oracle 11g開啓歸檔模式及修改歸檔目錄 日誌滿
oracle 11g開啓歸檔模式及修改歸檔目錄
2011-06-28 22:29
在Oracle 11g,開啓archive log模式時,默認歸檔目錄爲db_recovery_file_dest指定。此參數在pfile/spfile中可以指定:
db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
更改歸檔模式
需要在mount狀態下,更改歸檔模式。
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup mount
ORACLE instance started.
--如果安裝多個庫,會報錯,找不到句柄
exit 再用管理員進入
Total System Global Area 1258291200 bytes
Fixed Size 1219160 bytes
Variable Size 318768552 bytes
Database Buffers 922746880 bytes
Redo Buffers 15556608 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database archivelog;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 15
Next log sequence to archive 17
Current log sequence 17
更改log_archive_dest_1參數可更改歸檔日誌目錄(pfile/spfile中參數db_recovery_file_dest指定的目錄將無效)
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/data/oracle/log1/archive_log'; 最後的目錄名稱需要爲archive_log!
Linux:alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/oracle/log/archive_log';
System altered.
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /data/oracle/log1/archive_log
Oldest online log sequence 26
Next log sequence to archive 28
Current log sequence 28
實際上從Oracle 10g開始,可以生成多份一樣的日誌,保存多個位置,以防不測,方法如下:
SQL>alter system set log_archive_dest_2='location=/data/oracle/log2/archive_log';
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination /data/oracle/log2/archive_log 只能看到最新設置的歸檔目錄。
Oldest online log sequence 30
Next log sequence to archive 32
Current log sequence 32
SQL> alter system archive log current;
更新一下
System altered.
SQL> select name from v$archived_log;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/data/oracle/log1/archive_log1_6637_737857592.dbf
/data/oracle/log2/archive_log1_6637_737857592.dbf
2rows selected.
未試 設置爲默認值
將log_archive_log設置爲默認值時,歸檔目錄將會變爲?/dbs/arch。
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='';
System altered.
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2=''
2 ; ;號最後敲入按回車
System altered.
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination?/dbs/arch
Oldest online log sequence 33
Next log sequence to archive 35
Current log sequence 35
SQL> shutdown immediate;
重啓數據庫後,歸檔目錄變回爲db_recovery_file_dest指定的目錄。
startup mount;
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 33
Next log sequence to archive 35
Current log sequence 35
修改日誌文件命名格式:
SQL> alter system set log_archive_max_processes = 5;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_format = "archive_%t_%s_%r.log" scope=spfile;
*****************************************************************************************************************
SQL>archive log list;
如果顯示爲ENABLE則表示已成功歸檔
或 SQL>select log_mode from v$database;
如果爲ARCHIVELOG則表示已成功歸檔
********************************************************************************
SQL> show parameter db_recovery
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest string /data/oracle/flash_recovery_area
db_recovery_file_dest_size big integer 4231m
可以修改db_recovery_file_dest_size參數的大小
SQL>alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=21474836480
Shutdown immediate;
Startup;
完成
以下未測試:
查看oracle數據庫是否歸檔和修改歸檔模式
http://wenku.baidu.com/view/862b79d1b14e852458fb57fb.htmlORACLE11G歸檔清理操作方式
http://wenku.baidu.com/view/9b65e47402768e9951e7386a.html
數據庫歸檔模式管理
http://wenku.baidu.com/view/d46089a1b0717fd5360cdc9a.html**http://baike.baidu.com/view/3431413.htm
兩種方法:
1、配置RMAN自動管理ARCHIVELOG。也可在RMAN中將數據備份到磁帶上,然後將過期的ARCHIVELOG刪除;
2、可以手工來處理,步驟如下
1)將/oracle下的相關ARCHIVELOG日誌文件移到別的文件系統下(保留一段時間的ARCHIVELOG日誌即可,其他的可移走,用系統命令mv移走)。然後打包、壓縮,備份到介質上,此時可將這些移出的文件刪除。注意:別在原來的/oracle打包了,否則空間佔滿了就有些麻煩了。
2)以oracle用戶登錄,執行rman target /。如有多個實例此時執行rman target 用戶名/密碼@實例名,進入rman
3)在rman中執行
RMAN>list archivelog all; /*列出所有的歸檔日誌文件
RMAN>crosscheck archivelog all; /*與物理歸檔日誌文件保持同步,之前移走了一部分文件,因此執行此命令後會在/oracle目錄下找不到的歸檔日誌標記爲expired
RMAN>list expired archivelog all; /*列出所有expired(過期)的歸檔日誌文件,此時你就可看到移走的歸檔日誌文件均被標記爲expired
RMAN>delete expired archivelog all; /*在oracle中刪除所有過期的expired文件
RMAN>list archivelog all; /*再列出所有的歸檔日誌文件,就可發現移走的日誌文件被刪掉了
RMAN>exit /*退出
http://hi.baidu.com/xyqq163/item/b16e73c32d705f25a0b50a97
oracle數據庫歸檔模式維護管理
一 設置爲歸檔方式
------------------------
01.1 sql> archive log list; #查看是不是歸檔方式
02.2 sql> alter system set log_archive_start=true scope=spfile; #啓用主動歸檔
03. sql> alter system set log_archive_dest='location=/oracle/ora9/oradata/arch' scope=spfile;
04. #設置歸檔路徑
05. sql> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/oracle/ora9/oradata/arch1' scope=spfile;
06. sql> alter system set log_archive_dest_2='location=/oracle/ora9/oradata/arch2' scope=spfile;
07. #如果歸檔到兩個位置,則可以通過上邊方法實現
08. sql> alter system set log_archive_format='arch_%d_%t_%r_%s.log' #設置歸檔日記款式
09.3 sql> shutdown immediate;
10.4 sql> startup mount; #打開控制文件,不打開數據文件
11.5 sql> alter database archivelog; #將數據庫切換爲歸檔模式
12.6 sql> alter database open; #將數據文件打開
13.7 sql> archive log list; #查看此時是否處於歸檔模式
14.8 查詢以確定數據庫位於archivelog模式中且歸檔過程正在運行
15.sql> select log_mode from v$database;
16.sql> select archiver from v$instance;
17.9 日誌切換
18.sql> alter system switch logfile;
19.10 這次日誌切換將歸檔寫到兩個目標地,
20. 1,即第二步的/oracle/ora9/oradata/arch1和/oracle/ora9/oradata/arch1,要是要對目錄確認
21.
22.在oracle情況中運行如下查詢:
23.sql> select name from v$archived_log;
24.而後在操作系統中確認查詢所列出的文件
二 設置非歸檔方式
------------------------------------------
01.1 sql> archive log list; #查看是否是歸檔方式
02.2 sql> alter system set log_archive_start=false scope=spfile; #禁用自動歸檔
03.3 sql> shutdown immediate;
04.4 sql> startup mount; #打開控制文件,不打開數據文件
05.5 sql> alter database noarchivelog; #將數據庫切換爲非歸檔模式
06.6 sql> alter database open; #將數據文件打開
07.7 sql> archive log list; #查看此時便處於非歸檔模式
日常維護常用語句:
1.查詢每日歸檔備份大小情況:
SELECT TRUNC(FIRST_TIME) "日期", TRUNC(SUM(BLOCKS*BLOCK_SIZE)/1024/1024/1024,2) "大小(GB/DAY)" FROM V$ARCHIVED_LOG GROUP BY TRUNC(FIRST_TIME) ORDER BY 1 DESC;
2.查看歸檔空間佔用情況:
select NAME,SPACE_LIMIT/1024/1024/1024,SPACE_USED/1024/1024/1024,NUMBER_OF_FILES from V$RECOVERY_FILE_DEST;
#查看大小單位爲Gb
1.查詢系統使用的是哪一組日誌文件:
select * from v$log;
2.查詢正在使用的組所對應的日誌文件:
select * from v$logfile;
3.強制日誌切換:
alter system switch logfile;
4.查詢歷史日誌:
select * from v$log_history;
5.查詢日誌的歸檔模式:
select dbid,name,created,log_mode from v$database;
6.查詢歸檔日誌的信息:
select recid,stamp,thread#,sequence#,name from v$archived_log;
7.增加與刪除日誌文件組
alter database add logfile group 1 ('/home1/oracle/oradata/ora8i/log1a.log'),'/home2/oracle/oradata/ora8i/log1b.log') size 100M;
alter database drop logfile group 1;
8.增加與刪除日誌成員
alter database add logfile member '/home1/oracle/oradata/ora8i/log1a.log' to group 1,'/home1/oracle/oradata/ora8i/log2a.log' to group 2;
alter database drop logfile member '/home1/oracle/oradata/ora8i/log1a.log' ;
9.日誌文件移動
alter database rename file '/home1/oracle/oradata/ora8i/log1a.log' to '/home2/oracle/oradata/ora8i/log1a.log';
執行該命令之前必須保證該日誌文件物理上已經移動到新目錄
10.清除日誌文件
alter database clear logfile '/home1/oracle/oradata/ora8i/log1a.log';
該命令不能用刪除組及組成員命令刪除日誌時使用
ORA-00257: archiver error. Connect internal only, until freed 錯誤的處理方法
1. 用sys用戶登錄
sqlplus sys/pass@tt as sysdba
2. 看看archiv log所在位置
SQL> show parameter log_archive_dest;
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
log_archive_dest string
log_archive_dest_1 string
log_archive_dest_10 string
3. 一般VALUE爲空時,可以用archive log list;檢查一下歸檔目錄和log sequence
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 360
Next log sequence to archive 360
Current log sequence 362
4. 檢查flash recovery area的使用情況,可以看見archivelog已經很大了,達到96.62
SQL> select * from V$FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA_USAGE;
FILE_TYPE PERCENT_SPACE_USED PERCENT_SPACE_RECLAIMABLE NUMBER_OF_FILES
------------ ------------------ ------------------------- ---------------
CONTROLFILE .13 0 1
ONLINELOG 2.93 0 3
ARCHIVELOG 96.62 0 141
BACKUPPIECE 0 0 0
IMAGECOPY 0 0 0
FLASHBACKLOG 0 0 0
5. 計算flash recovery area已經佔用的空間
SQL> select sum(percent_space_used)*3/100 from v$flash_recovery_area_usage;
SUM(PERCENT_SPACE_USED)*3/100
-----------------------------
2.9904
6. 找到recovery目錄, show parameter recover
SQL> show parameter recover;
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
db_recovery_file_dest string /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area
db_recovery_file_dest_size big integer 5G
recovery_parallelism integer 0
7 上述結果告訴我們,歸檔位置用的是默認值,放在flash_recovery_area下(db_recovery_file_dest目錄=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area)
[root@sha3 10.2.0]# echo $ORACLE_BASE
/u01/app/oracle
[root@sha3 10.2.0]# cd $ORACLE_BASE/flash_recovery_area/tt/archivelog
轉移或清除對應的歸檔日誌, 刪除一些不用的日期目錄的文件,注意保留最後幾個文件(比如360以後的)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
注意:
在刪除歸檔日誌後,必須用RMAN維護控制文件,否則空間顯示仍然不釋放。
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. rman target sys/pass
[root@sha3 oracle]# rman target sys/pass
Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Tue Jan 20 01:41:26 2009
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: tt (DBID=4147983671)
9. 檢查一些無用的archivelog
RMAN> crosscheck archivelog all;
10. 刪除過期的歸檔
RMAN> delete expired archivelog all;
delete archivelog until time 'sysdate-1' ; 刪除截止到前一天的所有archivelog
11. 再次查詢,發現使用率正常,已經降到23.03
SQL> select * from V$FLASH_RECOVERY_AREA_USAGE;
FILE_TYPE PERCENT_SPACE_USED PERCENT_SPACE_RECLAIMABLE NUMBER_OF_FILES
------------ ------------------ ------------------------- ---------------
CONTROLFILE .13 0 1
ONLINELOG 2.93 0 3
ARCHIVELOG 23.03 0 36
BACKUPPIECE 0 0 0
IMAGECOPY 0 0 0
FLASHBACKLOG 0 0 0
其它有用的Command:
----------------------------------
如果archive log模式下不能正常startup,則先恢復成noarchive log,startup成功後,再shutdown;
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
alter database noarchivelog;
alter database open;
shutdown immediate;
再次startup以archive log模式
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
show parameter log_archive_dest;
alter database archivelog;
archive log list;
alter database open;
如果還不行,則刪除一些archlog log
SQL> select group#,sequence# from v$log;
GROUP# SEQUENCE#
---------- ----------
1 62
3 64
2 63
原來是日誌組一的一個日誌不能歸檔
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 1;
alter database open;
最後,也可以指定位置Arch Log, 請按照如下配置
select name from v$datafile;
alter system set log_archive_dest='/opt/app/oracle/oradata/usagedb/arch' scope=spfile
或者修改大小
SQL> alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size=3G scope=both;