C#:多線程(Smart Thread Pool)-1

原文來自Smart Thread Pool,這篇文章很長(感覺不是一篇文章,而是一本書),文章描敘爲:A .Net Thread Pool fully implement in C# with many features。

文中作者整合/改進了別人的線程池,變成我們現在看到的智能線程池(Smart Thread Pool,類庫版本.Net 2.0)。它具有以下特徵:

1)線程池中線程的數量根據工作量的變化而改變;

2)Work Items可以返回一個值;

3)如果Work Item沒有開始執行,那它可以被取消的;

4)當work Item被執行時,調用線程的上下文(context)可以被使用的(不是很明白?);

5)使用最小數量的Window32事件句柄,可以保證在應用中句柄的數量不會大幅擴大(也就是使用系統資源比較少);

6)調用者可以等待多個或所有的WorkItem完成(這個很有用的);

7)一個Work Item可以有PostExecute的回掉函數,它主要用於當Work Item完成後開始被執行;

8)伴隨Work Item的狀態對象(state Object)可以被自動釋放;

9)Work Item運行過程中的異常是被返回到調用者;

10)Work Item是有優先級的;

11)Work Item有組的區分;

12)調用者可以暫停線程池和Work Item組的開始;

13)線程也有優先級;

14)線程有初始化及結束事件;

15)支持winCE平臺(沒玩過);

16)支持Action<T>和Func<T>泛型方法(也不是很明白);

17)<t>SilverLight(Web前端應用開發)也支持;

18)Mono(.Net平臺下混合編程語言)也支持;

19)<t>Performance Counters (Windows and internal);

20)WorkItem支持超時(主動);

21)線程ApartmentState;

22)線程是否爲後臺線程;

23)線程名字模板;

24)支持Windowns Phone(受限);

25)可以設定線程的MaxStackSize;


接下來我們通過實例代碼來熟悉這個智能線程池。爲了簡化,通過控制檯來直接調用。

CatchException:
public class CatchExceptionExample
{
        public void DoWork()
        {
            SmartThreadPool smartThreadPool = new SmartThreadPool();

            //the 3rd param double is the result
            IWorkItemResult<double> wir = smartThreadPool.QueueWorkItem(new Func<double, double, double>(DoDiv), 10.0, 0.0);

            try
            {
                double result = wir.Result;
                Console.WriteLine(result.ToString());
            }
            // Catch the exception that Result threw
            catch (WorkItemResultException e)
            {
                // Dump the inner exception which DoDiv threw
                Debug.WriteLine(e.InnerException);
            }

            smartThreadPool.Shutdown();
        }

        private double DoDiv(double x, double y)
        {
            return x / y;
        }
}

控制檯輸出的結果:


這印證了上面的第九條:Work Item返回的異常會返回到調用者。實際調用時是這樣表達的:

public static void Main()
{
      CatchExceptionExample catchExc1 = new CatchExceptionExample();
      catchExc1.DoWork();
      Console.ReadKey();
}
CooperativeCancel:
public class CooperativeCancelExample
{
	public void DoWork(object state) 
	{ 
	    SmartThreadPool smartThreadPool = new SmartThreadPool();

            // Queue the work item
	    IWorkItemResult wir = smartThreadPool.QueueWorkItem(DoRealWork); 

            // Give the work item some time to complete.
            Thread.Sleep(1000);

            // If the work item hasn't completed yet then cancel it.
            if (!wir.IsCompleted)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Work item canceling started");
                wir.Cancel();
                Console.WriteLine("Work item canceling ended");
            }

	    smartThreadPool.Shutdown();
	} 

	// Do some lengthy work
        private void DoRealWork()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("In DoRealWork()");

            Random rm = new Random();
            Thread.Sleep(1);
            int time = rm.Next(10, 30);

            // Do something here.
            Thread.Sleep(time);
            Console.WriteLine("Sleep before do real job,time=" + time.ToString());

            // Sample SmartThreadPool.IsWorkItemCanceled
            if (SmartThreadPool.IsWorkItemCanceled)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Work Item canceled, return directly");
                return;
            }

            // Sample the SmartThreadPool.IsWorkItemCanceled in a loop
            while (!SmartThreadPool.IsWorkItemCanceled)
            {
                // Do some real work here
                Thread.Sleep(1);
                time = rm.Next(1000, 3000);
                Thread.Sleep(time);
                Console.WriteLine("Work Item do real job, time=" + time.ToString());
            }
        }
}

控制檯輸出的結果:


結果顯示:已經進入到DoRealWork()中,由於沒有結束,所以可以取消,對應上面的第三項。

GetException:
public class GetExceptionExample
{
	private class DivArgs
	{
		public int x;
		public int y;
	}

	public void DoWork() 
	{ 
		SmartThreadPool smartThreadPool = new SmartThreadPool();

		DivArgs divArgs = new DivArgs();
		divArgs.x = 10;
		divArgs.y = 0;

		IWorkItemResult wir = smartThreadPool.QueueWorkItem(new WorkItemCallback(this.DoDiv), divArgs);

		Exception e;
		object obj = wir.GetResult(out e);
		// e contains the expetion that DoDiv threw
		if(null == e)
		{
			int result = (int)obj;
                        Console.WriteLine("No exception, got result= " + result.ToString());
		}
		else
		{
                        // Do something with the exception
                        Console.WriteLine("Got exception in result: " + e.ToString());
		}

		smartThreadPool.Shutdown();
	} 

	private object DoDiv(object state)
	{ 
		DivArgs divArgs = (DivArgs)state;
		return (divArgs.x / divArgs.y);
	}
}

控制檯輸出結果:


同樣對應上面的第九項,對線程池中的結果進行檢查,Exception也包含在結果中,區分異常e的方式是通過判斷其是否爲空。


發表評論
所有評論
還沒有人評論,想成為第一個評論的人麼? 請在上方評論欄輸入並且點擊發布.
相關文章