import os
import openpyxl
paths = os.path.join('C:', 'Program Files (x86)', 'Python37-32')
print(paths)
print(os.getcwd()) # 當前工作目錄
os.chdir('C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Python37') # 修改工作目錄
print('修改後的工作目錄:', os.getcwd()) # 當前工作目錄
print(os.path.abspath('.\\test.txt'))
calcFilePath = 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Python37-32\\test.txt'
print('目錄名稱:',os.path.dirname(calcFilePath)) # 目錄名稱
print('基本名稱:',os.path.basename(calcFilePath)) # 基本名稱
print('同時需要目錄名稱和基本名稱:',os.path.split(calcFilePath))
print(os.path.exists('d:\\')) # 判斷是否存在閃存盤
一、需要用到的庫:
1.操作xls格式的表格文件:
讀取:xlrd
寫入:xlwt
修改(追加寫入):xlutils
2.操作xlsx格式的表格文件:
讀取/寫入:openpyxl
二、實現代碼
1.操作xls格式的表格文件:
# coding=UTF-8
import xlrd
import xlwt
from xlutils.copy import copy
def write_excel_xls(path, sheet_name, value):
index = len(value) # 獲取需要寫入數據的行數
workbook = xlwt.Workbook() # 新建一個book
sheet = workbook.add_sheet(sheet_name) # 新建一個表格
for i in range(0, index):
for j in range(0, len(value[i])):
sheet.write(i, j, value[i][j]) # 像表格中寫入數據(對應的行和列)
workbook.save(path) # 保存
print("xls寫入數據成功!")
def write_excel_xls_append(path, value):
index = len(value) # 獲取需要寫入數據的行數
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(path) # 打開工作簿
sheets = workbook.sheet_names() # 獲取工作簿中的所有表格
worksheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(sheets[0]) # 獲取所有表格中的的第一個表格
rows_old = worksheet.nrows # 獲取表格中已存在的數據的行數
new_workbook = copy(workbook) # 將xlrd對象拷貝轉化爲xlwt對象
new_worksheet = new_workbook.get_sheet(0) # 獲取轉化後的第一個表格
for i in range(0, index):
for j in range(0, len(value[i])):
new_worksheet.write(i+rows_old, j, value[i][j]) # 追加寫入數據,注意是從i+rows_old行開始寫入
new_workbook.save(path) # 保存
print("xls【追加】寫入數據成功!")
def read_excel_xls(path):
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(path) # 打開
sheets = workbook.sheet_names() # 獲取所有表格
worksheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(sheets[0]) # 獲取所有表格中的的第一個表格
for i in range(0, worksheet.nrows):
for j in range(0, worksheet.ncols):
print(worksheet.cell_value(i, j), "\t", end="") # 逐行逐列讀取數據
print()
book_name_xls = 'xls格式測試.xls'
sheet_name_xls = 'xls格式表'
value_title = [["姓名", "性別", "年齡", "城市", "職業"],]
value1 = [["張三", "男", "19", "深圳", "研發工程師"],
["李四", "男", "22", "北京", "醫生"],
["王五", "女", "33", "珠海", "出租車司機"],]
value2 = [["Tom", "男", "21", "深圳", "測試工程師"],
["Jones", "女", "34", "上海", "產品經理"],
["Cat", "女", "56", "上海", "教師"],]
write_excel_xls(book_name_xls, sheet_name_xls, value_title)
write_excel_xls_append(book_name_xls, value1)
write_excel_xls_append(book_name_xls, value2)
read_excel_xls(book_name_xls)
2.操作xlsx格式的表格文件:
# coding=UTF-8
import openpyxl
def write_excel_xlsx(path, sheet_name, value):
index = len(value)
workbook = openpyxl.Workbook()
sheet = workbook.active
sheet.title = sheet_name
for i in range(0, index):
for j in range(0, len(value[i])):
sheet.cell(row=i+1, column=j+1, value=str(value[i][j]))
workbook.save(path)
print("xlsx寫入數據成功!")
def read_excel_xlsx(path, sheet_name):
workbook = openpyxl.load_workbook(path)
# sheet = wb.get_sheet_by_name(sheet_name)已經棄用
sheet = workbook[sheet_name]
for row in sheet.rows:
for cell in row:
print(cell.value, "\t", end="")
print()
book_name_xlsx = 'xlsx格式測試.xlsx'
sheet_name_xlsx = 'xlsx格式測試表'
value3 = [["姓名", "性別", "年齡", "城市", "職業"],
["111", "女", "66", "深圳", "運維工程師"],
["222", "男", "55", "廣州", "老闆"],
["333", "女", "27", "蘇州", "保安"],]
write_excel_xlsx(book_name_xlsx, sheet_name_xlsx, value3)
read_excel_xlsx(book_name_xlsx, sheet_name_xlsx)