11-1 城市和國家:編寫一個函數,它接受兩個形參:一個城市名和一個國家名。這個函數返回一個格式爲City, Country的字符串,如Santiago, Chile 。將這個函數存儲在一個名爲city_functions.py的模塊中。創建一個名爲test_cities.py的程序,對剛編寫的函數進行測試(別忘了, 你需要導入模塊unittest 以及要測試的函數)。編寫一個名爲test_city_country() 的方法,覈實使用類似於’santiago’和’chile’這樣的值來調用前述函數時,得到的字符串是正確的。運行test_cities.py,確認測試test_city_country()通過了。
Solution:
#city_functions.py
def city_country(City, Country):
output = City.title() +', ' + Country.title()
return output
#test_cities.py
import unittest
from city_functions import city_country
class CityTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
"""test city_functions.py"""
def test_city_country(self):
formatted_output = city_country('santiago', 'chile')
self.assertEqual(formatted_output, 'Santiago, Chile')
unittest.main()
Output:
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.001s
OK
11-2 人口數量:修改前面的函數,使其包含可選的形參population ,並返回一個格式爲City, Country - population xxx 的字符串,如Santiago, Chile - population 5000000 。
運行test_cities.py,確認測試test_city_country()通過了。
再編寫一個名爲test_city_country_population() 的測試,覈實可以使用類似於’santiago’ 、 ‘chile’ 和’population=5000000’ 這樣的值來調用這個函數。再次運行test_cities.py,確認測試test_city_country_population()通過了。
Solution:
#city_functions.py
def city_country(City, Country, population=''):
if population:
output = City.title() +', ' + Country.title() + ' - population ' + str(population)
else:
output = City.title() +', ' + Country.title()
return output
#test_cities.py
import unittest
from city_functions import city_country
class CityTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
"""test city_functions.py"""
def test_city_country(self):
formatted_output = city_country('santiago', 'chile')
self.assertEqual(formatted_output, 'Santiago, Chile')
def test_city_country_population(self):
formatted_output = city_country('santiago', 'chile', 5000000)
self.assertEqual(formatted_output, 'Santiago, Chile - population 5000000')
unittest.main()
Output:
..
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.000s
OK
11-3 僱員:編寫一個名爲Employee 的類,其方法init() 接受名、姓和年薪,並將它們都存儲在屬性中。編寫一個名爲give_raise()的方法,它默認將年薪增加5000美元,但也能夠接受其他的年薪增加量。
爲Employee 編寫一個測試用例,其中包含兩個測試方法:test_give_default_raise() 和test_give_custom_raise() 。使用方法setUp() ,以免在每個測試方法中都創建新的僱員實例。運行這個測試用例,確認兩個測試都通過了。
Solution:
#employee_class.py
class Employee():
"""build a record for a employee"""
def __init__(self, first_name, last_name, salary):
"""initial a employee"""
self.first_name = first_name
self.last_name = last_name
self.salary = salary
def give_raise(self, money=5000):
"""giving raise"""
self.salary += money
#test_employee_class.py
import unittest
from employee_class import Employee
class TestEmployeeClass(unittest.TestCase):
"""test Employee"""
def setUp(self):
"""set up a test sample"""
self.test_employee = Employee("Tim", "Ashero", 5000)
def test_give_default_raise(self):
"""test default raise"""
self.test_employee.give_raise()
test_salary = self.test_employee.salary
self.assertEqual(test_salary, 10000)
def test_give_custom_raise(self):
"""test custom raise"""
self.test_employee.give_raise(8000)
test_salary = self.test_employee.salary
self.assertEqual(test_salary, 13000)
unittest.main()
Output:
..
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.000s
OK