RabbitMQ SpringBoot Topic-Exchange模式 應用

一.Topic-Exchange 模式:

模糊匹配,比較Message的routing key和Queue的binding key,按規則匹配成功時,Message纔會發送到該Queue。

匹配規則:

  • 第一種: * 匹配單個字母或數字
  • 第二種: # 匹配0~多個字母或數字
    在這裏插入圖片描述

項目使用上一篇中的項目 rabbitmq-produce、rabbitmq-consumer

二.rabbitmq-produce的改動

2.1 在rabbitmq-produce中,新增一個TopicRabbitConfig配置類

TopicRabbitConfig的代碼如下:

package com.example.rabbitmqproduce.config;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * Topic-exchange 配置類
 * 模糊匹配,比較Message的routing key和Queue的binding key,按規則匹配成功時,Message纔會發送到該Queue
 * 匹配規則:
 * 第一種: * 匹配單個字母或數字
 * 第二種: # 匹配0~多個字母或數字
 */
@Configuration
public class TopicRabbitConfig {

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TopicRabbitConfig.class);

    //定義 Topic-exchange模型 的隊列名
    private static final String topicQueueNameA = "topicQueueNameA";

    //定義 Topic-exchange模型 的隊列名
    private static final String topicQueueNameB = "topicQueueNameB";

    //定義 Topic-exchange模型 的交換機名
    private static final String topicExchangeName = "topicExchange";


    //定義 Topic-exchange模型 的bingingKey
    //他只會接收包含topicQueue.msg的消息
    private static final String topicBindingKeyA = "topicQueue.msg";

    //定義 Topic-exchange模型 的bingingKey
    //他只會接收topicQueue開頭的消息
    private static final String topicBindingKeyB = "topicQueue.#";


    /**
     * 隊列 起名
     */
    @Bean
    public Queue topiocA() {
        return new Queue(topicQueueNameA);
    }


    @Bean
    public Queue topicB() {
        return new Queue(topicQueueNameB);
    }


    /**
     * Topic交換機 起名:topicExchange
     */
    @Bean
    public TopicExchange topicExchange() {
        return new TopicExchange(topicExchangeName);
    }


    /**
     * 綁定  將隊列和交換機綁定
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding bindingTopicA() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(topiocA()).to(topicExchange()).with(topicBindingKeyA);
    }


    /**
     * 綁定  將隊列和交換機綁定
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public Binding bindingTopicB() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(topicB()).to(topicExchange()).with(topicBindingKeyB);
    }

}

2.2 新建一個Topic-exchange模式 的消息生產者TopicExchangeProduce類

TopicExchangeProduce 類 的代碼如下:

package com.example.rabbitmqproduce.produce;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.UUID;

/**
 * Topic-exchange模式 的消息生產者
 * @Component 注入到Spring容器中
 */
@Component
public class TopicExchangeProduce {

    //注入一個AmqpTemplate來發布消息
    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TopicExchangeProduce.class);

    //topic 交換機名稱
    private static final String topicExchangeName = "topicExchange";

    //topic 的RoutingKey
    private static final String topicRouteKeyA = "topicQueue.msg";

    //topic 的RoutingKey
    private static final String topicRouteKeyB = "topicQueue.jax.master";

    /**
     * topicA 發送消息
     */
    public void sendMessageTopicA() {
        String messageId = String.valueOf(UUID.randomUUID());
        String messageData = "hello!亞索 面對疾風吧";
        String createTime = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date());
        Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<>();
        map.put("messageId",messageId);
        map.put("messageData",messageData);
        map.put("createTime",createTime);
        logger.info("發送的內容 : " + map.toString());
        //將消息攜帶綁定鍵值:topicQueue.msg 發送到交換機topicExchange
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(topicExchangeName, topicRouteKeyA, map);
    }


    /**
     * topicB 發送消息
     */
    public void sendMessageTopicB() {
        String messageId = String.valueOf(UUID.randomUUID());
        String messageData = "hello!賈克斯 我可以打10個";
        String createTime = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date());
        Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<>();
        map.put("messageId",messageId);
        map.put("messageData",messageData);
        map.put("createTime",createTime);
        logger.info("發送的內容 : " + map.toString());
        //將消息攜帶綁定鍵值:topicQueue.jax.master 發送到交換機topicExchange
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(topicExchangeName, topicRouteKeyB, map);
    }

}

2.3 寫個測試的TestController類

代碼如下:

package com.example.rabbitmqproduce.controller;

import com.example.rabbitmqproduce.produce.DirectExchangeProduce;
import com.example.rabbitmqproduce.produce.FanoutExchangeProduce;
import com.example.rabbitmqproduce.produce.RabbitMqProduce;
import com.example.rabbitmqproduce.produce.TopicExchangeProduce;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("TestController")
public class TestController {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TestController.class);

    @Autowired
    private RabbitMqProduce rabbitMqProduce;

    @Autowired
    private DirectExchangeProduce directExchangeProduce;

    @Autowired
    private FanoutExchangeProduce fanoutExchangeProduce;

    @Autowired
    private TopicExchangeProduce topicExchangeProduce;

    /**
     * 測試基本消息模型(簡單隊列)
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/testSimpleQueue", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public void testSimpleQueue() {
        logger.info("測試基本消息模型(簡單隊列)SimpleQueue---開始");
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            rabbitMqProduce.sendMessage();
        }
        logger.info("測試基本消息模型(簡單隊列)SimpleQueue---結束");
    }


    /**
     * 測試 Direct-exchange模式
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/directExchangeTest", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public void directExchangeTest() {
        logger.info("測試 Direct-exchange模式 隊列名爲directQueue---開始");
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            directExchangeProduce.sendMessage();
        }
        logger.info("測試 Direct-exchange模式 隊列名爲directQueue---結束");
    }


    /**
     * 測試 Fanout-exchange模式
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/fanoutExchangeTest", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public void fanoutExchangeTest() {
        logger.info("測試 fanout-exchange模式 隊列名爲fanoutQueue---開始");
        fanoutExchangeProduce.sendMessage();
        logger.info("測試 fanout-exchange模式 隊列名爲fanoutQueue---結束");
    }


    /**
     * 測試 Topic-exchange模式   topicA 和 topicB
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/topictExchangeTest", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public void topictExchangeTest() {
        logger.info("測試 topict-exchange模式 隊列名爲topictQueueNameA---開始");
        topicExchangeProduce.sendMessageTopicA();
        logger.info("測試 topict-exchange模式 隊列名爲topictQueueNameA---結束");

        logger.info("測試 topict-exchange模式 隊列名爲topictQueueNameB---開始");
        topicExchangeProduce.sendMessageTopicB();
        logger.info("測試 topict-exchange模式 隊列名爲topictQueueNameB---結束");
    }
}

三.rabbitmq-consumer的改動

3.1 新建一個Topic-exchange模式 的消息消費者TopicExchangeConsumerA類 和 TopicExchangeConsumerB類

TopicExchangeConsumerA代碼如下:

package com.example.rabbitmqconsumer.consumer;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Topic-exchange模式 的消息消費者
 * @RabbitListener(queues = "topicQueueNameA") 監聽名爲topicQueueNameA的隊列
 */

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "topicQueueNameA")
public class TopicExchangeConsumerA {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate rabbitmqTemplate;

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TopicExchangeConsumerA.class);

    /**
     * 消費消息
     * @RabbitHandler 代表此方法爲接受到消息後的處理方法
     */
    @RabbitHandler
    public void receiveMessage(Map msg){
        logger.info("TopicExchangeA消費者接收到的消息 :" + msg.toString());
    }

}

TopicExchangeConsumerB代碼如下:

package com.example.rabbitmqconsumer.consumer;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Topic-exchange模式 的消息消費者
 * @RabbitListener(queues = "topicQueueNameB") 監聽名爲topicQueueNameB的隊列
 */

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "topicQueueNameB")
public class TopicExchangeConsumerB {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate rabbitmqTemplate;

    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TopicExchangeConsumerB.class);

    /**
     * 消費消息
     * @RabbitHandler 代表此方法爲接受到消息後的處理方法
     */
    @RabbitHandler
    public void receiveMessage(Map msg){
        logger.info("TopicExchangeB消費者接收到的消息 :" + msg.toString());
    }

}

四.測試

首先啓動生產者rabbitmq-produce項目。在postman或瀏覽器上訪問:
http://localhost:8783/TestController/topictExchangeTest POST請求
這時可以在rabbitmq-produce的控制檯可以看到
在這裏插入圖片描述
然後再啓動消費者rabbitmq-consumer工程,在rabbitmq-consumer可以看到:
![在這裏插入圖片描述](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200226180254338.png)可以看到 綁定了這個交換機的所有隊列都收到生產者發送的消息 。

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