磁盤檢驗
fsck,badblocks
[root@xuhui ~]# fsck -f /dev/sda7 fsck from util-linux-ng 2.17.2 e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) /dev/sda7 is mounted. e2fsck: Cannot continue, aborting.
[root@xuhui ~]# badblocks -sv /dev/sda5 Checking blocks 0 to 2097151 Checking for bad blocks (read-only test): done Pass completed, 0 bad blocks found.
2.fdisk創建磁盤分區
主分區，擴展分區，邏輯分區的概念
fdisk /dev/sda
常用參數：
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
t change a partition's system id
w write table to disk and exit
使用n新增分區，p打印分區，w保存分區，d刪除分區，保存後使用partprobe完成，虛擬機環境還是需要重新啓動系統來使分區生效。
格式化分區，mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda6
掛載mount /dev/sda6 /mnt
爲了保證每次開機都可以自動重新掛載，須將相關信息寫入/etc/fstab中。
[root@xuhui ~]# vim /etc/fstab # # /etc/fstab # Created by anaconda on Tue Apr 5 10:56:45 2016 # # Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk' # See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info # UUID=bbfe4e63-7042-43eb-ac33-cd09b896a1b0 / ext4 defaults 1 1 UUID=aa7b074a-5dfc-4667-bbcd-547f334d7fee /boot ext4 defaults 1 2 UUID=ff5706bd-e2bc-4f0a-a56b-671c7a7a5790 /home ext4 defaults,usrquota,grpquota 1 2 UUID=951faf97-4225-4a4c-9fe3-aa34d52d2c97 swap swap defaults 0 0 tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0 proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 /dev/sda7 /mnt ext4 defaults 0 0
mount相關命令
mount -o remount,rw /mnt
mount -o remount,ro /mnt
mount -o remount,noexec /mnt
mount -o remount,exec /mnt
umount取消掛載
增加swap分區
（1）增加分區，並將分區mkswap格式化爲swap，swapon激活swap分區
（2）dd if=/dev/zero of=file bs=1M count=100
mkswap file
swapon file
swapoff file
cat /proc/swaps查看所有swap
[root@xuhui ~]# cat /proc/swaps Filename Type Size Used Priority /dev/sda5 partition 2097144 0 -1