IDEA搭建Spring+SpringMVC項目--整合MyBatis流程

1.首先通過idea新建maven項目，如圖

2.建立完整的項目結構

3.配置maven依賴

其中包含啓動項目所需要的插件

 <dependencies>

    <!-- 單元測試包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 日誌包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.21</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--j2ee相關包 servlet、jsp、jstl-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--mysql驅動包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.35</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--其他需要的包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
      <version>3.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- spring 依賴 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>spring_project</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>

        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.3.2</version>
          <configuration>
            <source>1.8</source>
            <target>1.8</target>
            <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
            <compilerArguments>
              <verbose />
              <bootclasspath>${java.home}/lib/rt.jar</bootclasspath>
            </compilerArguments>
          </configuration>
        </plugin>

        <!--servlet容器 jetty插件-->
        <plugin>
          <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
          <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>9.3.10.v20160621</version>
        </plugin>

        <!-- tomcat 插件 -->
        <plugin>
          <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
          <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.2</version>
          <configuration>
            <port>9620</port>
            <path>/</path>
            <server>tomcat-development-server</server>
            <useTestClasspath>true</useTestClasspath>
          </configuration>
        </plugin>

      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>

  </build>

4.配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="3.1">

  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

  <!--welcome pages-->
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>

  <!--  啓動Spring容器 -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:application-context.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <!--  配置 SpringMVC DispatcherServlet  前端控制器  -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <!--Sources標註的文件夾下需要新建一個spring文件夾-->
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    <!-- 3.0之後新特性 支持異步處理 -->
    <async-supported>true</async-supported>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <!--字符編碼過濾器,一定要放在所有過濾器之前-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!--使用Rest風格的URI-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name><!--將普通頁面的post請求轉化爲指定的delete或put請求-->
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

5.配置sprig-mvc.xml

更多配置可自行搜索...

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
                         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <!--啓用spring的一些annotation -->
    <context:annotation-config/>

    <!-- 自動掃描該包，使SpringMVC認爲包下用了@controller註解的類是控制器 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.learning.controller">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>

    <!--HandlerMapping 無需配置，springmvc可以默認啓動-->

    <!--靜態資源映射-->
    <!--本項目把靜態資源放在了WEB-INF的statics目錄下，資源映射如下-->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/WEB-INF/statics/css/"/>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/WEB-INF/statics/js/"/>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/image/**" location="/WEB-INF/statics/image/"/>-->

    <!--但是項目部署到linux下發現WEB-INF的靜態資源會出現無法解析的情況，但是本地tomcat訪問正常，因此建議還是直接把靜態資源放在webapp的statics下，映射配置如下-->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/statics/css/"/>-->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/statics/js/"/>-->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/image/**" location="/statics/images/"/>-->

    <!-- 配置註解驅動 可以將request參數與綁定到controller參數上 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- 對模型視圖名稱的解析，即在模型視圖名稱添加前後綴(如果最後一個還是表示文件夾,則最後的斜槓不要漏了) 使用JSP-->
    <!-- 默認的視圖解析器 在上邊的解析錯誤時使用 (默認使用html)- -->
    <bean id="defaultViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/><!--設置JSP文件的目錄位置,通過controller返回的字符串，拼接成頁面路徑-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- springmvc文件上傳需要配置的節點-->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <property name="maxUploadSize" value="20971500"/>
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
        <property name="resolveLazily" value="true"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

然後就可以編寫我們的代碼了，配置tomcat或jetty。這裏項目便可以成功啓動。

7.繼續配置application-context.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd ">

    <description>Spring公共配置</description>

    <!-- import 導入配置文件 -->
    <!--<import resource="classpath:core/core.xml"/>-->

    <!--  配置自動掃描的包名 自動掃描的包名 -->
    <!--<context:component-scan base-package="com.cpic.caf.template,com.cpic.maker" />-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.learning" />

    <!-- 加載數據庫屬性文件 -->
    <bean id="jdbc" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
        <property name="locations" value="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 對靜態資源文件的訪問 -->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/img/**" location="/img/" />-->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/" />-->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/" />-->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/html/**" location="/html/" />-->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/json/**" location="/json/" />-->
    <!--<mvc:resources mapping="/font/**" location="/font/" />-->

    <!-- 導入屬性文件 -->
    <!--<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyConfigDatabase">
        <property name="locations">
            <list>
                <value>classpath:token.properties</value>
                <value>classpath:dataSource.properties</value>
                <value>classpath*:redis-conf.properties</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true" />
        <property name="fileEncoding" value="utf-8" />
        <property name="baseConfigSqls">
            <list>
                <value>select code, value1 from tbl_sys_param where value2 in ('serurityParam', 'configParam')</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="configKey" value="code" />
        <property name="configValue" value="value1" />
    </bean>-->

    <!-- SpringMVC上傳文件時，需要配置MultipartResolver處理器 -->
    <!--<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
        &lt;!&ndash; 指定所上傳文件的總大小不能超過200KB。注意maxUploadSize屬性的限制不是針對單個文件，而是所有文件的容量之和 &ndash;&gt;
        &lt;!&ndash; <property name="maxUploadSize" value="200000"/>   &ndash;&gt;
    </bean>-->

</beans>

配置數據庫信息

<!-- Spring的連接池 -->
   <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>

8.整合MyBatis

在application-context.xml配置文件中增加如下配置

    <!-- 配置MyBatis  -->
    <!-- 在Spring啓動時創建 sqlSessionFactory  掃描 mybatis 的 xml  文件-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*.xml"/>
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 創建需要使用的 jdbcTemplate  -->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate" >
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置mapperScanner  替代手工訪問數據對象 通過 MapperFactoryBean 生成 mapper 的代理對象 -->
    <bean id="mapperScanner" class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.learning.dao.mapper"/>
    </bean>

    <!--配置一個可以執行批量的sqlSession，全局唯一，單例 -->
    <bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate">
        <constructor-arg ref="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!-- simple batch reuse -->
        <constructor-arg value="BATCH"/>
    </bean>

增加對應的java代碼

最後重新啓動項目排查錯誤