一、安裝準備
- MySQL官網 https://www.mysql.com/
- MySQL下載頁 https://dev.mysql.com/downloa...
二、下載MySQL
在MySQL下載頁，選擇MySQL的版本。
- 選擇版本 MySQL Community Server 5.7.23
- 選擇 Source Code
- 選擇 Generic Linux (Architecture Independent)
- 選擇帶boost版本的 mysql-boost-5.7.23.tar.gz
- 複製鏈接地址
下載MySQL
yum -y install wget
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-boost-5.7.23.tar.gz三、環境依賴
源碼方式安裝MySQL所需的環境依賴：
- cmake
- make
- gcc
- gcc-c++
- bison
- ncurses
- ncurses-devel（devel是開發版本）
yum -y install cmake make gcc gcc-c++ bison ncurses ncurses-devel四、安裝MySQL
1. 解壓mysql包
tar -zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.23.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.7.23/2. 創建編譯目錄
mkdir configure
cd configure3. 生成編譯環境
cmake .. -DWITH_BOOST=../boost/boost_1_59_0/ -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=OFF結果：
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /root/mysql-5.7.23/configure可能遇到的問題：
- 問題1
MySQL currently requires boost_1_59_0...解決：因爲下載的帶boost的版本，只需指定正確的 -DWITH_BOOST 參數即可，如下
-DWITH_BOOST=../boost/boost_1_59_0/如果是不帶boost的版本，需要自己下載，並移動至解壓的mysql-5.7.23目錄下，在生成編譯文件時，指定正確的 -DWITH_BOOST 參數即可
wget https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz/download
tar -zxvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
mv boost_1_59_0 mysql-5.7.23或者指定cmake參數，系統會自己下載
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST - 問題2
make[2]: *** [libmysqld/examples/mysql_client_test_embedded] 錯誤 1
make[1]: *** [libmysqld/examples/CMakeFiles/mysql_client_test_embedded.dir/all] 錯誤 2解決：添加以下參數
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=OFF4. 編譯安裝
整個過程可能需要點時間，耐心等待。
make && make install5. 創建mysql用戶組和用戶
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql6. 設置權限
MySQL的安裝目錄爲 /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql7. 初始化數據庫
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
2018-07-29T19:09:18.304497Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-07-29T19:09:18.536280Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-07-29T19:09:18.586523Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-07-29T19:09:18.649604Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: e49ee151-9362-11e8-ab75-08002739fe2b.
2018-07-29T19:09:18.653045Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-07-29T19:09:18.653886Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: A,uNFfDrd1yd結果：生成了一個臨時密碼，這個要記錄下來。同時有個警告
TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated。解決：
vim /etc/my.cnf編輯配置文件，然後將 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true 寫入其中。
8. 將mysql加入系統服務
cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files
cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig --add mysql # 加入系統服務
chkconfig mysql on # 開機啓動9. 嘗試開啓MySQL服務
service mysql start遇到問題，如下：
Starting MySQL.2018-07-30T01:14:39.000931Z mysqld_safe error: log-error set to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log', however file don't exists. Create writable for user 'mysql'.
ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/var/lib/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid).解決：創建該文件即可
mkdir /var/log/mariadb
touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log再次開啓mysql服務
[root@localhost support-files]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!服務開啓成功了!
10. 登錄mysql
[root@localhost support-files]# mysql -u root -p
-bash: mysql: 未找到命令解決未找到命令問題
創建軟鏈接
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/local/bin結果：
[root@localhost ~]# ll -a /usr/local/bin
總用量 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 19 7月 30 16:36 .
drwxr-xr-x. 15 root root 169 7月 30 02:58 ..
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 26 7月 30 16:36 mysql -> /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql再次登錄：
遇到問題
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)解決方法
查找 mysql.sock 文件，發現存在於 /var/lib/mysql/ 目錄下。
[root@localhost ~]# find / -name 'mysql.sock'
/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock再查看配置文件 my.cnf
[mysqld]
2 datadir=/var/lib/mysql
3 socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
4 explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true從配置文件看出socket值爲 /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock，那麼可以創建軟鏈接到 /tmp/mysql.sock
ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock重新登錄mysql
如果在初始化數據庫時，沒有記錄生成的臨時密碼，那就得“暴力破解”了。
首先，關閉mysql服務
service mysql stop接着，修改/etc/my.cnf，添加skip-grant-tables，如下
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
skip-grant-tables然後，免密登錄並修改登錄密碼
mysql
# 設置賬戶密碼並退出
update user set authentication_string=password('PASSWORD') where user='root';
flush privileges;最後，將/etc/my.cnf中的skip-grant-tables刪除或註釋掉。
重啓服務，使用密碼登錄
[root@localhost support-files]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.23
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>提示重置自動生成的密碼：
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.修改root用戶的密碼
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)或者
mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('123123');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)重新登錄MySQL
mysql> exit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.23 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>操作數據庫
show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>五、總結
好記性不如爛筆頭，得養成記錄的習慣了。