Spring事務配置的五種方式

http://jie2workjava.iteye.com/blog/446250

Spring事務配置的五種方式 
    前段時間對Spring的事務配置做了比較深入的研究，在此之間對Spring的事務配置雖說也配置過，但是一直沒有一個清楚的認識。通過這次的學習發覺Spring的事務配置只要把思路理清，還是比較好掌握的。 

    總結如下： 

    Spring配置文件中關於事務配置總是由三個組成部分，分別是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理機制這三部分，無論哪種配置方式，一般變化的只是代理機制這部分。 

    DataSource、TransactionManager這兩部分只是會根據數據訪問方式有所變化，比如使用Hibernate進行數據訪問時，DataSource實際爲SessionFactory，TransactionManager的實現爲HibernateTransactionManager。 

    具體如下圖： 

 根據代理機制的不同，總結了五種Spring事務的配置方式，配置文件如下：

    第一種方式：每個Bean都有一個代理

Java代碼  

<bean id="sessionFactory"
           class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
       <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
       <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
   </bean>

   <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
   <bean id="transactionManager"
       class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
       <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>

   <!-- 配置DAO -->
   <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
       <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>

   <bean id="userDao"
       class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
          <!-- 配置事務管理器 -->
          <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
       <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
        <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
       <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->
       <property name="transactionAttributes">
           <props>
               <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
           </props>
       </property>
   </bean>
lt;/beans>

[java] view plaincopy

<bean id="sessionFactory"
           class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
       <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
       <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
   </bean>

   <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
   <bean id="transactionManager"
       class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
       <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>

   <!-- 配置DAO -->
   <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
       <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>

   <bean id="userDao"
       class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
          <!-- 配置事務管理器 -->
          <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
       <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
        <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
       <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->
       <property name="transactionAttributes">
           <props>
               <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
           </props>
       </property>
   </bean>
lt;/beans>

 第二種方式：所有Bean共享一個代理基類

Java代碼  

<bean id="sessionFactory"
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="transactionBase"
            class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
            lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
        <!-- 配置事務管理器 -->
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
        <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->
        <property name="transactionAttributes">
            <props>
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置DAO -->
    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >
        <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
    </bean>
</beans>

[java] view plaincopy

<bean id="sessionFactory"
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="transactionBase"
            class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
            lazy-init="true" abstract="true">
        <!-- 配置事務管理器 -->
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
        <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->
        <property name="transactionAttributes">
            <props>
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置DAO -->
    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >
        <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />
    </bean>
</beans>

 

 

第三種方式：使用攔截器

Java代碼  

<bean id="sessionFactory"
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="transactionInterceptor"
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
        <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->
        <property name="transactionAttributes">
            <props>
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
        <property name="beanNames">
            <list>
                <value>*Dao</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="interceptorNames">
            <list>
                <value>transactionInterceptor</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置DAO -->
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
</beans>

[java] view plaincopy

<bean id="sessionFactory"
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="transactionInterceptor"
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />
        <!-- 配置事務屬性 -->
        <property name="transactionAttributes">
            <props>
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
        <property name="beanNames">
            <list>
                <value>*Dao</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="interceptorNames">
            <list>
                <value>transactionInterceptor</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置DAO -->
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>
</beans>

 

 

第四種方式：使用tx標籤配置的攔截器

Java代碼  

<context:annotation-config />
   <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

   <bean id="sessionFactory"
           class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
       <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
       <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
   </bean>

   <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
   <bean id="transactionManager"
       class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
       <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>

   <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
       <tx:attributes>
           <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
       </tx:attributes>
   </tx:advice>

   <aop:config>
       <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"
           expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
       <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"
           pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />
   </aop:config>
lt;/beans>

[java] view plaincopy

<context:annotation-config />
   <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

   <bean id="sessionFactory"
           class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
       <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
       <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
   </bean>

   <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
   <bean id="transactionManager"
       class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
       <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>

   <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
       <tx:attributes>
           <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />
       </tx:attributes>
   </tx:advice>

   <aop:config>
       <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"
           expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
       <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"
           pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />
   </aop:config>
lt;/beans>

 

 

第五種方式：全註解

Java代碼  

<context:annotation-config />
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

    <bean id="sessionFactory"
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

</beans>

[java] view plaincopy

<context:annotation-config />
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

    <bean id="sessionFactory"
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 定義事務管理器（聲明式的事務） -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
    </bean>

</beans>

 

此時在DAO上需加上@Transactional註解，如下：

Java代碼  

package com.bluesky.spring.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;

@Transactional
@Component("userDao")
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {

    public List<User> listUsers() {
        return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();
    }


}