容到其裏面
設置腳本開機自動啓動：
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/rc.d/rc.local
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 473 Aug 10 23:23 /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'nohup /bin/bash /scripts/inotify.sh' >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@localhost ~]# tail /etc/rc.d/rc.local
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
#
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
#
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.
touch /var/lock/subsys/local
nohup /bin/bash /scripts/inotify.sh
到目標服務器上去查看是否把新生成的文件自動傳上去了：
[root@localhost tmp]# pwd
/tmp
[root@localhost tmp]# ls
etc test
[root@localhost tmp]# ls etc/httpd24/
extra httpd.conf magic mime.types original test
//由此可見，已將源服務器的/etc目錄整個同步到了目標服務器，且新增的test文件也自動同步了
部署rsync+inotify同步/runtime目錄至目標服務器的/NAME/下。這裏的NAME是指你的名字。
在服務端配置rsync
1.安裝rsync軟件
yum -y install rsync
已加載插件：product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
file:///mnt/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#37 - "Couldn't open file /mnt/repodata/repomd.xml"
正在嘗試其它鏡像。
2.設置配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/rsyncd.conf
[common]
path = /zhangruilin/
comment = sync /runtime from client
uid = root
gid = root
port = 873
ignore errors
use chroot = no
read only = no
list = no
max connections = 200
timeout = 600
auth users = admin
hosts allow = 172.16.12.128
hosts deny = 192.168.1.1
3.創建用戶認證，創建路徑
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/rsync.pass
admin:123456
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /zhangruilin
4.設置文件權限
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pass
[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/rsync.pass
-rw-------. 1 root root 13 12月 12 10:16 /etc/rsync.pass
5.設置開啓自啓動，看端口是否開啓
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart rsyncd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 *:111 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 25 *:514 *:*
LISTEN 0 5 *:873 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::111 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
LISTEN 0 25 :::514 :::*
LISTEN 0 5 :::873 :::*
在源服務器做以下操作
1.下載rsync
[root@yusyang ~]# yum -y install rsync
已加載插件：fastestmirror, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
epel | 5.3 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
file:///mnt/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#37 - "Couldn't open file /mnt/repodata/repomd.xml"
正在嘗試其它鏡像。
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/3): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:00
(2/3): epel/x86_64/primary_db
2.編輯文件，設置和目標服務器密碼相同的文件
[root@yusyang ~]# vim /etc/rsync.pass
[root@yusyang ~]# cat /etc/rsync.pass
123456
3.設置權限，創建目錄
[root@yusyang ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pass
[root@yusyang ~]# ll /etc/rsync.pass
-rw-------. 1 root root 7 12月 12 10:35 /etc/rsync.pass
[root@yusyang ~]# mkdir /runtime
[root@yusyang ~]#
[root@yusyang ~]#
[root@yusyang ~]# cd /runtime
[root@yusyang runtime]# touch {a..z}
[root@yusyang runtime]# ls
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
4.用rsync協議鏈接873和192.168.100.129的套接字，將源服務器的/runtime的 修改，刪除等記錄都會同步到目標服務器的目錄下面。common是一個虛擬目錄，目標服務器的真正路徑是/yusyang
[root@yusyang runtime]# rsync -avH --port 873 --progress --delete /runtime [email protected]::common --password-file=/etc/rsync.pass
sending incremental file list
runtime/
runtime/a
0 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfr#1, to-chk=25/27)
runtime/b
0 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfr#2, to-chk=24/27)
runtime/c
0 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfr#3, to-chk=23/27)
runtime/d
0 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfr#4, to-chk=22/27)
runtime/e
0 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfr#5, to-chk=21/27)
runtime/f
0 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfr#6, to-chk=20/27)
runtime/g
0 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfr#7, to-chk=19/27)
runtime/h
0 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfr#8, to-chk=18/27)
runtime/i
0 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfr#9, to-chk=17/27)
runtime/j
0 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfr#10, to-chk=16/27)
runtime/k
0 100% 0.00kB/s 0:00:00 (xfr#11, to-chk=15/27)
5.下載make gcc gcc-c++和inotify-tools
[root@yusyang ~]# yum -y install make gcc gcc-c++
已加載插件：fastestmirror, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
file:///mnt/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#37 - "Couldn't open file /mnt/repodata/repomd.xml"
正在嘗試其它鏡像。
軟件包 gcc-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 已安裝並且是最新版本
軟件包 gcc-c++-4.8.5-39.el7.x86_64 已安裝並且是最新版本
正在解決依賴關係
--> 正在檢查事務
---> 軟件包 make.x86_64.1.3.82-23.el7 將被 升級
[root@yusyang ~]# yum -y install inotify-tools
已加載插件：fastestmirror, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
file:///mnt/repodata/repomd.xml: [Errno 14] curl#37 -
寫同步腳本運用到intoify
1.創建腳本文件並給他權限
[root@yusyang ~]# mkdir /scripts
[root@yusyang ~]# touch /scripts/inotify.sh
[root@yusyang ~]# chmod 755 /scripts/inotify.sh
2.寫腳本，src是源服務器的需要同步的路徑，des是目標服務器寫的虛擬目錄
[root@yusyang ~]# vim /scripts/inotify.sh
[root@yusyang ~]# cat /scripts/inotify.sh
#!/bin/bash
host=192.168.100.129
src=/runtime
des=common
password=/etc/rsync.pass
user=admin
inotifywait=/usr/bin/inotifywait
$inotifywait -mrq --timefmt '%Y%m%d %H:%M' --format '%T %w%f%e' -e modify,delete,create,attrib $src \
| while read files;do
rsync -avzP --delete --timeout=100 --password-file=${password} $src $user@$host::$des
echo "${files} was rsynced" >>/tmp/rsync.log 2>&1
done
3.把腳本放在後臺運行
[root@yusyang ~]# nohup bash /scripts/inotify.sh &
[1] 2225
[root@yusyang ~]# nohup: 忽略輸入並把輸出追加到"nohup.out"
[root@yusyang ~]# ps -ef|grep inotify
root 2225 2083 0 11:00 pts/1 00:00:00 bash /scripts/inotify.sh
root 2226 2225 0 11:00 pts/1 00:00:00 /usr/bin/inotifywait -mrq --timefmt %Y%m%d %H:%M --format %T %w%f%e -e modify,delete,create,attrib /runtime
root 2227 2225 0 11:00 pts/1 00:00:00 bash /scripts/inotify.sh
root 2229 2083 0 11:00 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto inotify
4.在源服務器創建文件，在目標服務器查看路徑是否同步
原服務器創建目錄
[root@yusyang ~]# cd /runtime
[root@yusyang runtime]# touch haha
目標服務器查看
[root@localhost ~]# ls /yusyang/runtime/
a b c d e f g h haha i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
將腳本寫在/etc/rc.local裏就可以開機自啓動腳本後臺運行
1.查看/etc/rc.local裏軟連接到了/etc/rc.d/rc.local裏面。將/etc/rc.d/rc.loca設置給予執行權限
[root@yusyang ~]# ll /etc/rc.local
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 9月 14 00:17 /etc/rc.local -> rc.d/rc.local
[root@yusyang ~]# ll /etc/rc.d/rc.local
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 473 6月 27 2017 /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@yusyang ~]#
[root@yusyang ~]#
[root@yusyang ~]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
2.編輯/etc/rc.local，加上nohup /bin/bash /sctipts/inotify.sh然後開機之後就可以後臺運行腳本
[root@yusyang ~]# vim /etc/rc.local
[root@yusyang ~]# cat /etc/rc.local
nohup /bin/bash /sctipts/inotify.sh