無人機與智慧城市
選自文章
UAVs for Smart Cities: Opportunities and Challenges
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影響smart city的重要因素
Understanding the term ‘Smart City’ is not completely carved in stone as there are only limited number of studies that investigated this topic. However, with increasing advances in technology, information systems and communications, one can identify several important core components that are required to fully understand and define the concept of a smart city.
There are eight core factors that influence smart city initiatives. These are:
- Management and organization: the alignment of management and organizational goals is a necessity for smart city to work effectively and efficiently.
- Technology: a smart city relies on a collection of smart computing technologies applied to critical infrastructure components and services. Smart computing refers to a new generation of integrated hardware, software and network technologies that provide IT systems with real time awareness of the real world and advanced analytics to help people make more intelligent decisions.
- Governance: it involves the implementation of processes with constituents who exchange information according to rules and standards in order to achieve goals and objectives. Several factors like collaboration, communication, leadership, and dataexchange are required for effective smart city governance.
- Policy-context: the policy context is critical to the understanding of the use of information systems in appropriate ways. It mainly characterizes institutional and non-technical urban issues and creates conditions that enable urban development.
- People and communities: smart city initiatives allow members of the city to participate in the governance and management of the city and become active participants. If they are key players they may have the opportunity to engage with the initiative to the extent that they can influence its success or failure.
- Economy: it is one of the major drivers of smart city initiatives and a city with a high degree of economic competitiveness is thought to have one of the properties of a smart city. The outcomes are mostly business creation, job creation, workforce development, and improvement in productivity.
- ICT infrastructure: the implementation of an ICT infrastructure is fundamental to a smart city’s development and depends on some factors related to its availability and performance.
- Natural environment: one of the core goals of a smart city is to increase sustainability and to enhance natural resource management. In addition, the protection of natural resources and related infrastructure is extremely important.
中文翻譯
理解“智能城市”一詞並不是一成不變的，因爲研究此主題的研究數量有限。但是，隨着技術，信息系統和通信技術的不斷進步，人們可以確定幾個重要的核心組件，這些核心組件是充分理解和定義智慧城市的概念所必需的。
- 管理與組織：管理與組織目標的一致是智慧城市有效，高效地工作的必要條件。智能計算是指新一代的集成硬件，軟件和網絡技術，可爲IT系統提供對現實世界的實時感知和高級分析功能，以幫助人們做出更明智的決策。
- 治理：它涉及與流程的執行，參與各方根據規則和標準交換信息以實現目標。 有效的智慧城市治理需要協作，溝通，領導和數據交換等多個因素。
- 政策環境：政策環境對於以適當的方式理解信息系統的使用至關重要。它主要表徵體制性和非技術性的城市問題，並創造有利於城市發展的條件。
- 人和社區：智慧城市計劃使城市成員能夠參與城市的治理和管理併成爲積極的參與者。 如果他們是關鍵參與者，則他們可能有機會參與該計劃，從而可以影響該計劃的成功或失敗。
- 經濟：它是智慧城市計劃的主要驅動力之一，具有較高經濟競爭力的城市被認爲具有智慧城市的特性之一。 結果主要是業務創造，工作創造，勞動力發展和生產力提高。
- ICT基礎設施：ICT基礎設施的實施對於智慧城市的發展至關重要，並取決於與其可用性和性能相關的一些因素。
- 自然環境：智慧城市的核心目標之一是提高可持續性並加強自然資源管理。 此外，保護自然資源和相關基礎設施也極爲重要。