Java實現數據共享的三種方式

Java實現數據共享的三種方式

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目錄

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內容

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1、類的靜態變量

• 示例：老師和學生共用一間教室

• Classroom類代碼1-1：教室類

    package innerclass;
  
    public class Classroom {
    	private String no;
  
    	public Classroom(String no) {
    		super();
    		this.no = no;
    	}
  
    	public String getNo() {
    		return no;
    	}
  
    	public void setNo(String no) {
    		this.no = no;
    	}
  
    	@Override
    	public String toString() {
    		return this.no + "號教室";
    	}
    }
  

• Teacher類代碼1-2：老師類

    package innerclass;
  
    public class Teacher {
    	private String name;
    	private Student stu;
    	public Teacher(String name) {
    		super();
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    	public String getName() {
    		return name;
    	}
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    }
  

• Student類代碼1-3：學生類

    package innerclass;
  
    public class Student {
    	private String name;
    	private Teacher teacher;
  
    	public Student(String name) {
    		super();
    		this.name = name;
    	}
  
  
    	public String getName() {
    		return name;
    	}
  
  
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    }
  

• Test2類代碼1-4：測試類

    package innerclass;
  
    public class Test2 {
  
    	static Classroom room = new Classroom("002");
  
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		Teacher t = new Teacher("高老師");
    		Student s = new Student("小飛");
  
    		System.out.println(t.getName() + "在" + Test2.room + "教課");
    		System.out.println(s.getName() + "在" + Test2.room + "上課");
    	}
    }
  

• 測試結果：

    高老師在002號教室教課
    小飛在002號教室上課
  

• 解析：類的靜態成員在內存中只有1個

2、類內聲明共享數據類型的引用

• 示例：一名老師負責指導一名學生

• Teacher類代碼2-1：老師類

    package innerclass;
  
    public class Teacher {
    	private String name;
    	private Student stu;
    	public Teacher(String name) {
    		super();
    		this.name = name;
    	}
    	public String getName() {
    		return name;
    	}
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
  
    	public void setStu(Student stu) {
    		this.stu = stu;
    	}
    	@Override
    	public String toString() {
    		return this.name;
    	}
  
    	public void teacher() {
    		System.out.println(this.name + "指導" + this.stu.getName() + "同學");
    	}
    }
  

• Student類代碼2-2：學生類

    package innerclass;
  
    public class Student {
    	private String name;
    	private Teacher teacher;
  
    	public Student(String name) {
    		super();
    		this.name = name;
    	}
  
  
    	public String getName() {
    		return name;
    	}
  
  
    	public void setName(String name) {
    		this.name = name;
    	}
  
  
    	public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
    		this.teacher = teacher;
    	}
  
  
    	@Override
    	public String toString() {
    		return this.name;
    	}
  
    	public void study() {
    		System.out.println(this.name + "同學"+ "由" + this.teacher.getName() + "指導");
    	}
    }
  

• Test1類代碼2-3：測試類

    package innerclass;
  
    public class Test1 {
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		Teacher t = new Teacher("王老師");
    		Student stu = new Student("小明");
  
    		t.setStu(stu);
    		stu.setTeacher(t);
  
    		t.teacher();
    		stu.study();
    	}
    }
  

• 測試結果：

    王老師指導小明同學
    小明同學由王老師指導
  

3、內部類

• 示例：同上

• 代碼3-1：

    package innerclass;
  
    public class Test3 {
    	public static void main(String[] args) {
    		Classroom1 room = new Classroom1("003");
    		Classroom1.Teacher t = room.new Teacher("李老師");
    		Classroom1.Student s = room.new Student("小田");
  
    		t.display();
    		s.display();
    	}
    }
  
    class Classroom1 {
    	private String no;
  
    	class Teacher {
    		private String name;
    		public Teacher(String name) {
    			super();
    			this.name = name;
    		}
    		public String getName() {
    			return name;
    		}
    		public void setName(String name) {
    			this.name = name;
    		}
  
    		public void display() {
    			System.out.println(this.name + "在" + no + "號教室" + "教課");
    		}
    	}
  
    	class Student {
    		private String name;
  
    		public Student(String name) {
    			super();
    			this.name = name;
    		}
  
  
    		public String getName() {
    			return name;
    		}
  
  
    		public void setName(String name) {
    			this.name = name;
    		}
  
    		public void display() {
    			System.out.println(this.name + "在" + no + "號教室" + "上課");
    		}
    	}
    	public Classroom1(String no) {
    		super();
    		this.no = no;
    	}
  
    	public String getNo() {
    		return no;
    	}
  
    	public void setNo(String no) {
    		this.no = no;
    	}
    }
  

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