RHCE之HTTPD+FTP+KickStart發佈鏡像,用於KVM的VM自動安裝過程

最近在學習RHCE課程,上一篇簡單的講一下如何用HTTP來作爲KVM的VM網絡安裝過程,請閱讀:http://gshao.blog.51cto.com/3512873/1882093

今天講到FTP+HTTP+KickStart發佈,當然還有PXE安裝RHEL(後續講)。

環境:

虛擬宿主機:RHEL 7.0

硬件:4vCPU+8G+40Gdisk

IP地址:172.16.38.10

vnet ip地址:192.168.100.1

先截圖上一篇裝完rhel系統的樣子:

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迴歸到正文,今天講HTTPD+FTP+KickStart發佈鏡像。

1.先安裝httpd服務,由於我們上一篇已安裝,我們先確保httpd服務能正常啓動,並測試web服務器的dvd目錄是否正常訪問;

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status httpd   #查看HTPPD服務狀態

httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server    
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled)    
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2016-12-12 21:56:18 CST; 21h ago    
Main PID: 14615 (httpd)    
   Status: "Total requests: 698; Current requests/sec: 0; Current traffic:   0 B/sec"    
   CGroup: /system.slice/httpd.service    
           ├─14615 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND    
           ├─14616 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND    
           ├─14617 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND    
           ├─14618 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND    
           ├─14619 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND    
           ├─14620 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND    
           ├─14881 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND    
           ├─14933 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND    
           ├─14934 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND    
           └─14935 /usr/sbin/httpd -DFOREGROUND

Dec 12 21:56:18 localhost.localdomain httpd[14615]: AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably...e  
Dec 12 21:56:18 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.    
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

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別記錯哦,這裏是對外的ip地址,不是對內的vnet ip地址;

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2.安裝FTP服務;

[root@localhost ~]# yum install vsftpd -y  #安裝vsftpd服務

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3.啓動vsftpd服務,啓用vsftpd服務,測試ftp是否可以正常訪問;

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start vsftpd   #啓動vsftpd服務
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable vsftpd    #啓用vsftpd服務

ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/vsftpd.service'    
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status vsftpd    
vsftpd.service - Vsftpd ftp daemon    
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/vsftpd.service; enabled)    
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2016-12-13 19:41:51 CST; 21s ago    
Main PID: 48905 (vsftpd)    
   CGroup: /system.slice/vsftpd.service    
           └─48905 /usr/sbin/vsftpd /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf

Dec 13 19:41:51 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Vsftpd ftp daemon...  
Dec 13 19:41:51 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Vsftpd ftp daemon.    
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4.安裝KickStart服務;

[root@localhost ~]# yum install system-config-k    #安裝KickStart服務

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5.啓動Kickstart配置文件控制面板;

[root@localhost ~]# system-config-kickstart &   #啓動kickstart控制面板

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6.在Kickstart Configurator-Basic Configuration界面,配置Time Zone時間爲Asia/Shanghai,輸入Root Passowrd,勾選Reboot system after installation和Perform installation in text mode(grahical is default);

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7.在Kickstart Configurator-Installation Method,勾選Perform new installation,勾選HTTP,輸入HTTP Server地址:192.168.100.1,HTTP Diretory爲dvd/;

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8.在Kickstart Configurator-Boot Loader Options,勾選install new boot loader,勾選Install boot loader on Master Boot Record(MBR);

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9.在Kickstart Configurator-Partition Information,勾選Clear Master Boot Record,勾選Remove all existing partitions,勾選Initialize the disk label,Add swap和/分區,並分配空間;

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10.在Kickstart Configurator-Network Configuration,點擊Add Network Device,輸入Network Device名,配置Network Type爲DHCP;

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11.在Kickstart Configurator-Firewall Configuration,配置SELinux爲Warn,配置Security level爲Disable firewall;

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12.其他部分保持默認,如果你要添加shell,可以在Pre-Installation Script或者Post-Installation Script添加對應的shell腳本

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13.點擊File-Save;

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14.因爲我們之前搭建vsftp服務,我們直接存放在/var/ftp/pub裏面;

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15.補充一點,Package Selection默認在Kickstart配置器是不能勾選的;

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16.我們可以通過在/root目錄有個anaconda-ks.cfg,這個也是Kickstart配置文件,進行將Package Selection的部分內容複製到我們剛纔製作的ks.cfg配置文件中;

[root@localhost ~]# ll    #查看/root目錄下的文件和目錄信息

total 8    
-rw-------. 1 root root 1039 Dec 13 05:26 anaconda-ks.cfg    
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 Dec 12 21:29 Desktop    
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 Dec 12 21:29 Documents    
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 Dec 12 21:29 Downloads    
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1090 Dec 12 21:27 initial-setup-ks.cfg    
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 Dec 12 21:29 Music    
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 Dec 12 21:29 Pictures    
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 Dec 12 21:29 Public    
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 Dec 12 21:29 Templates    
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root    6 Dec 12 21:29 Videos

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[root@localhost ~]# vim anaconda-ks.cfg    #編輯anaconda-ks.cfg配置文件

#version=RHEL7  
# System authorization information    
auth --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512

# Use CDROM installation media  
cdrom    
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot    
firstboot --enable    
ignoredisk --only-use=sda    
# Keyboard layouts    
keyboard --vckeymap=us --xlayouts='us'    
# System language    
lang en_US.UTF-8

# Network information  
network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eno16777736 --onboot=off --ipv6=auto    
network  --hostname=localhost.localdomain    
# Root password    
rootpw --iscrypted $6$ut0phHAB7rUmESNG$zaX4Uy86lOmzJYkIoBWeY4Baq.W0.7qoe8PakPZAyH/Gmmb9im0rx9GpR8hWv3aV9Axq9dRq8Y.C7Hj6fbiCg/    
# System timezone    
timezone America/New_York --isUtc    
# X Window System configuration information    
xconfig  --startxonboot    
# System bootloader configuration    
bootloader --location=mbr --boot-drive=sda    
autopart --type=lvm    
# Partition clearing information    
clearpart --none --initlabel

%packages  
@base    
@core    
@desktop-debugging    
@dial-up    
@fonts    
@gnome-desktop    
@guest-agents    
@guest-desktop-agents    
@input-methods    
@internet-browser    
@multimedia    
@print-client    
@x11

%end  

我們將這部分複製出來,張貼到ks.cfg配置文件;

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[root@localhost ~]# vim /var/ftp/pub/ks.cfg    #編輯ks.cfg配置文件

#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T  
#version=DEVEL    
# Install OS instead of upgrade    
install    
# Keyboard layouts    
keyboard 'us'# Reboot after installation    
text    
firstboot --disable    
# SELinux configuration    
selinux --permissive

# System bootloader configuration  
bootloader --location=mbr    
# Clear the Master Boot Record    
zerombr    
# Partition clearing information    
clearpart --all --initlabel    
# Disk partitioning information    
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=1024    
part / --fstype="xfs" --size=5000

%packages  
@base    
@core

%end

在這裏的意思,就是最小安裝模式;

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然後我們保存並退出;

17.啓動virt-manager界面;

[root@localhost ~]# virt-manager    #啓動virt-manager界面

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18.在Virtual Machine Manager,點擊New,輸入Name,勾選Network Install(HTTP,FTP,or NFS),點擊Forward;

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19.在New VM第二部,輸入URL:http://192.168.100.1/dvd,配置KickStart URL:ftp://192.168.100.1/pub/ks.cfg,點擊Forward;

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20.在New VM第三步,點擊Forward;

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21.在New VM第四步,點擊Forward;

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22.在New VM第五步,點擊Finish;

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23.看到這個界面,表示KickStart配置文件沒問題,可以自動化安裝vm;

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