關於POI 操作word的基礎知識在這個博客（http://elim.iteye.com/blog/2049110）中有非常清晰的解釋，在這裏我就不多解釋了
本文研究的內容就是
XWPFParagraph：代表一個段落
XWPFRun：代表具有相同屬性的一段文本
大家都知道在設計模式中有個構造器模式，用於那些擁有很多屬性但是有些屬性可選設置的對象的生成。筆者覺得段落和文本的構建能很好運用此種模式。
首先是段落構建器
//段落構建器
public class XWPFParagraphBuilder {
//常量，在文檔中定義長度和高度的單位
private static final int PER_LINE = 100;
//每個字符的單位長度
private static final int PER_CHART = 100;
//1釐米≈567
private static final int PER_CM = 567;
//每一磅的單位長度
private static final int PER_POUND = 20;
//行距單位長度
private static final int ONE_LINE = 240;
private XWPFParagraph paragraph = null;
private CTPPr pPr = null;
//保存通用段落屬性引用，方便複用
private Map<String, CTPPr> savedPPr = null;
//設定間距的對象
private CTSpacing pSpacing = null;
//設定縮進的對象
private CTInd pInd = null;
public XWPFParagraphBuilder init(XWPFDocument document) {
return init(document.createParagraph());
}
public XWPFParagraphBuilder init(XWPFParagraph paragraph) {
if (paragraph == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("the paragraph should not be null");
}
this.paragraph = paragraph;
pPr = getPrOfParagraph(paragraph);
return this;
}
//設置段落對齊方式
public XWPFParagraphBuilder align(ParagraphAlignment pAlign, TextAlignment vAlign) {
ensureInit();
if (pAlign != null) {
paragraph.setAlignment(pAlign);
}
if (vAlign != null) {
paragraph.setVerticalAlignment(vAlign);
}
return this;
}
//初始化段落間距屬性，在設置各段落間距前調用
public XWPFParagraphBuilder initSpacing() {
ensureInit();
pSpacing = pPr.getSpacing() != null ? pPr.getSpacing() : pPr.addNewSpacing();
return this;
}
//設置段前和段後間距，以磅爲單位
public XWPFParagraphBuilder spaceInPound(double before, double after) {
ensureInit();
if (pSpacing == null) {
initSpacing();
}
pSpacing.setBefore(BigInteger.valueOf((long) (before * PER_POUND)));
pSpacing.setAfter(BigInteger.valueOf((long) (after * PER_POUND)));
return this;
}
//設置段前和段後間距，以行爲單位
public XWPFParagraphBuilder spaceInLine(double beforeLines, double afterLines) {
ensureInit();
if (pSpacing == null) {
initSpacing();
}
pSpacing.setBeforeLines(BigInteger.valueOf((long) (beforeLines * PER_LINE)));
pSpacing.setAfterLines(BigInteger.valueOf((long) (afterLines * PER_LINE)));
return this;
}
//設置段落行距
public XWPFParagraphBuilder lineSpace(double value, STLineSpacingRule.Enum spaceRule) {
ensureInit();
if (pSpacing == null) {
initSpacing();
}
int unit;
if (spaceRule == null) {
spaceRule = STLineSpacingRule.AUTO;
}
if (spaceRule.intValue() == STLineSpacingRule.INT_AUTO) {
//當行距規則爲多倍行距時，單位爲行，且最小爲0.06行
unit = ONE_LINE;
if (value < 0.06) {
value = 0.06;
}
} else {
//當行距規則爲固定值或最小值時，單位爲磅，且最小爲0.7磅
unit = PER_POUND;
if (value < 0.7) {
value = 0.7;
}
}
pSpacing.setLine(BigInteger.valueOf((long) (value * unit)));
pSpacing.setLineRule(spaceRule);
return this;
}
public XWPFParagraphBuilder initInd() {
ensureInit();
pInd = pPr.getInd() != null ? pPr.getInd() : pPr.addNewInd();
return this;
}
//設置段落縮進，以釐米爲單位; 懸掛縮進高於首行縮進；右側縮進高於左側縮進
public XWPFParagraphBuilder indentInCM(double firstLine, double hanging, double right, double left) {
ensureInit();
if (pInd == null) {
initInd();
}
if (firstLine != 0) {
pInd.setFirstLine(BigInteger.valueOf((long) (firstLine * PER_CM)));
}
if (hanging != 0) {
pInd.setHanging(BigInteger.valueOf((long) (hanging * PER_CM)));
}
if (right != 0) {
pInd.setRight(BigInteger.valueOf((long) (right * PER_CM)));
}
if (left != 0) {
pInd.setLeft(BigInteger.valueOf((long) (left * PER_CM)));
}
return this;
}
//設置段落縮進，以字符爲單位; 懸掛縮進高於首行縮進；右側縮進高於左側縮進
public XWPFParagraphBuilder indentInChart(int firstLine, int hanging, int left, int right) {
ensureInit();
if (pInd == null) {
initInd();
}
if (firstLine != 0) {
pInd.setFirstLineChars(BigInteger.valueOf((long) (firstLine * PER_CHART)));
}
if (hanging != 0) {
pInd.setHangingChars(BigInteger.valueOf((long) (hanging * PER_CHART)));
}
if (right != 0) {
pInd.setRightChars(BigInteger.valueOf((long) (right * PER_CHART)));
}
if (left != 0) {
pInd.setLeftChars(BigInteger.valueOf((long) (left * PER_CHART)));
}
return this;
}
public XWPFParagraphBuilder savePr(String pPrName) {
ensureInit();
if (savedPPr == null) {
savedPPr = new HashedMap<String, CTPPr>();
}
savedPPr.put(pPrName, pPr);
return this;
}
public XWPFParagraphBuilder samePrOf(String pPrName) {
ensureInit();
if (savedPPr != null && savedPPr.containsKey(pPrName)) {
return samePrOf(savedPPr.get(pPrName));
}
return this;
}
public XWPFParagraphBuilder samePrOf(CTPPr pPr) {
ensureInit();
if (pPr != null) {
paragraph.getCTP().setPPr(pPr);
}
return this;
}
public XWPFParagraphBuilder samePrOf(XWPFParagraph otherPra) {
ensureInit();
paragraph.getCTP().setPPr(getPrOfParagraph(otherPra));
return this;
}
public XWPFParagraph build() {
return paragraph;
}
//確保init方法是第一個調用的，避免出現空指針異常
private void ensureInit() {
if (this.paragraph == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("the init method must be invoked firstly");
}
}
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構建器的優點在於能夠鏈式調用
示例：
//新增一個段前2倍行距段後3倍行距，文本2倍行距的段落
XWPFParagraph firstPar = paragraphBuilder.init(document).initSpacing().spaceInLine(2, 3)
.lineSpace(2, null).build();- 1
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如果有一段段落的屬性與之前段落相同，你可以在鏈尾調用savePr(String pPrName)，來爲保存該屬性，並制定名稱，當有其他段落要用到次屬性時就可以在調用samePrOf(String pPrName)來設定屬性避免重複操作。
其中有一點需要注意的是：init方法一定是第一個調用的，不然會出現空指針異常
接下來是文本構建器（思想與段落相同）
//文本構建器
public class XWPFRunBuilder {
private XWPFRun run = null;
private Map<String, CTRPr> savedRPr;
public XWPFRunBuilder init(XWPFParagraph paragraph) {
return init(paragraph, false);
}
public XWPFRunBuilder init(XWPFParagraph paragraph, boolean newLine) {
this.run = paragraph.createRun();
if (newLine) {
run.addBreak();
}
return this;
}
/**
* insert a new Run in RunArray
*
* @param pos The position at which the new run should be added.
*/
public XWPFRunBuilder init(XWPFParagraph paragraph, int pos) {
this.run = paragraph.insertNewRun(pos);
if (this.run == null) {
return init(paragraph, false);
}
return this;
}
public XWPFRunBuilder init(XWPFRun run) {
if (run == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("the run should not be null");
}
this.run = run;
return this;
}
public XWPFRunBuilder content(String content) {
ensureInit();
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(content)) {
// pRun.setText(content);
if (content.contains("\n")) {// System.properties("line.separator")
String[] lines = content.split("\n");
run.setText(lines[0], 0); // set first line into XWPFRun
for (int i = 1; i < lines.length; i++) {
// add break and insert new text
run.addBreak();
run.setText(lines[i]);
}
} else {
run.setText(content, 0);
}
}
return this;
}
//加粗
public XWPFRunBuilder bold(boolean bold) {
ensureInit();
run.setBold(bold);
return this;
}
//斜體
public XWPFRunBuilder italic(boolean italic) {
ensureInit();
run.setItalic(italic);
return this;
}
//刪除線
public XWPFRunBuilder strike(boolean strike) {
ensureInit();
run.setStrike(strike);
return this;
}
//字體設置，中文字體、英文字體、字號
public XWPFRunBuilder font(String cnFontFamily, String enFontFamily, String fontSize) {
ensureInit();
CTRPr rPr = getPrOfRun(run);
// 設置字體
CTFonts fonts = rPr.isSetRFonts() ? rPr.getRFonts() : rPr.addNewRFonts();
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(enFontFamily)) {
fonts.setAscii(enFontFamily);
fonts.setHAnsi(enFontFamily);
}
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(cnFontFamily)) {
fonts.setEastAsia(cnFontFamily);
fonts.setHint(STHint.EAST_ASIA);
}
// 設置字體大小
CTHpsMeasure sz = rPr.isSetSz() ? rPr.getSz() : rPr.addNewSz();
sz.setVal(new BigInteger(fontSize));
CTHpsMeasure szCs = rPr.isSetSzCs() ? rPr.getSzCs() : rPr
.addNewSzCs();
szCs.setVal(new BigInteger(fontSize));
return this;
}
//底紋
public XWPFRunBuilder shade(STShd.Enum shdStyle, String shdColor) {
ensureInit();
CTRPr rPr = getPrOfRun(run);
// 設置底紋
CTShd shd = rPr.isSetShd() ? rPr.getShd() : rPr.addNewShd();
if (shdStyle != null) {
shd.setVal(shdStyle);
}
if (shdColor != null) {
shd.setColor(shdColor);
shd.setFill(shdColor);
}
return this;
}
/**
* @param position 字符垂直方向上間距位置； >0：提升； <0：降低；=磅值*2
* @return
*/
public XWPFRunBuilder position(int position) {
ensureInit();
if (position != 0) {
run.setTextPosition(position);
}
return this;
}
//字符間距
public XWPFRunBuilder space(int spacingValue) {
ensureInit();
if (spacingValue > 0) {
CTRPr rPr = getPrOfRun(run);
CTSignedTwipsMeasure measure = rPr.isSetSpacing() ? rPr.getSpacing() : rPr.addNewSpacing();
measure.setVal(new BigInteger(String.valueOf(spacingValue)));
}
return this;
}
/**
* @param verticalAlign SUPERSCRIPT：上標；SUBSCRIPT：下標
* @return
*/
public XWPFRunBuilder verticalAlign(VerticalAlign verticalAlign) {
ensureInit();
if (verticalAlign != null) {
run.setSubscript(verticalAlign);
}
return this;
}
//下劃線
public XWPFRunBuilder underLine(STUnderline.Enum underStyle, String underLineColor) {
ensureInit();
CTRPr rPr = getPrOfRun(run);
CTUnderline udLine = rPr.addNewU();
udLine.setVal(underStyle);
udLine.setColor(underLineColor);
return this;
}
//高亮
public XWPFRunBuilder highLight(STHighlightColor.Enum highStyle) {
ensureInit();
CTRPr rPr = getPrOfRun(run);
if (highStyle != null) {
CTHighlight highLight = rPr.isSetHighlight() ? rPr.getHighlight() : rPr.addNewHighlight();
highLight.setVal(highStyle);
}
return this;
}
public XWPFRunBuilder savePr(String rPrName) {
ensureInit();
if (savedRPr == null) {
savedRPr = new HashedMap<String, CTRPr>();
}
savedRPr.put(rPrName, getPrOfRun(run));
return this;
}
public XWPFRunBuilder samePrOf(String rPrName) {
ensureInit();
if (savedRPr != null && savedRPr.containsKey(rPrName)) {
return samePrOf(savedRPr.get(rPrName));
}
return this;
}
public XWPFRunBuilder samePrOf(CTRPr rPr) {
ensureInit();
if (rPr != null) {
run.getCTR().setRPr(rPr);
}
return this;
}
public XWPFRunBuilder samePrOf(XWPFRun otherRun) {
ensureInit();
run.getCTR().setRPr(getPrOfRun(otherRun));
return this;
}
public XWPFRun build() {
return run;
}
private void ensureInit() {
if (this.run == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("the init method must be invoked firstly");
}
}
}
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文本構建器大體上與段落構建器類似，基本上能滿足大多數操作。
備註：因爲只是貼出部分代碼，其中有兩個工具方法未給出，全部代碼在github可以看到（https://github.com/jadezhang123/learning/blob/master/apple/src/main/java/own/jadezhang/learning/apple/utils/WordHolder.java）
以後有時間會研究操作table，這個是重點。加油！
測試結果
