問題及代碼:
Problem J: C++複數運算符重載(+與<<)
Time Limit: 1 Sec Memory Limit: 128 MBSubmit: 755 Solved: 466
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Description
定義一個複數類Complex,重載運算符“+”,使之能用於複數的加法運算與輸出操作。
(1)參加運算的兩個運算量可以都是類對象,也可以其中有一個是實數,順序任意。例如,c1+c2,d+c1,c1+d均合法(設d爲實數,c1,c2爲複數)。
(2)輸出的算數,在複數兩端加上括號,實部和虛部均保留兩位小數,如(8.23+2.00i)、(7.45-3.40i)、(-3.25+4.13i)等。
編寫程序,分別求兩個複數之和、整數和複數之和,並且輸出。
請在下面的程序段基礎上完成設計:
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
Complex():real(0),imag(0) {}
Complex(double r,double i):real(r),imag(i) {}
Complex operator+(Complex &);
Complex operator+(double &);
friend Complex operator+(double&,Complex &);
friend ostream& operator << (ostream& output, const Complex& c);
private:
double real;
double imag;
};
//將程序需要的其他成份寫在下面,只提交begin到end部分的代碼
//******************** begin ********************
//********************* end ********************
int main()
{
//測試複數加複數
double real,imag;
cin>>real>>imag;
Complex c1(real,imag);
cin>>real>>imag;
Complex c2(real,imag);
Complex c3=c1+c2;
cout<<"c1+c2=";
cout<<c3;
//測試複數加實數
double d;
cin>>real>>imag;
cin>>d;
c3=Complex(real,imag)+d;
cout<<"c1+d=";
cout<<c3;
//測試實數加複數
cin>>d;
cin>>real>>imag;
c1=Complex(real,imag);
c3=d+c1;
cout<<"d+c1=";
cout<<c3;
return 0;
}
Input
一個複數的實部和虛部,另一個複數的實部和虛部
一個複數的實部和虛部,一個實數
一個實數,一個複數的實部和虛部
Output
兩個複數之和、複數和實數之和,實數和複數之和。
Sample Input
3 4 5 -10
3 4 5
5 3 4
Sample Output
c1+c2=(8.00-6.00i)
c1+d=(8.00+4.00i)
d+c1=(8.00+4.00i)
HINT
只提交自己定義的函數部分,控制輸出小數點後兩位,用 setiosflags(ios::fixed);和setprecision(2);控制
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
Complex():real(0),imag(0) {}
Complex(double r,double i):real(r),imag(i) {}
Complex operator+(Complex &);
Complex operator+(double &);
friend Complex operator+(double&,Complex &);
friend ostream& operator << (ostream& output, const Complex& c);
private:
double real;
double imag;
};
//將程序需要的其他成份寫在下面,只提交begin到end部分的代碼
//******************** begin ********************
Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &c1)
{
return Complex((real+c1.real),(imag+c1.imag));
}
Complex Complex::operator+(double &d)
{
return Complex((real+d),imag);
}
Complex operator+(double &d1,Complex &c2)
{
return Complex((d1+c2.real),c2.imag);
}
ostream & operator << (ostream & output,const Complex &c)
{
output<<"("<<setiosflags(ios::fixed)<<setprecision(2)<<c.real;
if(c.imag>=0)
output<<"+";
output<<setiosflags(ios::fixed)<<setprecision(2)<<c.imag<<"i)"<<endl;
return output;
}
//********************* end ********************
int main()
{
//測試複數加複數
double real,imag;
cin>>real>>imag;
Complex c1(real,imag);
cin>>real>>imag;
Complex c2(real,imag);
Complex c3=c1+c2;
cout<<"c1+c2=";
cout<<c3;
//測試複數加實數
double d;
cin>>real>>imag;
cin>>d;
c3=Complex(real,imag)+d;
cout<<"c1+d=";
cout<<c3;
//測試實數加複數
cin>>d;
cin>>real>>imag;
c1=Complex(real,imag);
c3=d+c1;
cout<<"d+c1=";
cout<<c3;
return 0;
}
運行結果: