架構設計：系統間通信（11）——RPC實例Apache Thrift 上篇

原創 灬六道魔君灬 2018-08-24 07:09

版權聲明：歡迎轉載，但是看在我辛勤勞動的份上，請註明來源：http://blog.csdn.net/yinwenjie（未經允許嚴禁用於商業用途！）

目錄(?)[+]

1、概述

通過上一篇文章《架構設計：系統間通信（10）——RPC的基本概念》的介紹，相信讀者已經理解了基本的RPC概念。爲了加深這個理解，後面幾篇文章我將詳細講解一款典型的RPC規範的實現Apache Thrift。Apache Thrift的介紹一共分爲三篇文章，上篇講解Apache Thrift的基本使用；中篇講解Apache Thrift的工作原理（主要圍繞Apache Thrift使用的消息格式封裝、支持的網絡IO模型和它的客戶端請求處理方式）；下篇對Apache Thrift的不足進行分析，並基於Apache Thrift實現一個自己設計的RPC服務治理的管理方案。這樣對我們後續理解Dubbo的服務治理方式會有很好的幫助作用。

2、基本知識

Thrift最初由facebook開發用做系統內各語言之間的RPC框架 。2007年由facebook貢獻到apache基金 ，08年5月進入apache孵化器 ，稱爲Apache Thrift。和其他RPC實現相比，Apache Thrift主要的有點是：支持的語言多（C++, Java, Python, PHP, Ruby, Erlang, Perl, Haskell, C#, Cocoa, Smalltalk等多種語言）、併發性能高（還記得上篇文章中，我們提到的影響RPC性能的幾個關鍵點嗎？）。

爲了支持多種語言，Apache Thrift有一套自己的接口定義語言，並且通過Apache Thrift的代碼生成程序，能夠生成各種編程語言的代碼。這樣是保證各種語言進行通訊的前提條件。爲了能夠實現簡單的Apache Thrift實例，首先我們就需要講解一下Apache Thrift的IDL。

2-1、Thrift代碼生成程序安裝

如果您是在windows環境下運行進行Apache Thrift的試驗，那麼您無需安裝任何工具，直接下載Apache Thrift在windows下的代碼生成程序http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?path=/thrift/0.9.3/thrift-0.9.3.exe（在這篇文章寫作時，使用的是Apache Thrift的0.9.3版本）；如果您運行在Linux系統下，那麼下載http://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.cgi?path=/thrift/0.9.3/thrift-0.9.3.tar.gz，並進行編譯、安裝（過程很簡單，這裏就不再贅述了）。安裝後記得添加運行位置到環境變量中。

2-2、IDL格式概要

以下是一個簡單的IDL文件定義：

<code class="hljs cpp has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 命名空間的定義 注意‘java’的關鍵字</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">namespace</span> java testThrift.iface

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 結構體定義</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">struct</span> Request {
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>:required <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">string</span> paramJSON;
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>:required <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">string</span> serviceName;
}

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 另一個結構體定義</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">struct</span> Reponse {
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>:required  RESCODE responeCode;
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>:required  <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">string</span> responseJSON;
}

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 異常描述定義</span>
exception ServiceException {
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>:required EXCCODE exceptionCode;
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>:required <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">string</span> exceptionMess;
}

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 枚舉定義</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">enum</span> RESCODE {
    _200=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">200</span>;
    _500=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">500</span>;
    _400=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">400</span>;
}

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 另一個枚舉</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">enum</span> EXCCODE {
    PARAMNOTFOUND = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2001</span>;
    SERVICENOTFOUND = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2002</span>;
}

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 服務定義</span>
service HelloWorldService {
    Reponse send(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>:Request request) throws (<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>:ServiceException e);
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li></ul>

以上IDL文件是可以直接用來生成各種語言的代碼的。下面給出常用的各種不同語言的代碼生成命令：

<code class="hljs vala has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 生成java</span>
thrift-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.9</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.3</span> -gen java ./demoHello.thrift

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 生成c++</span>
thrift-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.9</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.3</span> -gen cpp ./demoHello.thrift

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 生成php</span>
thrift-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.9</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.3</span> -gen php ./demoHello.thrift

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 生成node.js</span>
thrift-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.9</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.3</span> -gen js:node ./demoHello.thrift

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 生成c#</span>
thrift-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.9</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.3</span> -gen csharp ./demoHello.thrift

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 您可以通過以下命令查看生成命令的格式</span>
thrift-<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0.9</span><span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.3</span> -help</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li></ul>

2-2-1、基本類型

基本類型就是：不管哪一種語言，都支持的數據形式表現。Apache Thrift中支持以下幾種基本類型：

  • bool: 布爾值 (true or false), one byte
  • byte: 有符號字節
  • i16: 16位有符號整型
  • i32: 32位有符號整型
  • i64: 64位有符號整型
  • double: 64位浮點型
  • string: 字符串/字符數組
  • binary: 二進制數據（在java中表現爲java.nio.ByteBuffer）

2-2-2、struct結構

在面嚮對象語言中，表現爲“類定義”；在弱類型語言、動態語言中，表現爲“結構/結構體”。定義格式如下：

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">struct <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">結構體名稱</span>></span> {
        <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">序號</span>></span>:[字段性質] <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">字段類型</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">字段名稱</span>></span> [= <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">默認值</span>></span>] [;|,]
}
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

實例：

<code class="hljs cpp has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">struct</span> Request {
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>:required binary paramJSON;
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>:required <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">string</span> serviceName
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>:optional i32 field1 = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>;
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">4</span>:optional i64 field2,
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>: <span class="hljs-stl_container" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">list</span><<span class="hljs-stl_container" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">map</span><<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">string</span> , <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">string</span>></span>></span> fields3
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>

  • 結構體名稱：可以按照您的業務需求，給定不同的名稱（區分大小寫）。但是要注意，一組IDL定義文件中結構體名稱不能重複，且不能使用IDL已經佔用的關鍵字（例如required 、struct 等單詞）。

  • 序號：序號非常重要。正整數，按照順序排列使用。這個屬性在Apache Thrift進行序列化的時候被使用。

  • 字段性質：包括兩種關鍵字：required 和 optional，如果您不指定，那麼系統會默認爲required。required表示這個字段必須有值，並且Apache Thrift在進行序列化時，這個字段都會被序列化；optional表示這個字段不一定有值，且Apache Thrift在進行序列化時，這個字段只有有值的情況下才會被序列化。

  • 字段類型：在struct中，字段類型可以是某一個基礎類型，也可以是某一個之前定義好的struct，還可以是某種Apache Thrift支持的容器（set、map、list），還可以是定義好的枚舉。字段的類型是必須指定的。

  • 字段名稱：字段名稱區分大小寫，不能重複，且不能使用IDL已經佔用的關鍵字（例如required 、struct 等單詞）。

  • 默認值：您可以爲某一個字段指定默認值（也可以不指定）。

  • 結束符：在struct中，支持兩種結束符，您可以使用“；”或者“，”。當然您也可以不使用結束符（Apache Thrift代碼生成程序，會自己識別到）

2-2-3、containers集合/容器

Apache Thrift支持三種類型的容器，容器在各種編程語言中普遍存在：

  • list< T >：有序列表（JAVA中表現爲ArrayList），T可以是某種基礎類型，也可以是某一個之前定義好的struct，還可以是某種Apache Thrift支持的容器（set、map、list），還可以是定義好的枚舉。有序列表中的元素允許重複。

  • set< T >：無序元素集合（JAVA中表現爲HashSet），T可以是某種基礎類型，也可以是某一個之前定義好的struct，還可以是某種Apache Thrift支持的容器（set、map、list），還可以是定義好的枚舉。無序元素集合中的元素不允許重複，一旦重複後一個元素將覆蓋前一個元素。

  • map

2-2-4、enmu枚舉

<code class="hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">enum <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">枚舉名稱</span>></span> {
        <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">枚舉字段名</span>></span> = <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">枚舉值</span>></span>[;|,]
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

示例如下：

<code class="hljs rust has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">enum</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">RESCODE</span> {
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">_200</span>=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">200</span>;
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">_500</span>=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">500</span>;
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">_400</span>=<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">400</span>;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

2-2-5、常量定義

Apache Thrift允許定義常量。常量的關鍵字爲“const”，常量的類型可以是Apache Thrift的基礎類型，也可以是某一個之前定義好的struct，還可以是某種Apache Thrift支持的容器（set、map、list），還可以是定義好的枚舉。示例如下：

<code class="hljs rust has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">const</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">i32</span> MY_INT_CONST = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">111111</span>; 

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">const</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">i64</span> MY_LONG_CONST = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">11111122222222333333334444444</span>;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">const</span> RESCODE MY_RESCODE = RESCODE.<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">_200</span>;</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

2-2-6、exception 異常

Apache Thrift的exception，主要在定義服務接口時使用。其定義方式類似於struct（您可以理解成，把struct關鍵字換成exception關鍵字即可），示例如下：

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">exception <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">ServiceException</span> {
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:required</span> <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">EXCCODE</span> exceptionCode;
    <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:required</span> string exceptionMess;
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>

2-2-7、service 服務接口

Apache Thrift中最重要的IDL定義之一。在後續的代碼生成階段，通過IDL定義的這些服務將構成Apache Thrift客戶端調用Apache Thrift服務端的基本遠端過程。service服務接口的定義形式如下所示：

<code class="hljs r has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">service <服務名稱> {
    <void | 返回指類型> <服務方法名>([<入參序號>:[required | optional] <參數類型> <參數名> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>]) [throws ([<異常序號>:[required | optional] <異常類型> <異常參數名><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">...</span>])]
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

  • 服務名稱：服務名可以按照您的業務需求自行制定，注意服務名是區分大小寫的。IDL中服務名稱只有兩個限制，就是不能重複使用相同的名稱，不能使用IDL已經佔用的關鍵字（例如required 、struct 等單詞）。

  • 返回值類型：如果這個調用方法沒有返回類型，那麼可以關鍵字“void”; 可以是Apache Thrift的基礎類型，也可以是某一個之前定義好的struct，還可以是某種Apache Thrift支持的容器（set、map、list），還可以是定義好的枚舉。

  • 服務方法名：服務方法名可以根據您的業務需求自定製定，注意區分大小寫。在同一個服務中，不能重複使用一個服務方法名命名多個方法（一定要注意），不能使用IDL已經佔用的關鍵字。

  • 服務方法參數：<入參序號>:[required | optional] <參數類型> <參數名>。注意和struct中的字段定義相似，可以指定required或者optional；如果不指定則系統默認爲required 。如果一個服務方法中有多個參數名，那麼這些參數名稱不能重複。

  • 服務方法異常：throws ([<異常序號>:[required | optional] <異常類型> <異常參數名>。throws關鍵字是服務方法異常定義的開始點。在throws關鍵字後面，可以定義1個或者多個不同的異常類型。

Apache Thrift服務定義的示例如下：

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">service <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">HelloWorldService</span> {
    <span class="hljs-constant" style="box-sizing: border-box;">Reponse</span> send(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:Request</span> request) throws (<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span><span class="hljs-symbol" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">:ServiceException</span> e);
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

2-2-8、namespace命名空間

Apache Thrift支持爲不同語言制定不同的命名空間：

<code class="hljs fsharp has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">namespace</span> java testThrift.iface

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">namespace</span> php testThrift.iface

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">namespace</span> cpp testThrift.iface</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>

2-2-9、註釋

Apache Thrift 支持多種風格的註釋。這是爲了適應不同語言背景的開發者：

<code class="hljs vala has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/*
* 註釋方式1：
**/</span>

<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 註釋方式2</span>

<span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;"># 註釋方式3</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li></ul>

2-2-10、include關鍵字

如果您的整個工程中有多個IDL定義文件（IDL定義文件的文件名可以隨便取）。那麼您可以使用include關鍵字，在IDL定義文件A中，引入一個其他的IDL文件：

<code class="hljs ruby has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">include</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"other.thrift"</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

請注意，一定使用雙引號（不要用成中文的雙引號咯），並且不使用“;”或者“,”結束符。

以上就是IDL基本的語法了，由於篇幅原因不可能把每種語法、每一個細節都講到，但是以上的語法要點已經足夠您編輯一個適應業務的，靈活的IDL定義了。如果您需要了解更詳細的Thrift IDL語法，可以參考官方文檔的講述：http://thrift.apache.org/docs/idl

2-3、最簡單的Thrift代碼

  • 定義Thrift中業務接口HelloWorldService.Iface的實現：
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> testThrift.impl;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.TException;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.HelloWorldService.Iface;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.RESCODE;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.Reponse;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.Request;

<span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
 * 我們定義了一個HelloWorldService.Iface接口的具體實現。<br>
 * 注意，這個父級接口：HelloWorldService.Iface，是由thrift的代碼生成工具生成的<br>
 * 要運行這段代碼，請導入maven-log4j的支持。否則修改LOGGER.info方法
 *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @author</span> yinwenjie
 */</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">HelloWorldServiceImpl</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">implements</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Iface</span> {</span>
    <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
     * 日誌
     */</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Log LOGGER = LogFactory.getLog(HelloWorldServiceImpl.class);

    <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
     * 在接口定義中，只有一個方法需要實現。<br>
     * HelloWorldServiceImpl.send(Request request) throws TException <br>
     * 您可以理解成這個接口的方法接受客戶端的一個Request對象，並且在處理完成後向客戶端返回一個Reponse對象<br>
     * Request對象和Reponse對象都是由IDL定義的結構，並通過“代碼生成工具”生成相應的JAVA代碼。
     */</span>
    <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> Reponse <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">send</span>(Request request) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> TException {
        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/*
         * 這裏就是進行具體的業務處理了。
         * */</span>
        String json = request.getParamJSON();
        String serviceName = request.getServiceName();
        HelloWorldServiceImpl.LOGGER.info(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"得到的json："</span> + json + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" ；得到的serviceName: "</span> + serviceName);

        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 構造返回信息</span>
        Reponse response = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Reponse();
        response.setResponeCode(RESCODE._200);
        response.setResponseJSON(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"{\"user\":\"yinwenjie\"}"</span>);
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> response;
    } 
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li></ul>

各位可以看到，上面一段代碼中具體業務和過程和普通的業務代碼沒有任何區別。甚至這段代碼的實現都不知道自己將被Apache Thrift框架中的客戶端調用。

  • 然後我們開始書寫Apache Thrift的服務器端代碼：
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> testThrift.man;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> java.util.concurrent.Executors;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.log4j.BasicConfigurator;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.TProcessor;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.server.TThreadPoolServer;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.server.TThreadPoolServer.Args;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.transport.TServerSocket;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.HelloWorldService;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.HelloWorldService.Iface;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.impl.HelloWorldServiceImpl;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">HelloBoServerDemo</span> {</span>

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> {
        BasicConfigurator.configure();
    }

    <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
     * 日誌
     */</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Log LOGGER =LogFactory.getLog(HelloBoServerDemo.class);

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> SERVER_PORT = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">9111</span>;

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">startServer</span>() {
        <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span> {
            HelloBoServerDemo.LOGGER.info(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"看到這句就說明thrift服務端準備工作 ...."</span>);

            <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 服務執行控制器（只要是調度服務的具體實現該如何運行）</span>
            TProcessor tprocessor = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> HelloWorldService.Processor<Iface>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> HelloWorldServiceImpl());

            <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 基於阻塞式同步IO模型的Thrift服務，正式生產環境不建議用這個</span>
            TServerSocket serverTransport = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> TServerSocket(HelloBoServerDemo.SERVER_PORT);

            <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 爲這個服務器設置對應的IO網絡模型、設置使用的消息格式封裝、設置線程池參數</span>
            Args tArgs = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Args(serverTransport);
            tArgs.processor(tprocessor);
            tArgs.protocolFactory(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> TBinaryProtocol.Factory());
            tArgs.executorService(Executors.newFixedThreadPool(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>));

            <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 啓動這個thrift服務</span>
            TThreadPoolServer server = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> TThreadPoolServer(tArgs);
            server.serve();
        } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (Exception e) {
            HelloBoServerDemo.LOGGER.error(e);
        }
    }

    <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
     *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @param</span> args
     */</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">main</span>(String[] args) {
        HelloBoServerDemo server = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> HelloBoServerDemo();
        server.startServer();
    }
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">54</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">55</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">56</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">57</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">58</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">59</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">60</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">61</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">62</li></ul>

以上的代碼有幾點需要說明：

  1. TBinaryProtocol：這個類代碼Apache Thrift特有的一種二進制描述格式。它的特點是傳輸單位數據量所使用的傳輸量更少。Apache Thrift還支持多種數據格式，例如我們熟悉的JSON格式。後文我們將詳細介紹Apache Thrift中的數據格式。

  2. tArgs.executorService()：是不是覺得這個executorService很熟悉，是的這個就是Java JDK 1.5+ 後java.util.concurrent包提供的異步任務調度服務接口，Java標準線程池ThreadPoolExecutor就是它的一個實現。

  3. server.serve()，由於是使用的同步阻塞式網絡IO模型，所以這個應用程序的主線程執行到這句話以後就會保持阻塞狀態了。不過下層網絡狀態不出現錯誤，這個線程就會一直停在這裏。

另外，同HelloWorldServiceImpl 類中的代碼，請使用Log4j。如果您的測試工程裏面沒有Log4j，請改用System.out。

  • 接下來我們進行最簡單的Apache Thrift Client的代碼編寫：
<code class="hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: "Source Code Pro", monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> testThrift.client;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.log4j.BasicConfigurator;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.protocol.TBinaryProtocol;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.protocol.TProtocol;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> org.apache.thrift.transport.TSocket;

<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.HelloWorldService;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.Reponse;
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> testThrift.iface.Request;

<span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
 * 同樣是基於同步阻塞模型的thrift client。
 *<span class="hljs-javadoctag" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"> @author</span> yinwenjie
 */</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">HelloClient</span> {</span>

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> {
        BasicConfigurator.configure();
    }

    <span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
     * 日誌
     */</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> Log LOGGER = LogFactory.getLog(HelloClient.class);

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">main</span>(String[] args) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">throws</span> Exception {
        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 服務器所在的IP和端口</span>
        TSocket transport = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> TSocket(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"127.0.0.1"</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">9111</span>);
        TProtocol protocol = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> TBinaryProtocol(transport);

        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 準備調用參數</span>
        Request request = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Request(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"{\"param\":\"field1\"}"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"\\mySerivce\\queryService"</span>);
        HelloWorldService.Client client = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> HelloWorldService.Client(protocol);

        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 準備傳輸</span>
        transport.open();
        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 正式調用接口</span>
        Reponse reponse = client.send(request);
        <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 一定要記住關閉</span>
        transport.close();

        HelloClient.LOGGER.info(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"response = "</span> + reponse);
    }
}</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li></ul><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right: 1px solid rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li></ul>

  • Thrift客戶端所使用的網絡IO模型，必須要與Thrift服務器端所使用的網絡IO模型一致。也就是說服務器端如果使用的是阻塞式同步IO模型，那麼客戶端就必須使用阻塞式同步IO模型。

  • Thrift客戶端所使用的消息封裝格式，必須要與Thrift服務器端所使用的消息封裝格式一直。也就是說服務器端如果使用的是二進制流的消息格式TBinaryProtocol，那麼客戶端就必須同樣使用二進制劉的消息格式TBinaryProtocol。

  • 其它的代碼要麼就是由IDL定義並由Thrift的代碼生成工具生成；要麼就不是重要的代碼，所以爲了節約篇幅就沒有必要再貼出來了。以下是運行效果。

  • 服務器端運行效果

這裏寫圖片描述

  • 服務器端收到客戶端請求後，取出線程池中的線程進行運行

這裏寫圖片描述

請注意服務器端在收到客戶端請求後的運行方式：取出一條線程池中的線程，並且運行這個服務接口的具體實現。接下來我們馬上介紹Apache Thrift的工作細節。

（接下文）

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