Oracle 中手工創建數據庫的語法
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Oracle 8i：
(還不支持 9i 的 AUM 特性，需要 DBA 手工管理 Undo 表空間大小和回滾段數量)
CREATE DATABASE "test"
maxdatafiles 254
maxinstances 8
maxlogfiles 32
character set US7ASCII
national character set UTF8
DATAFILE '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf' SIZE 260M AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 10240K
logfile
'/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo01.log' SIZE 4M,
'/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo02.log' SIZE 4M,
'/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo03.log' SIZE 4M;
然後再創建 Undo, Temp 表空間，Rollback Segments.....運行創建數據字典腳本 catalog.sql, catproc.sql .....
@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql
@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql
...............
@?/rdbms/admin/utlrp.sql
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Oracle 9i：
(引入 AUM 特性，相應的初始化參數是 undo_management， undo_retention 和 undo_tablespace；
保留手工管理 undo 支持；支持表空間本地管理特性(Extent Management Local)，9.2 支持 SYSTEM 表空間)
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Oracle 10g:
(引入 SYSAUX 表空間特性，在手工創建數據庫的時候必須包含創建 SYSAUX 表空間的語句)
當禁用 AUM 時，10g 中依然是默認設置
undo_management='MANUAL'
create database test
maxdatafiles 1024
maxlogfiles 9
maxlogmembers 3
maxloghistory 1
maxinstances 1
character set al32utf8
national character set al16utf16
datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf' size 50M autoextend on
sysaux datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf' size 300M
logfile
'/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo01.log' SIZE 4M,
'/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo02.log' SIZE 4M,
'/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo03.log' SIZE 4M;
創建 sysaux 表空間的語句必須存在， 否則會報 (ORA-13504: No SYSAUX datafile clause specified) 錯誤；
如果腳本中包含創建 undo 表空間的命令，則會報 (ORA-30014: operation only supported in Automatic Undo Management mode) 錯誤。
上面這段腳本等效於前面 8i 中的命令，再簡潔不過了。
當禁用 AUM，並且system 表空間使用本地管理特性時 (extent management local)
undo_management='MANUAL'
create database test
maxdatafiles 1024
maxlogfiles 9
maxlogmembers 3
maxloghistory 1
maxinstances 1
character set al32utf8
national character set al16utf16
datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf' size 50M autoextend on extent management local
sysaux datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf' size 300M
default temporary tablespace temp
tempfile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/temp01.dbf' size 20M
logfile
'/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo01.log' SIZE 4M,
'/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo02.log' SIZE 4M,
'/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo03.log' SIZE 4M;
創建默認臨時表空間的語句必須存在，否則會報 (ORA-12900: must specify a default temporary tablespace for a locally managed
database) 錯誤，這是 10g 中要求的。
當啓用 AUM 時
undo_management='AUTO'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS'
create database test
maxdatafiles 1024
maxlogfiles 9
maxlogmembers 3
maxloghistory 1
maxinstances 1
character set al32utf8
national character set al16utf16
datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf' size 50M AUTOEXTEND ON
sysaux datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf' size 300M
undo tablespace undotbs
datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf' size 10M autoextend on maxsize unlimited
logfile
'/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo01.log' SIZE 4M,
'/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo02.log' SIZE 4M,
'/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo03.log' SIZE 4M;
如果腳本中不包含創建 undo 表空間的命令 (undo tablespace xxx......)，則會報 (ORA-30045: No undo tablespace name specified) 錯誤；
如果參數和腳本中的表空間名稱不一致則會報常見的 (ORA-01092: ORACLE instance terminated. Disconnection forced) 錯誤。
當啓用 AUM 時，並且 system 表空間使用本地管理特性時 (extent management local)
undo_management='AUTO'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS'
create database test
maxdatafiles 1024
maxlogfiles 9
maxlogmembers 3
maxloghistory 1
maxinstances 1
character set al32utf8
national character set al16utf16
datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/system01.dbf' size 50M autoextend on extent management local
sysaux datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf' size 300M
default temporary tablespace temp
tempfile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/temp01.dbf' size 20M
undo tablespace undotbs
datafile '/opt/oracle/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf' size 10M autoextend on maxsize unlimited
logfile
'/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo01.log' SIZE 4M,
'/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo02.log' SIZE 4M,
'/opt/oracle/oradata/test/redo03.log' SIZE 4M;
四個必要的表空間一個不能少！
當啓用 OMF 時，AUM 必須啓用
db_create_file_dest='/opt/oracle/oradata'
db_create_online_log_dest_1='/opt/oracle/oradata'
undo_management='AUTO'
create database test
user sys identified by oracle
user system identified by oracle
undo tablespace undotbs
default temporary tablespace temp;
我們可以使它更簡潔如下:
create database test;
此時臨時表空間需要手工創建如下：
create temporary tablespace temp;
當啓用 OMF & ASM 時，AUM 必須啓用
db_create_file_dest='+DATA1'
db_create_online_log_dest_1='+DATA1'
undo_management='AUTO'
create database test;
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