Redhat搭建centos鏡像作爲yum源
1.查詢redhat的yum安裝包
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep yum
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.i686
yum-utils-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch
yum-plugin-security-1.1.30-37.el6.noarch
yum-3.2.29-75.el6.centos.noarch
yum-rhn-plugin-0.9.1-43.el6.noarch
2.刪除原有的yum
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep yum |xargs rpm -e --nodeps
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep yum
3.下載需要的安裝包
python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
yum-3.2.29-81.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch.rpm
yum-utils-1.1.30-40.el6.noarch.rpm
4.安裝rpm包
[root@localhost soft]# rpm -ivh --force python-urlgrabber-3.9.1-11.el6.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost soft]# rpm -ivh yum-*.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /yum
上傳鏡像到/yum目錄下面，並且配置yum源
[root@localhost soft]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi redhat.repo
[base]
name=RedHat
baseurl=file:///yum
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum repolist
Nginx代理HA集羣的配置
1.在兩臺機器上分別安裝keepalived,做nginx代理的HA集羣。
主機安裝keepalived
[root@localhost soft]# tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
[root@localhost soft]# cd keepalived-1.2.7
[root@localhost keepalived-1.2.7]# yum -y install popt-devel
[root@localhost keepalived-1.2.7]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived/
[root@localhost keepalived-1.2.7]# make
[root@localhost keepalived-1.2.7]# make install
[root@localhost keepalived-1.2.7]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
[root@localhost keepalived-1.2.7]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
[root@localhost keepalived-1.2.7]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
[root@localhost keepalived-1.2.7]# mkdir /etc/keepalived
[root@localhost keepalived-1.2.7]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
[root@localhost keepalived-1.2.7]# cd /etc/keepalived/
[root@localhost keepalived-1.2.7]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 192.168.200.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER （主的身份）
interface eth0 （主的網卡接口）
virtual_router_id 51
mcast_src_ip 192.168.0.111 （主的IP地址）
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.114
}
}
備機安裝keepalived
安裝過程一致如上，配置文件如下
[root@localhost keepalived]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 192.168.200.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state SLAVER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
mcast_src_ip 192.168.0.112
priority 90
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.114
}
}
2.兩臺機器上啓動keepalived服務
[root@localhost ~]# service keepalived restart
3.在主機上查看是否有虛擬IP地址
4.監控和主備切換
編寫腳本
[root@localhost ~]# cat nginx_check.sh
#!/bin/bash
a=`ps -C nginx --no-header | wc -l`
if [ $a -eq 0 ];then
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx &> /dev/null
sleep 3
if [ `ps -C nginx --no-header | wc -l` -eq 0 ];then
service keepalived stop &> /dev/null
fi
fi
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /root/nginx_check.sh
腳本寫好後，現在到keepalived的配置文件中調用腳本
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 192.168.200.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script check_nginx_status {
script "/root/nginx_check.sh"
interval 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
mcast_src_ip 192.168.0.111
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
check_nginx_status
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.114
}
}
Lvs負載均衡
1.在主機器上安裝ipvsadm
[root@bogon ~]# yum -y install ipvsadm
2.使用keepalived來管理lvs
[root@bogon ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
}
notification_email_from [email protected]
smtp_server 192.168.200.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_script check_nginx_status {
script "/root/nginx_check.sh"
interval 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
check_nginx_status
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.114
}
}
virtual_server 192.168.0.114 80 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo rr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.0.111 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
real_server 192.168.0.112 80 {
weight 1
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 3
nb_get_retry 3
delay_before_retry 3
}
}
}
3.編寫lvs管理腳本
[root@bogon ~]# cat lvs_keepd.sh
#!/bin/sh
#description:start realserver
vip=192.168.0.114
source /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
case "$1" in
start)
echo "start server"
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 $vip broadcast $vip netmask 255.255.255.255 up
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
;;
stop)
echo "stop server"
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0 down
echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 (start | stop)"
exit 1
esac
exit 0
4.啓動腳本
[root@bogon ~]# bash /root/lvs_keepd.sh start
5.測試lvs是否啓動
[root@bogon ~]# ipvsadm -ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
-> RemoteAddress:Port Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP 192.168.0.114:80 rr persistent 50
-> 192.168.0.111:80 Local 1 1 0
-> 192.168.0.112:80 Route 1 0 0
備機上操作也是一樣