Django REST framework

第1章 簡介

Django rest framework 是一套基於django框架編寫restful風格API的組件

第2章 簡單瞭解下都有哪些特點

2.1serializers（序列化）

就是將複雜的數據結構json化，支持ORM和非ORM數據源的序列化

2.2authentication（身份認證）

快速實現支持auth1和auth2的方式的權限驗證

2.3request and response（請求與響應）

擴展了常規的HttpResquest和TemplateResponse

2.4viewset and routers（視圖和路由）

第3章 開始一個簡單的項目

3.1創建好Django項目後，修改settings文件

INSTALLED_APPS= [
    …….
    'rest_framework',
    'app',
]

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'restful',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': '123465',
        'HOST': 'local.dev',
        'PORT': '3306',
    }
}

 

3.2配置urls文件

from django.conf .urls import url, include


urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path(r'^test/', include('app.urls')),
]

3.3編寫model層：

from django.dbimport models

# Create your models here.
class Restful(models.Model):
    name= models.CharField(max_length=30)
    passwd = models.CharField(max_length=10)

    def__str__(self):
        returnself.name

3.4初始化數據庫

python manage.py makemigrations

python manage.py migrate

3.5編寫序列化模塊：

from rest_frameworkimport serializers
from .models import Restful

class RestfulSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    classMeta:
        model = Restful
        fields = ("id", "name", "passwd")

3.6編寫視圖views.py

from django.shortcutsimport render

# Create your views here.
from rest_framework import status, generics
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from .models import Restful
from .serializer import RestfulSerializer


class RestfulView(APIView):
    defget(self, request, format=None):
        data = Restful.objects.all()
        serializer = RestfulSerializer(data, many=True)
        returnResponse(serializer.data)

    defpost(self, request, format=None):
        serializer = RestfulSerializer(data=request.data)
        ifserializer.is_valid():
            serializer.save()
            returnResponse(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
        else:
            returnResponse(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

3.7編寫app路由urls.py：

from django.conf.urlsimport url
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^api/$', views.RestfulView.as_view(), name='restful'),
]

3.8進行測試：

插入數據：

➜  ~ curl -X POST http://localhost:8000/test/api/ -d "name=jiangby&passwd=123456"

{"id":1,"name":"jiangby","passwd":"123456"}%                                                                                                                                    

➜  ~ curl -X POST http://localhost:8000/test/api/ -d "name=test&passwd=123456"

{"id":2,"name":"test","passwd":"123456"}%

查看數據：