數據庫在各行各業的應用實踐

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"如今，全社會駛入數字化轉型快車道，數字生態正在推動着千行百業的變革。作爲數字化轉型的基石，數據庫的重要性不言而喻。數據庫更是成爲企業的核心資產，運轉和增長的驅動引擎，開發、運維等人員幾乎每天都在和數據庫接觸。那麼，在數據規模不斷增長的今天，不同行業在選擇數據庫時都有哪些不同的需求？又是如何應用實踐的呢？","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在這裏我認爲有必要先了解一下數據庫發展的三個時代，正是這三個時代推動了數字化時代。數據庫發展的三個時代，成就了三種商業形態，並深入到了各行各業：","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"商業數據庫時代","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"：成就了商業軟件時代，常應用於傳統行業，例如：Oracle、DB2 等；","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"開源數據庫時代","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"：成就了互聯網時代，常應用於互聯網行業，例如：MySQL、PostgreSQL 等；","attrs":{}}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong","attrs":{}}],"text":"雲（分佈式）數據庫時代","attrs":{}},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"：是商業和開源、SQL 和 NewSQL 交融的時代，成就了雲和數字化時代，例如：OceanBase、TiDB 等。","attrs":{}}]}]}],"attrs":{}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/d4/d48101b6baea092f31a4cfaa39cb3b16.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" 對於以銀行爲例的金融行業，其業務價值很高，因而對數據庫的“高可用、強一致、低延時”的要求較爲極致，導致銀行逐步從傳統商業數據庫（如,Oracle）轉變到分佈式數據；對於互聯網教育行業，面對互聯網和疫情的衝擊，近年來呈現“營收高增長、業務快迭代”的發展特點，MySQL 數據庫成爲了許多教育行業的最佳選擇，同時考慮到成本和便捷性，雲數據庫的託管形態將會被看好……","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"在互聯網、數字化時代背景下，傳統單一的數據庫時代已經過去，對於數據庫深入到不同行業，以及新需求在不斷的出現，越來越多的企業意識到，採用傳統的數據庫應對不同需求這種一刀切的方式已經不再奏效。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"那麼，在這個大時代背景下，不同行業在數據庫方面又是如何應用實踐的？下面我們舉例了一些比較典型的數據庫應用實踐案例。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"開源數據庫在平安的應用實踐","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"很多像平安這樣的傳統企業，爲了適應傳統企業向互聯網、數字化轉型的潮流，面對不同數據存儲需求、不同業務場景，建立自己的數據庫研發團隊，實現自主可控，持續優化，開源數據庫成爲首選。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"比如，產險“財神節”活動中使用 TiDB 數據庫，25 個節點的集羣，使得一個 Transaction 中有多達上百個 SQL 語句，很好的滿足了產險秒殺活動的需要；壽險客戶管理系統基於平安自研的 DRDS 實現讀寫分離，把寫的負載放在 Oracle，讀則是用另外一個數據庫集羣、另外一個資源來實現，通過客戶服務和保單服務，來實現兩個 DRDS 的集羣，當客戶查詢的時候，就是去相應的集羣上訪問查詢。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"引入衆多開源數據庫之後，在平安雲上通過 Cloud Database 的方式，對外提供服務。一個方向是現在正在做雲數據庫容器化的部署，以期望達到更高密度的部署、更強的自愈能力、更容易擴展的價值。另一個方向是更多自研數據庫產品，基於這些數據庫產品開發出自主可控的數據庫，比如基於分佈式KV數據庫開發出圖數據庫產品等。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"具體實踐案例：","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MjM5MDAxOTk2MQ==&mid=502798101&idx=2&sn=a25856196eec850c2bfe3206512fad9d&chksm=3e478f0309300615255cb45b2895323cfc3ea7a55987d470c9782d333fb9d09aedcbc2b7bdef#rd","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"開源數據庫在平安的應用實踐","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"分佈式數據庫在金融行業的應用實踐","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"目前國內大中型銀行主要以國外廠商提供的大型主機和數據庫解決方案來進行系統構建。隨着互聯網金融場景的不斷拓展，系統的數據量也會快速增長，甚至有些數據短時間內的數據增長量已經超過過去好多年的積累，當系統的數據量（這裏指的是傳統關係型數據）增長到一定程度時，單個數據庫就很難滿足業務的需求。目前以國外大型主機和數據庫爲核心的架構已無法滿足大規模交易和數據處理的需求，而分佈式數據庫的出現就很好的解決了這些問題。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"分佈式數據庫，憑藉領先的分佈式架構，自動跨地域容災，數據強一致以及自動化運維等特性，在金融行業中得到了很好的應用。對金融服務模式帶來重大影響，使得金融行業向數字化、分佈式轉型成爲必然趨勢，金融業務創新與科技創新正在相互促進，重塑金融行業系統能力。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"具體實踐案例：","attrs":{}},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ki5Bh8Pdnk3wKGkpr8jY3g","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"分佈式數據庫在光大銀行關鍵業務系統的應用探索","attrs":{}}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"……","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"上述舉例只是冰山一角，但從中讓我們也看到了國產數據庫的到來，分佈式數據庫的蓬勃發展，未來可期。","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" ","attrs":{}}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"數據庫在軟件行業處於不可動搖的地位，隨着各行各業生態的豐富，相信數據庫未來將會佈局更廣，更深，期待未來會有更多企業的數據庫應用實踐案例供大家解讀、參考。","attrs":{}}]}]}