mv - move (rename) files - 移動或重命名
Rename SOURCE to DEST, or move SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY.
--help
display this help and exit.
顯示此幫助信息並退出。
--version
output version information and exit.
顯示版本信息並退出。
-v, --verbose
explain what is being done.
詳細顯示進行的步驟。
-u, --update
move only when the SOURCE file is newer than the destination file or when the destination file is missing.
只在源文件文件比目標文件新，或目標文件不存在時才進行移動。
--backup[=CONTROL]
make a backup of each existing destination file.
爲每個已存在的目標文件創建備份。
-b
like --backup but does not accept an argument.
類似 --backup 但不接受參數。
-f, --force
do not prompt before overwriting.
覆蓋前不詢問。
-i, --interactive
prompt before overwrite.
覆蓋前詢問。
-n, --no-clobber
do not overwrite an existing file.
不覆蓋已存在文件。
If you specify more than one of -i, -f, -n, only the final one takes effect.
如果您指定了 -i、-f、-n 中的多個，僅最後一個生效。
--strip-trailing-slashes
remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE argument.
去掉每個源文件參數尾部的斜線。
-S, --suffix=SUFFIX
override the usual backup suffix.
替換常用的備份文件後綴。
-t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY
move all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY.
-T, --no-target-directory
treat DEST as a normal file.
將目標文件視作普通文件處理。
The backup suffix is '~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX.
備份文件的後綴爲 "~"，除非以 --suffix 選項或是 SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX 環境變量指定。
none, off
never make backups (even if --backup is given).
不進行備份 (即使使用了 --backup 選項)。
numbered, t
make numbered backups.
備份文件加上數字進行排序。
existing, nil
numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise.
若有數字的備份文件已經存在則使用數字，否則使用普通方式備份。
simple, never
always make simple backups.
永遠使用普通方式備份。
| 命令格式 | 運行結果 |
|---|---|
| mv 文件名 文件名 | 將源文件名改爲目標文件名。 |
| mv 文件名 目錄名 | 將文件移動到目標目錄 。 |
| mv 目錄名 目錄名 | 目標目錄已存在，將源目錄移動到目標目錄。目標目錄不存在則改名。 |
| mv 目錄名 文件名 | 出錯。 |
mv yongqiang.txt cheng.txt- 重命名文件 - 目標目錄與源目錄一致，指定了新文件名，效果就是重命名。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ touch yongqiang.txt
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll
drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 5 21:41 ./
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 512 Apr 30 17:52 ../
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 0 Jun 5 21:41 yongqiang.txt
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ vim yongqiang.txt
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ cat yongqiang.txt
yongqiang cheng
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ mv yongqiang.txt cheng.txt
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll
drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 5 21:43 ./
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 512 Apr 30 17:52 ../
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 16 Jun 5 21:42 cheng.txt
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
mv ./cheng.txt ./cheng/- 目標目錄與源目錄不一致，沒有指定新文件名，效果就是僅僅移動。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll ./cheng
total 0
drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 5 21:48 ./
drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 5 21:48 ../
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ mv ./cheng.txt ./cheng/
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll ./cheng
total 0
drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 5 21:52 ./
drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 5 21:52 ../
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 16 Jun 5 21:42 cheng.txt
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
mv ./cheng.txt ./cheng/foreverstrong.txt- 目標目錄與源目錄不一致，指定了新文件名，就是移動 + 重命名。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll ./cheng/
total 0
drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 5 21:56 ./
drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 5 21:55 ../
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 0 Jun 5 21:56 yongqiang.txt
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ mv ./cheng.txt ./cheng/foreverstrong.txt
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll ./cheng/
total 0
drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 5 21:57 ./
drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 5 21:57 ../
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 16 Jun 5 21:42 foreverstrong.txt
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 0 Jun 5 21:56 yongqiang.txt
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
mv ./* /home/yongqiang/- 將當前目錄裏邊的所有文件與文件夾移動到/home/yongqiang/
需要先執行顯示隱藏文件命令，否則隱藏文件以及隱藏文件夾不會被移動到新目錄。
英語點號開頭的文件會被作爲隱藏文件處理，英語點號開頭的文件夾也被作爲隱藏文件夾處理。
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~/cheng$ ll
total 0
drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 5 21:57 ./
drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 5 21:57 ../
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 16 Jun 5 21:42 foreverstrong.txt
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 0 Jun 5 21:56 yongqiang.txt
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~/cheng$
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~/cheng$ mv ./* /home/yongqiang/
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~/cheng$
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~/cheng$ cd /home/yongqiang/
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll
total 32
drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 5 22:07 ./
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 512 Apr 30 17:52 ../
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 16 Jun 5 21:42 foreverstrong.txt
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 0 Jun 5 21:56 yongqiang.txt
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
mv /home/yongqiang/t2t_train /mnt/f/wmt_ende_tokens_32k/ - mv 命令移動目錄
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~/t2t_train/wmt_ende_tokens_32k/transformer-transformer_base_single_gpu$ ll
total 14224728
drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 2 07:46 ./
drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 May 31 16:28 ../
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 961 Jun 2 07:46 checkpoint
drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 2 03:35 eval/
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 27077403 Jun 2 07:44 events.out.tfevents.1591029257.yongqiang
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 11342232 Jun 2 00:34 graph.pbtxt
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 24 Jun 2 07:46 model.ckpt-4821.data-00000-of-00002
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 720457736 Jun 2 07:46 model.ckpt-4821.data-00001-of-00002
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 31766 Jun 2 07:46 model.ckpt-4821.index
-rw-rw-rw- 1 yongqiang yongqiang 5886575 Jun 2 07:46 model.ckpt-4821.meta
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~/t2t_train/wmt_ende_tokens_32k/transformer-transformer_base_single_gpu$
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~/t2t_train/wmt_ende_tokens_32k/transformer-transformer_base_single_gpu$ cd ~
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ mv /home/yongqiang/t2t_train /mnt/f/wmt_ende_tokens_32k/
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll
total 32
drwxr-xr-x 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 5 22:18 ./
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 512 Apr 30 17:52 ../
drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 512 Jun 1 07:51 t2t_data/
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$ ll /mnt/f/wmt_ende_tokens_32k/t2t_train/wmt_ende_tokens_32k/transformer-transformer_base_single_gpu/
total 14224728
drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 4096 Jun 2 07:46 ./
drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 4096 May 31 16:28 ../
-rwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 961 Jun 2 07:46 checkpoint*
drwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 4096 Jun 2 03:35 eval/
-rwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 27077403 Jun 2 07:44 events.out.tfevents.1591029257.yongqiang*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 11342232 Jun 2 00:34 graph.pbtxt*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 24 Jun 2 07:46 model.ckpt-4821.data-00000-of-00002*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 720457736 Jun 2 07:46 model.ckpt-4821.data-00001-of-00002*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 31766 Jun 2 07:46 model.ckpt-4821.index*
-rwxrwxrwx 1 yongqiang yongqiang 5886575 Jun 2 07:46 model.ckpt-4821.meta*
(base) yongqiang@yongqiang:~$