docker-compose，nginx搭建高可用負載均衡

前言

實驗環境
Ubuntu16.04
Docker
Nginx
https://github.com/CTFd/CTFd
ps: 並未實現跨域部署

服務文件以及思路展現

初始的docker-compose.yml裏面有一個主服務，一個數據庫。

version: '2'

services:
  ctfd:
    build: .
    user: root
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "81:8000"
    environment:
      - UPLOAD_FOLDER=/var/uploads
      - DATABASE_URL=mysql+pymysql://root:ctfd@db/ctfd
      - REDIS_URL=redis://cache:6379
      - WORKERS=1
      - LOG_FOLDER=/var/log/CTFd
      - ACCESS_LOG=-
      - ERROR_LOG=-
    volumes:
      - .data/CTFd/logs:/var/log/CTFd
      - .data/CTFd/uploads:/var/uploads
      - .:/opt/CTFd:ro
    depends_on:
      - db
    networks:
        default:
        internal:
        
  db:
    image: mariadb:10.4
    restart: always
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=ctfd
      - MYSQL_USER=ctfd
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=ctfd
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=ctfd
    volumes:
      - .data/mysql:/var/lib/mysql
    networks:
        internal:
    # This command is required to set important mariadb defaults
    command: [mysqld, --character-set-server=utf8mb4, --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci, --wait_timeout=28800, --log-warnings=0]

  cache:
    image: redis:4
    restart: always
    volumes:
    - .data/redis:/data
    networks:
        internal:

networks:
    default:
    internal:
        internal: true

思路就是添加主服務的容器數量並且link同一個數據庫容器，通過不同的端口運行主服務，提供機器的高可用性。如果需要使用跨域搭建請參考(openvswitch網橋)

所以現在只需要添加主服務ctf的數量，且分配不同的ip即可。

version: '2'

services:
  ctfd1:
    build: .
    user: root
    restart: always
#    expose: 
#      - 8000
    ports:
      - "81:8000"
    environment:
      - UPLOAD_FOLDER=/var/uploads
      - DATABASE_URL=mysql+pymysql://root:ctfd@db/ctfd
      - REDIS_URL=redis://cache:6379
      - WORKERS=1
      - LOG_FOLDER=/var/log/CTFd
      - ACCESS_LOG=-
      - ERROR_LOG=-
    volumes:
      - .data/CTFd/logs:/var/log/CTFd
      - .data/CTFd/uploads:/var/uploads
      - .:/opt/CTFd:ro
    depends_on:
      - db
    networks:
        default:
        internal:

  ctfd2:
    build: .
    user: root
    restart: always
#    expose: 
#      - 8000
    ports:
      - "82:8000"
    environment:
      - UPLOAD_FOLDER=/var/uploads
      - DATABASE_URL=mysql+pymysql://root:ctfd@db/ctfd
      - REDIS_URL=redis://cache:6379
      - WORKERS=1
      - LOG_FOLDER=/var/log/CTFd
      - ACCESS_LOG=-
      - ERROR_LOG=-
    volumes:
      - .data/CTFd/logs:/var/log/CTFd
      - .data/CTFd/uploads:/var/uploads
      - .:/opt/CTFd:ro
    depends_on:
      - db
    networks:
      default:
      internal:

  ctfd3:
    build: .
    user: root
    restart: always
#    expose: 
#      - 8000
    ports:
      - "83:8000"
    environment:
      - UPLOAD_FOLDER=/var/uploads
      - DATABASE_URL=mysql+pymysql://root:ctfd@db/ctfd
      - REDIS_URL=redis://cache:6379
      - WORKERS=1
      - LOG_FOLDER=/var/log/CTFd
      - ACCESS_LOG=-
      - ERROR_LOG=-
    volumes:
      - .data/CTFd/logs:/var/log/CTFd
      - .data/CTFd/uploads:/var/uploads
      - .:/opt/CTFd:ro
    depends_on:
      - db
    networks:
      default:
      internal:

  ctfd4:
    build: .
    user: root
    restart: always
#    expose: 
#      - 8000
    ports:
      - "84:8000"
    environment:
      - UPLOAD_FOLDER=/var/uploads
      - DATABASE_URL=mysql+pymysql://root:ctfd@db/ctfd
      - REDIS_URL=redis://cache:6379
      - WORKERS=1
      - LOG_FOLDER=/var/log/CTFd
      - ACCESS_LOG=-
      - ERROR_LOG=-
    volumes:
      - .data/CTFd/logs:/var/log/CTFd
      - .data/CTFd/uploads:/var/uploads
      - .:/opt/CTFd:ro
    depends_on:
      - db
    networks:
      default:
      internal:


  ctfd5:
    build: .
    user: root
    restart: always
#    expose: 
#      - 8000
    ports:
      - "85:8000"
    environment:
      - UPLOAD_FOLDER=/var/uploads
      - DATABASE_URL=mysql+pymysql://root:ctfd@db/ctfd
      - REDIS_URL=redis://cache:6379
      - WORKERS=1
      - LOG_FOLDER=/var/log/CTFd
      - ACCESS_LOG=-
      - ERROR_LOG=-
    volumes:
      - .data/CTFd/logs:/var/log/CTFd
      - .data/CTFd/uploads:/var/uploads
      - .:/opt/CTFd:ro
    depends_on:
      - db
    networks:
      default:
      internal:


  ctfd6:
    build: .
    user: root
    restart: always
#    expose: 
#      - 8000
    ports:
      - "86:8000"
    environment:
      - UPLOAD_FOLDER=/var/uploads
      - DATABASE_URL=mysql+pymysql://root:ctfd@db/ctfd
      - REDIS_URL=redis://cache:6379
      - WORKERS=1
      - LOG_FOLDER=/var/log/CTFd
      - ACCESS_LOG=-
      - ERROR_LOG=-
    volumes:
      - .data/CTFd/logs:/var/log/CTFd
      - .data/CTFd/uploads:/var/uploads
      - .:/opt/CTFd:ro
    depends_on:
      - db
    networks:
      default:
      internal:








  db:
    image: mariadb:10.4
    restart: always
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=ctfd
      - MYSQL_USER=ctfd
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=ctfd
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=ctfd
    volumes:
      - .data/mysql:/var/lib/mysql
    networks:
        internal:
    # This command is required to set important mariadb defaults
    command: [mysqld, --character-set-server=utf8mb4, --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci, --wait_timeout=28800, --log-warnings=0]

  cache:
    image: redis:4
    restart: always
    volumes:
    - .data/redis:/data
    networks:
        internal:

networks:
    default:
    internal:
        internal: true

在這裏我封裝成了6個容器，因爲這樣子編寫需要重新build 6個主服務容器的鏡像，所以最好是根據原來一個的鏡像，執行docker tag命令，因爲主服務都是相同的，只要有一個鏡像搭建成功就可以了。

這樣我們就可以通過6個端口來訪問主服務了。(僅僅實現了端口分發)

配置Nginx實現負載均衡

主要的nginx配置內容爲

upstream myserver{
    server 127.0.0.1:81;
    server 127.0.0.1:82;
    server 127.0.0.1:83;
    server 127.0.0.1:84;
    server 127.0.0.1:85;
    server 127.0.0.1:86;
}


server {
		listen 80;
        server_name www.myserver.org;
 
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://myserver;
        }
}

執行 ./nginx -s reload 或者 重啓服務即可實現負載均衡。因爲條件有限，如果還需要提高用戶的訪問速度，可以考慮添加動靜分離以及cdn分發，將網頁中的js文件或者css文件採用cdn外鏈。

關於作者

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