一、ConfigParser簡介
ConfigParser 是用來讀取配置文件的包。配置文件的格式如下:中括號“[ ]”內包含的爲section。section 下面爲類似於key-value 的配置內容。
1: [db]
2: db_host = 127.0.0.1 3: db_port = 22
4: db_user = root 5: db_pass = rootroot
6:
7: [concurrent] 8: thread = 10
9: processor = 20
中括號“[ ]”內包含的爲section。緊接着section 爲類似於key-value 的options 的配置內容。
二、ConfigParser 初始工作
使用ConfigParser 首選需要初始化實例,並讀取配置文件:
1: cf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
2: cf.read("配置文件名")
三、ConfigParser 常用方法
1. 獲取所有sections。也就是將配置文件中所有“[ ]”讀取到列表中:
1: s = cf.sections()
2: print 'section:', s
將輸出(以下將均以簡介中配置文件爲例):
1: section: ['db', 'concurrent']
2. 獲取指定section 的options。即將配置文件某個section 內key 讀取到列表中:
1: o = cf.options("db")
2: print 'options:', o
將輸出:
1: options: ['db_host', 'db_port', 'db_user', 'db_pass']
3. 獲取指定section 的配置信息。
1: v = cf.items("db")
2: print 'db:', v
將輸出:
1: db: [('db_host', '127.0.0.1'), ('db_port', '22'), ('db_user', 'root'), ('db_pass',
'rootroot')]
4. 按照類型讀取指定section 的option 信息。
同樣的還有getfloat、getboolean。
1: #可以按照類型讀取出來
2: db_host = cf.get("db",
"db_host") 3: db_port = cf.getint("db",
"db_port") 4: db_user = cf.get("db",
"db_user") 5: db_pass = cf.get("db",
"db_pass") 6:
7: # 返回的是整型的 8: threads = cf.getint("concurrent",
"thread") 9: processors = cf.getint("concurrent",
"processor") 10:
11: print
"db_host:", db_host 12: print
"db_port:", db_port 13: print
"db_user:", db_user 14: print
"db_pass:", db_pass 15: print
"thread:", threads 16: print
"processor:", processors
將輸出:
1: db_host: 127.0.0.1
2: db_port: 22 3: db_user: root
4: db_pass: rootroot 5: thread: 10
6: processor: 20
5. 設置某個option 的值。(記得最後要寫回)
1: cf.set("db",
"db_pass",
"zhaowei") 2: cf.write(open("test.conf",
"w"))
6.添加一個section。(同樣要寫回)
1: cf.add_section('liuqing')
2: cf.set('liuqing', 'int', '15') 3: cf.set('liuqing', 'bool', 'true')
4: cf.set('liuqing', 'float', '3.1415') 5: cf.set('liuqing', 'baz', 'fun')
6: cf.set('liuqing', 'bar', 'Python') 7: cf.set('liuqing', 'foo', '%(bar)s
is %(baz)s!') 8: cf.write(open("test.conf",
"w"))
7. 移除section 或者option 。(只要進行了修改就要寫回的哦)
1: cf.remove_option('liuqing','int')
2: cf.remove_section('liuqing')
3: cf.write(open(
"test.conf",
"w"))
- #!/usr/bin/env python
- from ConfigParser
import ConfigParser
- CONFIGFILE="f.txt"
- config=ConfigParser()
- config.read(CONFIGFILE)
- print config.get('messages','greeting')
- radius=input(config.get('messages','questions')+'
')
- print config.get('messages','result')
- print config.getfloat('numbers','pi')*radius**2
- s=config.sections()
- print'section: ',s
- o=config.options('messages')
- print'messages option: ',o
- v=config.items("messages")
- print'message de xinxi: ',v
- config.add_section('liuyang1')
- config.set('liuyang1','int','15')
- config.set('liuyang'1,'hhhh','hello
world')
- config.write(open("f.txt","w"))
- print config.get('liuyang1','int')
- print config.get('liuyang1','hhhh')
- #!/usr/bin/env python
- import ConfigParser
- import sys
- config=ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
- config.add_section("book1")
- config.set("book1","title","hello
world")
- config.set("book1","aut","log")
- config.write(open("f.txt","w"))