一、mysql 5.7 安裝
--------------------------安裝mysql編譯環境--------------------------------------
yum -y install \
ncurses \
ncurses-devel \
bison \
cmake
--------------------------安裝mysql壓縮包--------------------------------------
useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
tar zxvf mysql-5.7.17.tar.gz -C /opt/
tar zxvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
cd /usr/local/
mv boost_1_59_0 boost
--------------------------mysql編譯安裝--------------------------------------
cd mysql-5.7.17/
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1
------注意：如果在CMAKE的過程中有報錯，當報錯解決後，需要把源碼目錄中的CMakeCache.txt文件刪除，然後再重新CMAKE，否則錯誤依舊------------
make && make install
chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/
---------------------------修改mysql配置文件--------------------------------
vi /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysql]
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
server-id = 1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES
----------------------------------------修改環境變量-----------------------
chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
echo 'PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
echo 'export PATH' >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
------------------------------------數據初始化------------------------------------
cd /usr/local/mysql/
bin/mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
-----------------------------------------啓動服務----------------------------------
cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start mysqld
netstat -anpt | grep 3306
systemctl enable mysqld
mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123" //給root賬號設置密碼爲abc123提示輸入的是原始密碼。
mysql -u root -p
------------------------授權遠程登錄-------------------------------------
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123' with grant option;
二、mysql數據庫基本操作
--------------------------庫----------------------------
//創建數據庫 create database Myschool;
//查看數據庫 show databases;
//刪除數據庫 drop database Myschool;
//進入數據庫 use Myschool;
---------------------------表---------------------------
//創建表 create table info (id int not null primary key auto_increment,name char(10) not null, score decimal(5,2),hobby int(2));
//刪除表 drop table info;
//查看錶結構 desc info;
//查看Mycshool中的表 show tables;
//修改數據表名 alter table info rename to info7;
//多表查詢 select * from info inner join hob where info.hobby=hob.id;
select info.name,ifo.score.hob.hobname from info inner join hob where info.hobby=hob.id;
//別名查詢 select i.name,i.score.h.hobname from info i inner join hob h where i.hobby=h.id;
//查詢生成新表 create table info2 select i.name,i.score.h.hobname from info i inner join hob h where i.hobby=h.id;
----------------------數據---------------------------
//查看info表中的數據 select * from info；
//插入數據 insert into info （id,name,score） values (5,'tianqi',80)；
//篩選 條件 select * from info where id=6；
//修改更新信息 update info set score=75 where id=6;
//刪除信息 delete from info where name='test';
//添加字段 alter table info add hobby int(2);
//修改列名 alter table info rename column score to score2;
//修改字段的數據類型 alter table info modify score decimal(4,1);
//排序（升序/降序）select * from info where 1=1 order by score; 默認升序
select * from info where 1=1 order by score asc; 升序
select * from info where 1=1 order by score desc; 降序
//分組 select * from info group by hobby
//聚合函數
統計 count（） 例：select count（*） from info2;
平均值 avg（） 例：select avg（score）from info2;
三、mysql索引與事務
索引創建方法：create index 索引名字 on 列的列表
例：create index id_index on info(id);
查詢索引：show index from info; show index from info \G;
刪除索引：drop index id_index on info;
創建唯一索引：create unique index id_index on info(id);
創建主鍵索引：alter table info add primary key(id);
添加字段： alter table info add column age int;
刪除字段：alter table info drop column age;
創建全文索引：create table info(descript TEXT,FULLTEXT(descript))； engine=MyISAM
多列索引：create index multi_index on info(name,adress)；
事務：一組操作共同執行或者都不執行，結果保持一致；
begin 開始 set autocommit=0 :禁止自動提交
commit 提交
rollback 回滾
savepoint s1; 定義回滾點
rollback to savepoint s1; 回滾到定義的回滾點
事務四個特性：
原子性，一致性，隔離性，持久性
視圖 數據庫中的虛擬表
作用： 一張表或者多表中的數據給不同的權限用戶提供訪問
create view score_view as select * from info where score > 80;
四、用戶管理
創建
create user ‘username’@‘host’ identified by 'passwd'
grant 權限 on 數據庫.表 to 用戶@主機 identified by 密碼
查看
select user,authentication_string,host from user;
刪除
drop user 'lisi'@'localhost';
重命名
rename user 'zhangsan'@'localhost' to 'test'@'192.168.218.130';
密碼明文轉化成密文
select password('abc123');
create user ‘username’@‘host’ identified by password '*6691484EA6B50DDDE1926A220DA01FA9E575C18A';
更改用戶密碼
set password for 'test'@'192.168.218.130' = password('abc123');
忘記密碼（5.7）
systemctl stop mysqld
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
skip-grant-tables
systemctl start mysqld
mysql
update mysql.user set authentication_string = password('abc123') where user = 'root';
賦權
grant 權限 on 數據庫.表 to 用戶@主機 identified by 密碼；
撤銷權限
revoke 權限 on 數據庫.表 from 用戶@主機；
查看權限
show grants for 用戶@主機;
日誌管理
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql_error.log #錯誤日誌
general_log=ON #通用日誌
general_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql_general.log
log_bin=mysql-bin #二進制日誌（記錄所有操作）
查看二進制文件
mysqlbinlog --no-defaults mysql-bin.00001
慢日誌
slow_query_log=ON
slow_query_log_file=mysql-slow_query.log
long_query_time=1 #參照時間