用apache搭建web服務器

 一。基於域名的虛擬主機

1，

[root@localhost ~]# uname -r
2.6.32-71.el6.i686

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.0 (Santiago)

2，安裝httpd

yum install httpd -y

3，編輯配置文件

vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

NameVirtualHost *:80將這一行的#去掉

<VirtualHost *:80> 複製這一行下面的7行 粘貼至最後（Y7Y P）
修改成爲
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin  [email protected] 管理員的郵箱
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html 發佈目錄
    ServerName www.test1.com 一個虛擬主機的域名
    （其餘均爲日誌，可以不要）
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin  [email protected]
    DocumentRoot /www/virtual 另一個虛擬主機的發佈目錄
    ServerName www.test2.com 另一個虛擬主機的域名
</VirtualHost>

[root@localhost virtual]# mkdir /www/virtual -p
[root@localhost virtual]# vi /www/virtual/index.html
www.test2.com

[root@localhost virtual]# vi /var/www/html/index.html
www.test1.com

[root@localhost virtual]# ll -Z /var/www/html/ 查看這個目錄的安全上下文
-rw-r--r--. root root unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 \
-rw-r--r--. root root unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 index.html

[root@localhost virtual]# chcon index.html -R -t httpd_sys_content_t /www  修改安全上下文

[root@localhost virtual]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart 重啓服務

WINDOW下

C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts用記事本打開，添加

192.168.1.12 www.test1.com

192.168.1.12 www.test2.com

LINUX下 vi /etc/hosts

 

192.168.1.12 www.test1.com

192.168.1.12 www.test2.com

測試：在瀏覽器重輸入www.test1.com會顯示虛擬機1的發佈目錄裏的東西

      在瀏覽器重輸入www.test2.com會顯示虛擬機2的發佈目錄裏的東西

 

二，用戶認證

在/www/virtual目錄下建secret目錄，在secret目錄下建index.html

 

[root@localhost ~]# vi /www/virtual/index.html
This  is a secret!

 

在發佈目錄爲、www/virtal的塊內的後面加上

 

<Directory /www/virtual/secret>
   authuserfile   /etc/httpd/conf/passwd
   authname  "secret"
   authtype    basic
   require   valid-user
   require  user 123
 </Directory>

這樣這個塊就變成了

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin  [email protected]
    DocumentRoot /www/virtual
    ServerName www.test2.com
   <Directory /www/virtual/secret>
    authuserfile   /etc/httpd/conf/passwd
    authname  "secret"
    authtype    basic
    require   valid-user
    require  user 123 用戶名
  </Directory>
</VirtualHost>

[root@localhost ~]# htpasswd -cm /etc/httpd/conf/passwd 123
給用戶設置密碼

 

[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart

在瀏覽器輸入http://www.test2.com/secret/

輸入用戶，密碼 訪問，若沒有權限，修改安全上下文

三。基於端口號的虛擬主機

因爲在/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 裏包含 Include conf.d/*.conf,故在 /etc/httpd/conf.d目錄下

vim port.conf

 

[root@vm1 www]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/port.conf
Listen 81 開啓端口81
Listen 82  開啓82
<VirtualHost 192.168.122.11:81>
ServerName 81.qq.com   可以不要
ServerAdmin  [email protected]  省略日誌文件
DocumentRoot /www/virtual
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost 192.168.122.11:82 >
ServerName 81.qq.com
ServerAdmin  [email protected]
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
</VirtualHost>

[root@vm1 ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart
Stopping httpd:                                            [FAILED]
Starting httpd: Warning: DocumentRoot [/www/virtual] does not exist
(13)Permission denied: make_sock: could not bind to address [::]:81
(13)Permission denied: make_sock: could not bind to address 0.0.0.0:81
no listening sockets available, shutting down
Unable to open logs
                                                           [FAILED]

四。基於IP地址的虛擬主機

 

[root@vm1 www]# ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.122.111 netmask 255.255.255.0
[root@vm1 www]# ifconfig eth0:1 up  臨時添加子接口IP
[root@vm1 www]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
<VirtualHost 192.168.122.11:80>
    ServerAdmin [email protected]
    DocumentRoot /www/virtual
    ServerName 11.example.com
    ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log
    CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost 192.168.122.111:80>
    ServerAdmin [email protected]
    DocumentRoot /var/www/html
    ServerName 111.example.com
    ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log
    CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common
</VirtualHost>
重啓HTTP OK

cp ifconfig-eth0  ifconfig-eth0:1

vi ifconfig-eth0:1

DEVICE=eth0：1

IPADDR=192.168.122.111

重啓網卡即可  這是永久添加網卡