這裏記錄自己學習Liunx的一些心得和雜碎筆記
關於Ubuntu的密碼
ubuntu的密碼是隨機的,每次開機都有一個的密碼,目的是爲了安全,通過查閱資料我瞭解到一種使用非root用戶下進入root的方式
- 在Terminal中輸入sudo passwd,然年後輸入當前用戶的密碼,enter
- Teminal中會提示我們新輸入新的密碼並確認,此時的密碼就是新的root密碼,修改成功後,我們可以輸入 “su root” 進入臨時root模式,也可以使用 “su -” 的方式去進入臨時root模式
關於使用 xxx --help的大綱的翻譯
shucheng@ubuntu:~$ chgrp --help
Usage: chgrp [OPTION]... GROUP FILE...
or: chgrp [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
用法:chgrp [OPTION]... GROUP FILE...
或者:chgrp [OPTION]... --reference=RFILE FILE...
Change the group of each FILE to GROUP.
改變文件的用戶組
With --reference, change the group of each FILE to that of RFILE.
使用 --reference 參數來改變每一個文件的用戶組
-c, --changes like verbose but report only when a change is made
-c --changes 只有改變發生的時候,會報告出來
-f, --silent, --quiet suppress most error messages
-v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed
--dereference affect the referent of each symbolic link (this is
the default), rather than the symbolic link itself
-h, --no-dereference affect symbolic links instead of any referenced file
(useful only on systems that can change the
ownership of a symlink)
--no-preserve-root do not treat '/' specially (the default)
--preserve-root fail to operate recursively on '/'
--reference=RFILE use RFILE's group rather than specifying a
GROUP value
-R, --recursive operate on files and directories recursively
The following options modify how a hierarchy is traversed when the -R
option is also specified. If more than one is specified, only the final
one takes effect.
-H if a command line argument is a symbolic link
to a directory, traverse it
-L traverse every symbolic link to a directory
encountered
-P do not traverse any symbolic links (default)
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
Examples:
chgrp staff /u Change the group of /u to "staff".
chgrp -hR staff /u Change the group of /u and subfiles to "staff".
GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
Full documentation at: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/chgrp>
or available locally via: info '(coreutils) chgrp invocation'