Python編程作業【第四周】（二）

8-1 messages

def display_message():
    print("nice to learn the method")
display_message()

8-2 favorite books

def favorite_book(title):
    print("One of my favorite books is Alice in Wonderland")
favorite_book("Harry Potter")

8-3 T-shirt

def make_shirt(size, word):
    print("This T-shirt is " + str(size) + " size", end = '')
    print(", and the appended word is " + '"' + word + '".')
make_shirt(175, "hello world")
make_shirt(size = 175, word = "hello world")

8-4 Big T-shirt

def make_shirt(size, word = "I love python"):
    print("This T-shirt is " + str(size) + " size", end = '')
    print(", and the appended word is " + '"' + word + '".')
make_shirt("big")
make_shirt("middle")
make_shirt("small", "I'll go home")

8-5 Cities

def describe_city(name, state="china"):
    print(name + " is in " + state)
describe_city("Beijing", "China")
describe_city("London", "British")
describe_city("Yantai")

8-6 Name of cities

def city_country(name, state):
    print('"' + name + ', ' + state + '"')
city_country("Beijing", "China")
city_country("London", "British")
city_country("New York", "America")

8-7 Albums

def make_album(song, singer, songs_number = -1):
    if songs_number == -1:
        dic = {"name": song, "singer": singer}
    else:
        dic = {"name": song, "singer": singer, "number of songs": songs_number}
    return dic
print(make_album("houlai", "Liu ruoying"))
print(make_album("henaihenaini", "Liu ruoying"))
print(make_album("Bingyu", "Liu dehua", 1))

8-8 User's Album

def make_album(song, singer, songs_number = -1):
    if songs_number == -1:
        dic = {"name": song, "singer": singer}
    else:
        dic = {"name": song, "singer": singer, "number of songs": songs_number}
    return dic
while True:
    print('You can input "quit" to exit the program')
    song = input("Please input the song name: ")
    if song == "quit":
        break
    singer = input("Please input the singer: ")
    if singer == "quit":
        break
    songs_number = input("Please input the number of all songs: ")
    if songs_number == "quit":
        break
    album = make_album(song, singer, songs_number)
    print(album)

8-9 magicians

def show_magicians(magicians):
    print(magicians)
magicians = ["zzr", "zj", "zbq"]
show_magicians(magicians)

8-10 outstanding magicians

def show_magicians(magicians):
    print(magicians)
def make_great(magicians):
    for i in range(len(magicians)):
        magicians[i] = "the Great " + magicians[i]
magicians = ["zzr", "zj", "zbq"]
show_magicians(magicians)
make_great(magicians)
show_magicians(magicians)

8-11 Fixed magicians

def show_magicians(magicians):
    print(magicians)
def make_great(magicians):
    for i in range(len(magicians)):
        magicians[i] = "the Great " + magicians[i]
    return magicians
        
magicians = ["zzr", "zj", "zbq"]
magicians2 = make_great(magicians[:])
show_magicians(magicians)
show_magicians(magicians2)

    實際上，傳進函數當中的列表是原來的列表本身，但是傳遞進去的數字和字符串卻是重新生成的臨時變量，在這當中又一點需要注意的是，使用for語句的時候，前面的循環變量i是臨時生成的，而不是這個列表當中真正的i，例如：

def make_great(magicians):
    for magician in magicians:
        magician = "the Great " + magician
    return magicians

    這種寫法裏面就把magician認爲是magicians裏面的真實變量，但是其實不是。

8-12 sandwiches

def get_items(*items):
    print(items)
get_items("cheese", "beef", "tomato")
get_items("cheese", "beef", "tomato", "potato")
get_items("cheese", "beef", "tomato", "potato", "milk")

8-13 brief introduction

def build_profile(first, last, **user_info):
    '''創建一個字典，其中包含我們知道的有關用戶的一切'''
    profile = {}   
    profile['first_name'] = first
    profile['last_name'] = last
    for key, value in user_info.items():
        profile[key] = value
    return profile
user_profile = build_profile('Binqi', 'Zhao', birthday = "19980506", favourite_color = "Blue")
print(user_profile)

8-14 cars

def make_car(producer, type, **others):
    car = {}
    car['producer'] = producer
    car['type'] = type
    for key, value in others.items():
        car[key] = value
    return car
car = make_car('subaru', 'outback', color='blue', tow_package=True)
print(car)

8-15 print the model

import func
car = func.make_car('subaru', 'outback', color='blue', tow_package=True)
print(car)

8-16 import

import func as f
car = f.make_car('subaru', 'outback', color='blue', tow_package=True)
print(car)

from func import make_car
car = make_car('subaru', 'outback', color='blue', tow_package=True)
print(car)

from func import make_car as make
car = make('subaru', 'outback', color='blue', tow_package=True)
print(car)

from func import *
car = make_car('subaru', 'outback', color='blue', tow_package=True)
print(car)