MySQL用戶管理
1.創建用戶：grant命令
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' identified by '123456a';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
測試
[root@weix-01 mysql]# mysql -uuser1 -p123456a -h127.0.0.1
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.6.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'user1'@'localhost' identified by '123456a';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> quit
Bye
[root@weix-01 mysql]# mysql -uuser1 -p123456a
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.6.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
2.查看授權：
mysql> show grants;
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for user1@localhost |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'user1'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*B012E8731FF1DF44F3D8B26837708985278C3CED' |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> show grants for [email protected]
-> ;
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for [email protected] |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'user1'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*B012E8731FF1DF44F3D8B26837708985278C3CED' |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
常用mysql語句
1.查看一個表有多少行：
mysql> select count(*) from mysql.user;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
| 8 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
2.查看字段：
mysql> select * from mysql.db\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Host: %
Db: test
User:
Select_priv: Y
Insert_priv: Y
Update_priv: Y
Delete_priv: Y
Create_priv: Y
Drop_priv: Y
Grant_priv: N
References_priv: Y
Index_priv: Y
Alter_priv: Y
Create_tmp_table_priv: Y
Lock_tables_priv: Y
Create_view_priv: Y
Show_view_priv: Y
Create_routine_priv: Y
Alter_routine_priv: N
Execute_priv: N
Event_priv: Y
Trigger_priv: Y
*************************** 2. row ***************************
Host: %
Db: test\_%
User:
Select_priv: Y
Insert_priv: Y
Update_priv: Y
Delete_priv: Y
Create_priv: Y
Drop_priv: Y
Grant_priv: N
References_priv: Y
Index_priv: Y
Alter_priv: Y
Create_tmp_table_priv: Y
Lock_tables_priv: Y
Create_view_priv: Y
Show_view_priv: Y
Create_routine_priv: Y
Alter_routine_priv: N
Execute_priv: N
Event_priv: Y
Trigger_priv: Y
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
3.查看固定字段：
mysql> select db from mysql.db;
+---------+
| db |
+---------+
| test |
| test\_% |
+---------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>
mysql> select db,user from mysql.db;
+---------+------+
| db | user |
+---------+------+
| test | |
| test\_% | |
+---------+------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
4.模糊查詢：ip來源
mysql> select * from mysql.db where host like '127.0.%'\G;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
mysql> select * from mysql.db where host like '%'\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Host: %
Db: test
User:
Select_priv: Y
Insert_priv: Y
Update_priv: Y
Delete_priv: Y
Create_priv: Y
Drop_priv: Y
Grant_priv: N
References_priv: Y
Index_priv: Y
Alter_priv: Y
Create_tmp_table_priv: Y
Lock_tables_priv: Y
Create_view_priv: Y
Show_view_priv: Y
Create_routine_priv: Y
Alter_routine_priv: N
Execute_priv: N
Event_priv: Y
Trigger_priv: Y
*************************** 2. row ***************************
Host: %
Db: test\_%
User:
Select_priv: Y
Insert_priv: Y
Update_priv: Y
Delete_priv: Y
Create_priv: Y
Drop_priv: Y
Grant_priv: N
References_priv: Y
Index_priv: Y
Alter_priv: Y
Create_tmp_table_priv: Y
Lock_tables_priv: Y
Create_view_priv: Y
Show_view_priv: Y
Create_routine_priv: Y
Alter_routine_priv: N
Execute_priv: N
Event_priv: Y
Trigger_priv: Y
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified
5.插入數據：
mysql> desc db1.t1;
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(4) | YES | | NULL | |
| name | char(40) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+----------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from db1.t1;
Empty set (0.01 sec)
mysql> insert into db1.t1 values (1,'abc');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from db1.t1;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | abc |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
6.update：可用來修改
mysql> update db1.t1 set name='aaa' where id=1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from db1.t1;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | aaa |
+------+------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
7.清空一個表：結構不動
mysql> truncate db1.t1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> select * from db1.t1;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
8.把結構也刪除：
mysql> drop table t1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from db1.t1;
ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'db1.t1' doesn't exist
mysql> drop database db1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql數據庫備份恢復
1.備份庫：
[root@weix-01 mysql]# mysqldump -uroot -pwei914 mysql > /tmp/mysqlbak.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
2.恢復數據庫：可以恢復到指定庫
[root@weix-01 mysql]# mysql -uroot -pwei914 -e "create database mysql2"
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@weix-01 mysql]# mysql -uroot -pwei914 mysql2 < /tmp/mysqlbak.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@weix-01 mysql]# mysql -uroot -pwei914 mysql2
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 15
Server version: 5.6.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| mysql2 |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql2 |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv |
| db |
| event |
| func |
| general_log |
| help_category |
| help_keyword |
| help_relation |
| help_topic |
| innodb_index_stats |
| innodb_table_stats |
| ndb_binlog_index |
| plugin |
| proc |
| procs_priv |
| proxies_priv |
| servers |
| slave_master_info |
| slave_relay_log_info |
| slave_worker_info |
| slow_log |
| tables_priv |
| time_zone |
| time_zone_leap_second |
| time_zone_name |
| time_zone_transition |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user |
+---------------------------+
28 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv |
| db |
| event |
| func |
| general_log |
| help_category |
| help_keyword |
| help_relation |
| help_topic |
| innodb_index_stats |
| innodb_table_stats |
| ndb_binlog_index |
| plugin |
| proc |
| procs_priv |
| proxies_priv |
| servers |
| slave_master_info |
| slave_relay_log_info |
| slave_worker_info |
| slow_log |
| tables_priv |
| time_zone |
| time_zone_leap_second |
| time_zone_name |
| time_zone_transition |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user |
+---------------------------+
28 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3.備份表：
[root@weix-01 mysql]# mysqldump -uroot -pwei914 mysql user > /tmp/user.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
4.恢復表：恢復表時不用加表名字
[root@weix-01 mysql]# mysql -uroot -pwei914 mysql2 < /tmp/user.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
5.備份所有庫：-A
[root@weix-01 mysql]# mysqldump -uroot -pwei914 -A > /tmp/mysql_all.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
6.只備份表結構：-d
[root@weix-01 mysql]# mysqldump -uroot -pwei914 -d mysql2 > /tmp/mysql2.sql
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.