參考網站：
區別
在寫英語論文的時候會遇到“數據集”這一詞語，一些英文論文使用dataset，還有一些使用的data set。採用data set的佔多數。查閱了一下二者的區別，找到了一個網站，上面有一些解釋：
dataset for certain datasets; data set for any set for data in general. In specific contexts, a dataset needs to satisfy conditions to qualify as a dataset. Any set of any data can be called a data set, unqualified.；
也就是說dataset指的是某一特定的數據集，是一種特指；而data set是一種泛指，可以是任意的數據集。
I note that googling the NIPS website that contains many academic papers with datasets I find that “data set” reports 1.890 results and “dataset” 2.660 results. The same pattern is seen for plural (datasets/data sets). I would suggest using “dataset”；
使用谷歌搜索二者，在學術性論文中有1890篇採用的data set，而2660篇採用的dataset。因此，建議使用dataset。（而我看得相關領域的內容，採用data set的佔多數，所以可能還是跟研究領域有關係吧）
dataset does not appear in any dictionaries. However, there are 172 incidences in the Corpus of Contemporary American English, and all but a handful are in the “academic” section, representing formal academic writing. Its lack of appearance in dictionaries is probably because it is a fairly new coinage, the two examples from the Corpus of Historical American English are from 2001. Nothing from before then. Interestingly, the British National Corpus has 51 incidences, dating from the 1980s to the mid 1990s.
dataset未出現在任何詞典中。然而，在當代美國英語語料庫中有172例，大部分都出現在“學術”部分，這意味着dataset是一種正式的學術寫作。它之所以沒有出現在詞典中，可能是因爲它是一種新創詞語。而從2001年起，美國曆史英語語料庫中出現了兩例。有趣的是，從20世紀80年代到90年代中期，英國國家語料庫共有51例。
Wiktionary says they are equivalent, but neither Merriam-Webster nor Dictionary.com has an entry.Given that information, I guess I would classify dataset as technical jargon, but it’s really not much of a jargon term. Any technical audience would have no problem with it; a non-technical audience should still easily understand its meaning.
Wiktionary說二者是等價的，但無論是Merriam Webster還是Dictionary.com都沒有記錄。根據這些信息，我想我會將dataset歸類爲行業術語，但實際上它並不是一個術語。任何一個行業從事者都可以明白dataset的含義，此外一個非行業從事者也是可以很容易就明白dataset的意思。
結論
dataset和data set均是可以的，只不過data set所指的數據集範圍更廣，而dataset則相對來說更窄一些。