磁盤管理邏輯卷(LVM)
邏輯卷（Logical Volume）是由邏輯磁盤形成的虛擬盤，也可稱爲磁盤分區。
邏輯卷（lvm）允許對捲進行方便操作的抽象層，包括重新設定文件系統的大小 ，允許在多個物理設備間重新組織文件系統 ，將一個或多個底層設備組成一個邏輯設備的模塊 。物理卷創建邏輯卷是由物理區域（PE）組成。通關過交換PE來進行資料的轉換，將原來LV內的PE轉移到其他的 設備中以降低LV的容量，或將其他設備中的PE加到LV中以加大容量，彈性的更改文件了系統容量。
設備名：/dev/dm-#
軟鏈接：
/dev/mapper/VGname/LVname
/dev/mapper/vol0-root
/dev/VGname/LVname
/dev/vol0/root
查詢設備名或鏈接命令
ll /dev/dm* #查看lv2801邏輯卷名字
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 253, 0 Feb 24 09:35 /dev/dm-0
ll /dev/mapper/vgmagedu-lv2801 #查看lv2801邏輯卷名字
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Feb 24 09:31 /dev/mapper/vgmagedu-lv2801 -> ../dm-0
ll /dev/testvg/* #查看lv2801邏輯卷名字
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Feb 24 09:31 /dev/vgmagedu/lv2801 -> ../dm-0pv管理工具
顯示物理卷信息
pvscan 簡單查看創建pvcreate的信息
pvs 簡單查看創建pvcreate的信息
pvdisplay 詳細查看創建pvcreate的信息
[root@centos6 ~]#pvs -------> 簡單查看創建pvcreate的信息
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdp testvg lvm2 a--u 9.98g 9.98g
/dev/sdq testvg lvm2 a--u 10.98g 5.98g
[root@centos6 ~]#pvscan ------->簡單查看創建pvcreate的信息
PV /dev/sdq VG testvg lvm2 [10.98 GiB / 5.98 GiB free]
PV /dev/sdp VG testvg lvm2 [9.98 GiB / 9.98 GiB free]
Total: 2 [20.97 GiB] / in use: 2 [20.97 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]
[root@centos6 ~]#pvdisplay ------>詳細查看創建pvcreate的信息
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdq
VG Name testvg
PV Size 11.00 GiB / not usable 16.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 16.00 MiB
Total PE 703
Free PE 383
Allocated PE 320
PV UUID ZtmVQG-U43k-nEg8-ndK3-AOAO-3Uti-AC3HXO
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdp
VG Name testvg
PV Size 10.00 GiB / not usable 16.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 16.00 MiB
Total PE 639
Free PE 639
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID 2F7Jxh-4acs-2HX6-jGrh-S7f2-lnKo-Yfnc49創建物理卷
pvcreate /dev/sda9 // 在 硬盤頭部信息中添加成LVM格式
[root@centos6 ~]#pvcreate /dev/sdr ----->創建物理卷(pv)
Physical volume "/dev/sdr" successfully created
[root@centos6 ~]#pvs -------> 簡單查看創建pvcreate的信息
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb lvm2 ---- 2.00g 2.00g
/dev/sdp testvg lvm2 a--u 9.98g 9.98g
/dev/sdq testvg lvm2 a--u 10.98g 5.98g
/dev/sdr lvm2 ---- 512.00m 512.00m*刪除物理卷
pvremove /dev/sda9 /dev/md1 //刪除頭部的LVM格式信息即刪除物理卷pv
[root@centos6 ~]#pvremove /dev/sdr ---->刪除物理卷
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdr" successfully wiped
[root@centos6 ~]#pvs -------> 簡單查看創建pvcreate的信息
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb lvm2 ---- 2.00g 2.00g
/dev/sdp testvg lvm2 a--u 9.98g 9.98g
/dev/sdq testvg lvm2 a--u 10.98g 5.98g以二進制方式查看
hexdump -C -n 10240 /dev/sdq //以二進制方式查看硬盤前1024字節信息
[root@centos6 ~]#hexdump -C -n 1024 /dev/sdb
00000000 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
*
00000200 4c 41 42 45 4c 4f 4e 45 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |LABELONE........|
00000210 fe f1 4c 80 20 00 00 00 4c 56 4d 32 20 30 30 31 |..L. ...LVM2 001|
00000220 33 36 46 38 75 50 39 50 41 74 58 6c 67 6a 4d 65 |36F8uP9PAtXlgjMe|
00000230 74 52 44 71 33 35 32 43 6f 78 78 79 75 53 6a 43 |tRDq352CoxxyuSjC|
00000240 00 00 00 80 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000250 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000260 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000270 00 f0 0f 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000280 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
00000290 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................|
*
00000400vg管理工具
顯示卷組
vgs -------> 簡單查看邏輯卷組(vg)的信息
vgscan -------> 簡單查看邏輯卷組(vg)的信息
vgdisplay -------> 詳細查看邏輯卷組(vg)的信息
[root@centos6 ~]#vgs -------> 簡單查看邏輯卷組(vg)的信息
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
testvg 2 3 2 wz--n- 20.97g 15.97g
[root@centos6 ~]#vgscan -------> 簡單查看邏輯卷組(vg)的信息
Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while...
Found volume group "testvg" using metadata type lvm2
[root@centos6 ~]#vgdisplay -------> 詳細查看邏輯卷組(vg)的信息
--- Volume group ---
VG Name testvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 11
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 3
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 20.97 GiB
PE Size 16.00 MiB
Total PE 1342
Alloc PE / Size 320 / 5.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 1022 / 15.97 GiB
VG UUID ZTCj4I-vEja-SKe2-3EcL-Prme-iqLe-Cmix8v創建卷組
vgcreate vgmagedu /dev/sda9
vgcreate -s 16M 卷組名(vg) 磁盤 #指定PE大小爲16MB
[root@centos6 ~]#vgcreate vg1 /dev/sdr
Volume group "vg1" successfully created
[root@centos6 ~]#vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
testvg 2 3 2 wz--n- 20.97g 15.97g
vg1 1 0 0 wz--n- 508.00m 508.00m管理卷組()
**在vg裏添加額外的pv
vgextend testvg /dev/sdq //增加捲組大小
[root@centos6 ~]#vgextend vg1 /dev/sdq
Volume group "vg1" successfully extended
[root@centos6 ~]#vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg1 2 0 0 wz--n- 11.49g 11.49g**在vg內移除pv
語法:
vgreduce vg名 pv名
[root@centos6 ~]#vgreduce vg1 /dev/sdq
Removed "/dev/sdq" from volume group "vg1"
[root@centos6 ~]#vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg1 1 0 0 wz--n- 508.00m 508.00m刪除一個vg!卷組
語法:
vgremove 刪除卷組
先做pvmove，再做vgremove
[root@centos6 ~]#vgremove vg1
Volume group "vg1" successfully removed
[root@centos6 ~]#vgs
[root@centos6 ~]#修改卷組名
語法:
vgrename 源vg名 新vg名
[root@centos6 ~]#vgrename vg1 vg2
Volume group "vg1" successfully renamed to "vg2"
[root@centos6 ~]#vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg2 1 0 0 wz--n- 508.00m 508.00mvgreduce 卷組 分區 ---刪除卷組中的邏輯捲來縮小卷組大小，不可以刪除全部
將某個pv從vg中刪除，但該pv包含數據
pvmove 搬移PV中的資料(只限於同一VG中)
語法:
pvmove 源pv [目標pv]
1.pvmove /dev/sda9 [/dev/md1] //目標pv可以不添加
[root@centos7 123]# pvs //搬移數居前pv大小
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda6 vg5 lvm2 a-- 1020.00m 1020.00m
/dev/sdb vg5 lvm2 a-- <2.00g <1.51g
[root@centos7 3333]# pvmove /dev/sdb /dev/sda6 //搬移數據/dev/sdb 到/dev/sda6
/dev/sdb: Moved: 2.40%
/dev/sdb: Moved: 100.00%
[root@centos7 3333]# pvs //搬移數居後pv大小
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda6 vg5 lvm2 a-- 1020.00m 520.00m
/dev/sdb vg5 lvm2 a-- <2.00g <2.00g
2.vgreduce vgmagedu /dev/sda9 //刪除vg中的pv
3.pvremove /dev/sda9 //刪除pv跨主機遷移卷組
vgchange -an vgtest # -an 關掉不在激活
vgexport vgtest # 設置爲被導出狀態
vgimport vgtest #設置爲導入狀態
vgchange -ay #-ay 設置爲激活狀態lv管理工具
顯示邏輯卷
lvs -------> 簡單查看邏輯卷(lv)的信息
lvscan -------> 簡單查看邏輯卷(lv)的信息
Lvdisplay -------> 詳細查看邏輯卷(lv)的信息
[root@centos6 ~]#lvs -------> 簡單查看邏輯卷(lv)的信息
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv1 vg2 -wi-a----- 52.00m
[root@centos6 ~]#lvscan -------> 簡單查看邏輯卷(lv)的信息
ACTIVE '/dev/vg2/lv1' [52.00 MiB] inherit
[root@centos6 ~]#lvdisplay -------> 詳細查看邏輯卷(lv)的信息
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/vg2/lv1
LV Name lv1
VG Name vg2
LV UUID sKWovu-PhYU-2QeD-RZz5-UI5B-XsJY-iVI0cd
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time centos6.magedu.com, 2018-02-28 18:05:59 -0500
LV Status available
\# open 0
LV Size 52.00 MiB
Current LE 13
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0創建邏輯卷
lvcreate -L 55M -n lv2801 vgmagedu #-L 指定大小
lvcreate -l 10 -n lv2802 vgmagedu #指定PE 個數
lvcreate -l +100%FREE -n lv2803 vgmagedu #剩餘全部分配
[root@centos6 ~]#lvcreate -L 50M -n lv1 vg2
Rounding up size to full physical extent 52.00 MiB
Logical volume "lv1" created.
[root@centos6 ~]#lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv1 vg2 -wi-a----- 52.00m 增加邏輯卷lv容量
lvextend -L 200M /dev/vgmagedu/lv2801 -r減小邏輯卷lv容量
lvreduce -L 100M /dev/vgmage01/lv2801刪除一個邏輯卷lv
lvremove: lvremove /dev/VG_NAME/LV_NAME對邏輯卷lv進行容量大小的調整(增加|減小)
lvresize -L [-|+]100M /dev/vgmage01/lv2801查詢指定邏輯卷名字
ll /dev/dm* #查看lv2801邏輯卷名字
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 253, 0 Feb 24 09:35 /dev/dm-0
ll /dev/mapper/vgmagedu-lv2801 #查看lv2801邏輯卷名字
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Feb 24 09:31 /dev/mapper/vgmagedu-lv2801 -> ../dm-0
ll /dev/testvg/* #查看lv2801邏輯卷名字
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Feb 24 09:31 /dev/vgmagedu/lv2801 -> ../dm-0
格式化邏輯卷,創建文件系統
mkfs.ext4 /dev/vgmagedu/lv2801
掛載邏輯卷
mount /dev/vgmagedu/lv2801 /users/ 擴展和縮減邏輯卷
擴展邏輯卷
ext4文件系統
1，如果卷組空間不夠擴展需求，應先擴展卷組
vgextend vgmagedu /dev/md1 （如沒有可用pv，應該先創建pv)
lvextend /dev/vgmagedu/lv2801 -L 100M #擴展邏輯卷-L 100M 指定邏輯捐卷最終大小
lvextend /dev/vgmagedu/lv2801 -L +100M ##擴展邏輯卷-L +100M 指定邏輯捐卷大小再加100M
resize2fs /dev/vgmagedu/lv2801 #重製文件系統大小(可以不指定大小默認全部分配)
[root@centos6 ~]#vgs -->查看空間夠lv擴展
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg2 2 1 0 wz--n- 11.49g 10.42g
[root@centos6 ~]#lvs -->擴展前
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv1 vg2 -wi-ao---- 900.00m
[root@centos6 ~]#lvextend /dev/vg2/lv1 -L +200M --->擴展200M
Size of logical volume vg2/lv1 changed from 900.00 MiB (225 extents) to 1.07 GiB (275 extents).
Logical volume lv1 successfully resized.
[root@centos6 ~]#lvs -->擴展後
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv1 vg2 -wi-ao---- 1.07g
[root@centos6 ~]#resize2fs /dev/vg2 --->重製文件系統大小(可以不指定大小默認全部分配)
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
open: Is a directory while opening /dev/vg2
[root@centos6 ~]#resize2fs /dev/vg2/lv1
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/vg2/lv1 is mounted on /media; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 4, new_desc_blocks = 5
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/vg2/lv1 to 1126400 (1k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg2/lv1 is now 1126400 blocks long.
[root@centos6 ~]#df -h -->查看文件系統,擴展出來了
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20G 4.6G 15G 25% /
tmpfs 491M 72K 491M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3 20G 196M 19G 2% /app
/dev/sda1 190M 35M 146M 20% /boot
/dev/md127 991M 1.3M 939M 1% /backup
/dev/md5 2.0G 3.0M 1.9G 1% /mydata
/dev/md3 5.8G 12M 5.5G 1% /magedata
/dev/mapper/vg2-lv1 1.1G 2.2M 1007M 1% /media2，如果卷組空間足夠，直接擴展
lvextend -L 200M /dev/vgmagedu/lv2801 -r
（加上-r一步到位，即擴展邏輯卷，同時擴展文件系統大小）
[root@centos6 ~]#df ----->擴展前
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20511356 4745176 14717604 25% /
tmpfs 502056 72 501984 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3 20511356 200504 19262276 2% /app
/dev/sda1 194241 35157 148844 20% /boot
/dev/md127 1014680 1284 961020 1% /backup
/dev/md5 2029392 3072 1921568 1% /mydata
/dev/md3 6049536 12280 5723300 1% /magedata
/dev/mapper/vg2-lv1 47463 842 43959 2% /media
[root@centos6 ~]#lvextend /dev/vg2/lv1 -L 800M -r --->擴展 直接同步到文件系統中
Size of logical volume vg2/lv1 changed from 52.00 MiB (13 extents) to 800.00 MiB (200 extents).
Logical volume lv1 successfully resized.
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/vg2-lv1 is mounted on /media; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 4
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/vg2-lv1 to 819200 (1k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg2-lv1 is now 819200 blocks long.
[root@centos6 ~]#df --->擴展後
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20511356 4745184 14717596 25% /
tmpfs 502056 72 501984 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3 20511356 200504 19262276 2% /app
/dev/sda1 194241 35157 148844 20% /boot
/dev/md127 1014680 1284 961020 1% /backup
/dev/md5 2029392 3072 1921568 1% /mydata
/dev/md3 6049536 12280 5723300 1% /magedata
/dev/mapper/vg2-lv1 791053 2054 748300 1% /mediaxfs文件系統
對於xfs文件系統，也可直接在lvextend中直接用-r，一步到位，如果要分開操作，先擴展邏輯卷，再拉伸文件系統，則應該使用xfs_growfs如下
xfs_growfs /dev/vgmagedu/lv2801 //(加入後動態加入要需要使用xfs_growfs動態收縮磁盤)
原因是:
lv使用的系統是xfs，resize2fs 是針對 ext2/ext3/ext4 file system resizer，命令用在lvm中動態收縮磁盤。解決方法: 使用xfs_growfs 這個命令代替。減小邏輯卷
1.umount 卸載掛載
2.e2fsck -f /dev/vgmage01/lv2801 進行掃描
3.resize2fs /dev/vgmage01/lv2801 100M 先減文件系統
4.lvreduce -L 100M /dev/vgmage01/lv2801 再減邏輯卷
5.mount 最後掛載
[root@centos6 ~]#df -h -->縮小前查看文件系統
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20G 4.6G 15G 25% /
tmpfs 491M 72K 491M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3 20G 196M 19G 2% /app
/dev/sda1 190M 35M 146M 20% /boot
/dev/md127 991M 1.3M 939M 1% /backup
/dev/md5 2.0G 3.0M 1.9G 1% /mydata
/dev/md3 5.8G 12M 5.5G 1% /magedata
/dev/mapper/vg2-lv1 1.1G 2.2M 1007M 1% /media
[root@centos6 ~]#lvs --->縮小前超看lv
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv1 vg2 -wi-ao---- 1.07g
[root@centos6 ~]#umount /media ----->>卸載掛載
[root@centos6 ~]#e2fsck -f /dev/vg2/lv1 ---->進行掃描
e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/vg2/lv1: 11/262752 files (9.1% non-contiguous), 39530/1126400 blocks
[root@centos6 ~]#resize2fs /dev/vg2/lv1 500M ---->先減文件系統500M
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vg2/lv1 to 512000 (1k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg2/lv1 is now 512000 blocks long.
[root@centos6 ~]#lvreduce /dev/vg2/lv1 -L 500M -----> 再減邏輯卷500M
WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 500.00 MiB.
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce vg2/lv1? [y/n]: y
Size of logical volume vg2/lv1 changed from 1.07 GiB (275 extents) to 500.00 MiB (125 extents).
Logical volume lv1 successfully resized.
[root@centos6 ~]#lvs ------>查看邏輯卷lv
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv1 vg2 -wi-a----- 500.00m
[root@centos6 ~]#mount /dev/vg2/lv1 /media/ --->掛載邏輯卷
[root@centos6 ~]#df -h ------>查看文件系統
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20G 4.6G 15G 25% /
tmpfs 491M 72K 491M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3 20G 196M 19G 2% /app
/dev/sda1 190M 35M 146M 20% /boot
/dev/md127 991M 1.3M 939M 1% /backup
/dev/md5 2.0G 3.0M 1.9G 1% /mydata
/dev/md3 5.8G 12M 5.5G 1% /magedata
/dev/mapper/vg2-lv1 482M 1.9M 455M 1% /media減小邏輯卷(錯誤示例CentOS5)
centos6和7中拒絕此錯誤操作
centos5 拓展分區爲用戶家目錄掛載目錄
格式化完成後進入/etc/fstab文件中編輯一條dev/vgmage01/lvhome的開機檢測自動掛載信息
lvreduce -L 100M /dev/vgmage01/lvhome #直接減小邏輯卷
resize2fs /dev/vgmage01/lvhome 100M #報錯
e2fsck -f /dev/vgmage01/lvhome #報錯
reboot
-----修復過程
登錄用戶名密碼
當前啓動掛載磁盤以只讀方式掛載,需要掛載磁盤變爲可讀寫方式
mount -o remount.rw /
在編輯/etc/fstab文件
vim /etc/fstab
將故障硬盤對用最後的 1 2 改成 1 0
reboot
系統可以正常啓動了
-----用正常順序減小邏輯卷
lvs查看邏輯卷大小
lvextend -L 200M -r /dev/vgmage01/lvhome #恢復減少邏輯卷大小
1.umount 卸載掛載
2.e2fsck -f /dev/vgmage01/lvhome 進行掃描
3.resize2fs /dev/vgmage01/lvhome 100M 先減文件系統
4.lvreduce -L 100M /dev/vgmage01/lvhome 再減邏輯卷
5.mount 最後掛載遷移卷組到新系統試驗
將包含lvm的磁盤遷移到其他主機
要先添加一個硬盤後創建爲邏輯卷，
mount /dev/vgtest/lvtest/ /mnt/datatest/
1.umount /mnt/datatest/ #卸載
2.vgchange -an vgtest # -an 關掉不在激活
3.vgexport vgtest # 設置爲被導出狀態
4.遷移硬盤
5.在新的主機 pvscan 或 vgs
6.vgimport vgtest #設置爲導入狀態
7.vgchange -ay #-ay 設置爲激活狀態
創建遷移前狀態
[root@centos6 ~]#mount /dev/vg2/lv1 /mnt/test/ ----->掛載邏輯卷
[root@centos6 ~]#cp /etc/passwd /mnt/test/ --->複製文件到掛載點
[root@centos6 ~]#ll /mnt/test --->查看掛載點文件
total 16
drwx------. 2 root root 12288 Feb 28 18:10 lost+found
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2195 Feb 28 19:21 passwd
[root@centos6 ~]#lvdisplay /dev/vg2/lv1 ------>查看邏輯捲來自那個邏輯卷組
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/vg2/lv1
LV Name lv1
VG Name vg2
LV UUID sKWovu-PhYU-2QeD-RZz5-UI5B-XsJY-iVI0cd
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time centos6.magedu.com, 2018-02-28 18:05:59 -0500
LV Status available
\# open 0
LV Size 500.00 MiB
Current LE 125
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:1
[root@centos6 ~]#pvdisplay ----->查看pv被那個vg使用
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb
VG Name vg5
PV Size 2.00 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 511
Free PE 386
Allocated PE 125
PV UUID KQeIVz-Hp1X-e3jK-ivO1-VpTZ-vM86-K2an9a
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdr
VG Name vg2
PV Size 512.00 MiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 127
Free PE 2
Allocated PE 125
PV UUID Bcm38a-IvoA-RsIy-Kfhs-1Gqn-sRVZ-PPS8nk
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdq
VG Name vg2
PV Size 11.00 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 2815
Free PE 2815
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID ZtmVQG-U43k-nEg8-ndK3-AOAO-3Uti-AC3HXO
"/dev/sdp" is a new physical volume of "10.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdp
VG Name
PV Size 10.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID 2F7Jxh-4acs-2HX6-jGrh-S7f2-lnKo-Yfnc49把/dev/sdq上的數據遷移至/dev/sdb上
[root@centos6 ~]#pvmove /dev/sdq /dev/sdb
Physical Volume "/dev/sdb" not found in Volume Group "vg2".
[root@centos6 ~]#vgreduce vg2 /dev/sdq
Removed "/dev/sdq" from volume group "vg2"
[root@centos6 ~]#pvremove /dev/sdq ----> 刪除pv /dev/sdq
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdq" successfully wiped
[root@centos6 ~]#pvdisplay --->查看pv被那個vg使用
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdr
VG Name vg2
PV Size 512.00 MiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 127
Free PE 2
Allocated PE 125
PV UUID Bcm38a-IvoA-RsIy-Kfhs-1Gqn-sRVZ-PPS8nk
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb
VG Name vg5
PV Size 2.00 GiB / not usable 4.00 MiB
Allocatable yes
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 511
Free PE 386
Allocated PE 125
PV UUID KQeIVz-Hp1X-e3jK-ivO1-VpTZ-vM86-K2an9a
"/dev/sdp" is a new physical volume of "10.00 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdp
VG Name
PV Size 10.00 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID 2F7Jxh-4acs-2HX6-jGrh-S7f2-lnKo-Yfnc49卸載
[root@centos6 ~]#umount /media/
[root@centos6 ~]#df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20G 4.6G 15G 25% /
tmpfs 491M 72K 491M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3 20G 196M 19G 2% /app
/dev/sda1 190M 35M 146M 20% /boot
/dev/md127 991M 1.3M 939M 1% /backup
/dev/md5 2.0G 3.0M 1.9G 1% /mydata
/dev/md3 5.8G 12M 5.5G 1% /magedata
2.vgchange -an vgtest # -an 關掉不在激活
3.vgexport vgtest # 設置爲被導出狀態
[root@centos6 ~]#vgchange -an vg2 ------> -an 關掉不在激活
0 logical volume(s) in volume group "vg2" now active
[root@centos6 ~]#vgex ----># 設置爲被導出狀態
vgexport vgextend
[root@centos6 ~]#vgexport vg2
Volume group "vg2" successfully exported
4.遷移硬盤
5.虛擬機可以通過這個命令系統從新讀取硬盤
echo '- - -' > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
echo '- - -' > /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/scan
echo '- - -' > /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan
5.在新的主機 pvscan 或 vgs
6.vgimport vgtest #設置爲導入狀態
7.vgchange -ay #-ay 設置爲激活狀態
[root@centos7 ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg5 1 1 0 wz--n- <2.00g <1.51g
[root@centos7 ~]# pvscan
PV /dev/sdb VG vg5 lvm2 [<2.00 GiB / <1.51 GiB free]
Total: 1 [<2.00 GiB] / in use: 1 [<2.00 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]
[root@centos7 ~]# vgimport vg5
Volume group "vg5" is not exported
[root@centos7 ~]# vgchange -ay
1 logical volume(s) in volume group "vg5" now active
[root@centos7 ~]# mount /dev/vg5/lv5 /media/創建邏輯卷示例
[root@centos6 ~]#pvcreate /dev/sdb ----->創建pv
Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created
[root@centos6 ~]#pvs ---->查看pv
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb lvm2 ---- 2.00g 2.00g
[root@centos6 ~]#vgcreate vg5 /dev/sdb --->創建vg
Volume group "vg5" successfully created --->查看vg
[root@centos6 ~]#vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg5 1 0 0 wz--n- 2.00g 2.00g
[root@centos6 ~]#lvcreate -L 500M -n lv5 vg5 --->創建lv
Logical volume "lv5" created.
[root@centos6 ~]#lvs --->查看lv
Volume group vg2 is exported
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv5 vg5 -wi-a----- 500.00m
查詢指定邏輯卷名字
ll /dev/dm* #查看lv2801邏輯卷名字
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 253, 0 Feb 24 09:35 /dev/dm-0
ll /dev/mapper/vgmagedu-lv2801 #查看lv2801邏輯卷名字
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Feb 24 09:31 /dev/mapper/vgmagedu-lv2801 -> ../dm-0
ll /dev/testvg/* #查看lv2801邏輯卷名字
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Feb 24 09:31 /dev/vgmagedu/lv2801 -> ../dm-0
[root@centos6 ~]#mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg5/lv5 -->格式化 創建文件系統
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
128016 inodes, 512000 blocks
25600 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67633152
63 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2032 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 29 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@centos6 ~]#mount /dev/vg5/lv5 /media/ --->掛載
[root@centos6 ~]#df -h ----->查看文件xit
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20G 4.6G 15G 25% /
tmpfs 491M 72K 491M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3 20G 196M 19G 2% /app
/dev/sda1 190M 35M 146M 20% /boot
/dev/md127 991M 1.3M 939M 1% /backup
/dev/md5 2.0G 3.0M 1.9G 1% /mydata
/dev/md3 5.8G 12M 5.5G 1% /magedata
/dev/mapper/vg5-lv5 477M 2.3M 449M 1% /media實驗兩個硬盤做lvm跨主機遷移
創建pv兩個
[root@centos7 media]# pvcreate /dev/sdc
Physical volume "/dev/sdc" successfully created.
[root@centos7 media]# pvcreate /dev/sdd
Physical volume "/dev/sdd" successfully created.
[root@centos7 media]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdb vg5 lvm2 a-- <2.00g <1.51g
/dev/sdc lvm2 --- 3.00g 3.00g
/dev/sdd lvm2 --- 3.00g 3.00g
創建vg
[root@centos7 media]# vgcreate vg3 /dev/sdc
Volume group "vg3" successfully created
[root@centos7 media]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg3 1 0 0 wz--n- <3.00g <3.00g
vg5 1 1 0 wz--n- <2.00g <1.51g
加一個pv擴大vg
[root@centos7 media]# vgextend vg3 /dev/sdd
Volume group "vg3" successfully extended
[root@centos7 media]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg3 2 0 0 wz--n- 5.99g 5.99g
vg5 1 1 0 wz--n- <2.00g <1.51g
創建lv
[root@centos7 media]# lvcreate -L 4G -n lv3 vg3
Logical volume "lv3" created.
[root@centos7 media]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv3 vg3 -wi-a----- 4.00g
lv5 vg5 -wi-ao---- 500.00m
格式化
[root@centos7 media]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vg3/lv3
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
262144 inodes, 1048576 blocks
52428 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1073741824
32 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
掛載
[root@centos7 media]# mkdir /media/3333
[root@centos7 media]# mount /dev/vg3/lv3 /media/3333/
[root@centos7 media]#
[root@centos7 media]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20G 3.5G 17G 18% /
devtmpfs 978M 0 978M 0% /dev
tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 993M 9.0M 984M 1% /run
tmpfs 993M 0 993M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda5 20G 12G 8.9G 56% /app
/dev/sda1 197M 136M 61M 70% /boot
tmpfs 199M 12K 199M 1% /run/user/42
/dev/mapper/vg3-lv3 3.9G 16M 3.6G 1% /media/3333
掛載點文件
[root@centos7 3333333]# ll -h
total 3.8G
drwx------. 2 root root 16K Mar 3 21:23 lost+found
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3.8G Mar 3 21:40 passwd
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 35K Mar 3 21:36 passwd1
[root@centos7 ~]# umount /media/3333333/ ------>卸載
[root@centos7 ~]# vgchange -an vg3 ----------->-an 關掉設備不在激活
0 logical volume(s) in volume group "vg3" now active
[root@centos7 ~]# vgexport vg3 ----------->設置爲導出狀態
Volume group "vg3" successfully exported
[root@centos7 ~]# pvs ----------->查看pv狀態
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdc vg3 lvm2 ax- <3.00g 0 ---> 導出狀態
/dev/sdd vg3 lvm2 ax- <3.00g 504.00m --->導出狀態
遷移硬盤
[root@centos6 ~]#pvscan ------->從新讀取
PV /dev/sds is in exported VG vg3 [3.00 GiB / 0 free]
PV /dev/sdr is in exported VG vg3 [3.00 GiB / 504.00 MiB free]
PV /dev/sdq is in exported VG vg2 [508.00 MiB / 8.00 MiB free]
PV /dev/sdo lvm2 [10.00 GiB]
Total: 4 [16.49 GiB] / in use: 3 [6.49 GiB] / in no VG: 1 [10.00 GiB]
[root@centos6 ~]#vgs ----------->從新讀取
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg2 1 1 0 wzx-n- 508.00m 8.00m
vg3 2 1 0 wzx-n- 5.99g 504.00m
[root@centos6 ~]#vgimport vg3 vg -----------> 設置爲導入狀態
Volume group "vg3" successfully imported
Volume group "vg" not found
Cannot process volume group vg
[root@centos6 ~]#pvs ----------->查看pv
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sdo lvm2 ---- 10.00g 10.00g
/dev/sdq vg2 lvm2 ax-u 508.00m 8.00m
/dev/sdr vg3 lvm2 a--u 3.00g 504.00m
/dev/sds vg3 lvm2 a--u 3.00g 0
[root@centos6 ~]#vgs ----------->查看vg
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vg2 1 1 0 wzx-n- 508.00m 8.00m
vg3 2 1 0 wz--n- 5.99g 504.00m
[root@centos6 ~]#vgchange -ay ----------->設置爲激活狀態
1 logical volume(s) in volume group "vg3" now active
Volume group "vg2" is exported
[root@centos6 ~]#mount /dev/vg3/lv3 /mnt/ ----------->掛載
[root@centos6 ~]#df ----------->檢查掛載
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20511356 4745636 14717144 25% /
tmpfs 502056 72 501984 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3 20511356 200504 19262276 2% /app
/dev/sda1 194241 35157 148844 20% /boot
/dev/md127 1014680 1284 961020 1% /backup
/dev/md5 2029392 3072 1921568 1% /mydata
/dev/md3 6049536 12280 5723300 1% /magedata
/dev/mapper/vg3-lv3 5545568 16412 5256536 1% /mnt
[root@centos6 ~]#cd /mnt
[root@centos6 mnt]#ls
lost+found passwd1
[root@centos6 mnt]#cat passwd1 ----------->查看源文件
pps***oot:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
rd:x:997:996:User for colord:/var/lib/colord:/sbin/nologin
saslauth:x:996:76:Saslauthd user:/run/saslauthd:/sbin/nologin
rtkit:x:172:172:RealtimeKit:/proc:/sbin/nologin
chrony:x:995:993::/var/lib/chrony:/sbin/nologin
qemu:x:107:107:qemu user:/:/sbin/nologin
--------省略部分-------邏輯卷管理器快照
邏輯卷管理器快照
快照就是將當時的系統信息記錄下來，就好像照相一般， 若將來有任何數據改動了，則原始數據會被移動到快照區 ，沒有改動的區域則由快照區和文件系統共享
由於快照區與原本的LV共用很多PE的區塊，因此快照去與被 快照的LV必須在同一個VG.系統恢復的時候的文件數量不能高 於快照區的實際容量
創建可讀寫快照
lvcreate -L 1G -s -n kuaizhaoname /dev/vgname/lvname
\# -L 1G //指定大小 -s //快照選項 -n name //快照名字 /dev/..//快照源文件2
lvdisply #查看lv
mkdir /mnt/snapname #創建快照目錄
掛載快照：mount /dev/vgname/kuaizhaoname /mnt/snapname快照創建成功,當對原文將修改數據空間超過快照空間達到100%,快照會被撐死,快照已不能使用了.
(爲快照永遠不死,快照與源文件空間相同,一般大小爲原文件20%-30%)
快照可以用於冷備份,創建一個只讀快照給定一個空間證備份期間原文件不被更改,備份快照就可以了
虛擬機快照:先安裝完成一個系統,創建n+1個快照,對源系統進行關機處理以保證源文件不被修改,使用快照系統,如果快照系統出問題,直接刪除,從新在做一個快照使用.
爲現有邏輯卷創建只讀快照
#lvcreate -l 64 -s -n snap-data -p r /dev/vg0/data 掛載快照
#mkdir -p /mnt/snap
#mount -o ro /dev/vg0/snap-data /mnt/snap 恢復快照
#umount /dev/vg0/snap-data
#umount /dev/vg0/data
#lvconvert --merge /dev/vg0/snap-data
刪除快照
#umount /mnt/databackup
#lvremove /dev/vg0/databackup
示例
1.創建一個至少有兩個PV組成的大小爲20G的名爲testvg的VG；
2.要求PE大小爲16MB, 而後在卷組中創建大小爲5G的邏輯卷testlv；掛載至/users目錄
\# 先 lsblk 或 blkid 查看硬盤
[root@centos6 ~]#mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdr #格式化,創建文件系統 /dev/sdq
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
/dev/sdr is entire device, not just one partition!
Proceed anyway? (y,n) y
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
720896 inodes, 2883584 blocks
144179 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2952790016
88 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks):
done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 27 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@centos6 ~]#mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdq #格式化,創建文件系統 /dev/sdq
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
/dev/sdq is entire device, not just one partition!
Proceed anyway? (y,n) y
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
655360 inodes, 2621440 blocks
131072 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2684354560
80 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 37 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@centos6 ~]#blkid
1/dev/sdr: UUID="7b516c4d-832d-4ad8-8282-4688513fee68" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sdq: UUID="285addd4-7dee-4fad-8c47-2fa9f4067ab4" TYPE="ext4"
[root@centos6 ~]#vgcreate -s 16M testvg /dev/sdr #創建卷組 testvg 並設置PE大小爲16MB
Volume group "testvg" successfully created
[root@centos6 ~]#vgdisplay #查看卷組 testvg詳細信息
--- Volume group ---
VG Name testvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 10.98 GiB
PE Size 16.00 MiB
Total PE 703
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 703 / 10.98 GiB
VG UUID ZTCj4I-vEja-SKe2-3EcL-Prme-iqLe-Cmix8v
[root@centos6 ~]#vgextend testvg /dev/sdq #管理卷組 增加捲組 testvg的大小
Volume group "testvg" successfully extended
[root@centos6 ~]#vgdisplay #查看testvg卷組詳細信息
--- Volume group ---
VG Name testvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 2
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 20.97 GiB
PE Size 16.00 MiB
Total PE 1342
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 1342 / 20.97 GiB
VG UUID ZTCj4I-vEja-SKe2-3EcL-Prme-iqLe-Cmix8v
[root@centos6 ~]#lvcreate -L 5G -n testlv testvg #創建邏輯卷 testlv
Logical volume "testlv" created.
[root@centos6 ~]#lvs #查看邏輯卷 testlv
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
testlv testvg -wi-a----- 5.00g
-----三種查看邏輯卷testlv磁盤目錄
[root@centos6 ~]#ll /dev/dm* #查看testlv邏輯卷名字
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 253, 0 Feb 24 09:35 /dev/dm-0
[root@centos6 ~]#ll /dev/mapper/testvg-testlv #查看testlv邏輯卷名字
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Feb 24 09:31 /dev/mapper/testvg-testlv -> ../dm-0
[root@centos6 ~]#ll /dev/testvg/* #查看testlv邏輯卷名字
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 7 Feb 24 09:31 /dev/testvg/testlv -> ../dm-0
[root@centos6 ~]#mkfs.ext4 /dev/testvg/testlv #格式化,創建文件系統
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
327680 inodes, 1310720 blocks
65536 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1342177280
40 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 38 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
[root@centos6 ~]#mkdir /mnt/qwe #創建掛載目錄
[root@centos6 ~]#mv /qwe /users
[root@centos6 ~]#mount /dev/testvg/testlv /users/ #掛載
[root@centos6 ~]#df -l #查看掛載
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20511356 4712940 14749840 25% /
tmpfs 502056 72 501984 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3 20511356 200464 19262316 2% /app
/dev/sda1 194241 35157 148844 20% /boot
/dev/md127 1014680 1284 961020 1% /backup
/dev/md5 2029392 3072 1921568 1% /mydata
/dev/md3 6049536 12280 5723300 1% /magedata
/dev/mapper/testvg-testlv
5029504 10232 4757128 1% /users
2、 新建用戶archlinux，要求其家目錄爲/users/archlinux，而後su切換至archlinux用戶，複製/etc/pam.d目錄至自己的家目錄
[root@centos6 /]#useradd -d /users/archlinux archlinux #/users/archlinux爲未創建目錄
3、擴展testlv至7G，要求archlinux用戶的文件不能丟失
[root@centos6 /]#lvextend -L 7G /dev/testvg/testlv -r
Size of logical volume testvg/testlv changed from 5.00 GiB (320 extents) to 7.00 GiB (448 extents).
Logical volume testlv successfully resized.
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem at /dev/mapper/testvg-testlv is mounted on /users; on-line resizing required
old desc_blocks = 1, new_desc_blocks = 1
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/testvg-testlv to 1835008 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/mapper/testvg-testlv is now 1835008 blocks long.
[root@centos6 /]#lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
testlv testvg -wi-ao---- 7.00g
4、收縮testlv至3G，要求archlinux用戶的文件不能丟失
[root@centos6 /]#umount /dev/testvg/testlv
umount: /dev/testvg/testlv: not mounted
[root@centos6 /]#e2fsck -f /dev/testvg/testlv
e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/testvg/testlv: 78/458752 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 64509/1835008 blocks
[root@centos6 /]#e2fsck -f /dev/testvg/testlv
e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/testvg/testlv: 78/458752 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 64509/1835008 blocks
[root@centos6 /]#resize2
-bash: resize2: command not found
[root@centos6 /]#resize2fs /dev/testvg/testlv 3G
resize2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/testvg/testlv to 786432 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/testvg/testlv is now 786432 blocks long.
[root@centos6 /]#lvreduce -L 3G /dev/testvg/testlv
WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 3.00 GiB.
THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce testvg/testlv? [y/n]: y
Size of logical volume testvg/testlv changed from 7.00 GiB (448 extents) to 3.00 GiB (192 extents).
Logical volume testlv successfully resized.
[root@centos6 /]#df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20511356 4713184 14749596 25% /
tmpfs 502056 72 501984 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3 20511356 200464 19262316 2% /app
/dev/sda1 194241 35157 148844 20% /boot
/dev/md127 1014680 1284 961020 1% /backup
/dev/md5 2029392 3072 1921568 1% /mydata
/dev/md3 6049536 12280 5723300 1% /magedata
[root@centos6 /]#mount /dev/testvg/testlv /users/
[root@centos6 /]#df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20G 4.5G 15G 25% /
tmpfs 491M 72K 491M 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3 20G 196M 19G 2% /app
/dev/sda1 190M 35M 146M 20% /boot
/dev/md127 991M 1.3M 939M 1% /backup
/dev/md5 2.0G 3.0M 1.9G 1% /mydata
/dev/md3 5.8G 12M 5.5G 1% /magedata
/dev/mapper/testvg-testlv
2.9G 7.8M 2.7G 1% /users
5、對testlv創建快照，並嘗試基於快照備份數據，驗正快照 的功能
[root@centos6 diska]#lvcreate -L 1G -s -n testlvsnap /dev/testvg/testlv
Logical volume "testlvsnap1" created.
[root@centos6 diska]#lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
testlv testvg owi-a-s--- 3.00g
testlvsnap testvg swi-aos--- 1.00g testlv 0.00
[root@centos6 diska]#mount /dev/testvg/testlvsnap /mnt/diska/
[root@centos6 diska]#df
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 20511356 4713600 14749180 25% /
tmpfs 502056 72 501984 1% /dev/shm
/dev/sda3 20511356 200464 19262316 2% /app
/dev/sda1 194241 35157 148844 20% /boot
/dev/md127 1014680 1284 961020 1% /backup
/dev/md5 2029392 3072 1921568 1% /mydata
/dev/md3 6049536 12280 5723300 1% /magedata
/dev/mapper/testvg-testlvsnap
2965264 7928 2800064 1% /mnt/qwe/qwe
/dev/mapper/testvg-testlvsnap
2965264 7928 2800064 1% /mnt/diska