1 概述
前段時間摸索在Java中怎麼獲取系統信息包括cpu、內存、硬盤信息等，剛開始使用Java自帶的包進行獲取，但這樣獲取的內存信息不夠準確並且容易出現找不到相應包等錯誤，所以後面使用sigar插件進行獲取。下面列舉出了這兩種方式獲取系統信息的方式及代碼。
2 使用Java自帶包獲取系統信息
2.1 使用Java自帶包獲取系統信息代碼如下：
2.1.1 Bytes.java
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public class Bytes {
public static String substring(String src, int start_idx, int end_idx){
byte[] b = src.getBytes();
String tgt = "";
for(int i=start_idx; i<=end_idx; i++){
tgt +=(char)b[i];
}
return tgt;
}
}
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2.1.2 IMonitorService.java
public interface IMonitorService {
public MonitorInfoBean getMonitorInfoBean() throws Exception;
}
2.1.3 MonitorInfoBean.java
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public class MonitorInfoBean {
private long totalMemory;
private long freeMemory;
private long maxMemory;
private String osName;
private long totalMemorySize;
private long freePhysicalMemorySize;
private long usedMemory;
private int totalThread;
private double cpuRatio;
public long getFreeMemory() {
return freeMemory;
}
public void setFreeMemory(long freeMemory) {
this.freeMemory = freeMemory;
}
public long getFreePhysicalMemorySize() {
return freePhysicalMemorySize;
}
public void setFreePhysicalMemorySize(long freePhysicalMemorySize) {
this.freePhysicalMemorySize = freePhysicalMemorySize;
}
public long getMaxMemory() {
return maxMemory;
}
public void setMaxMemory(long maxMemory) {
this.maxMemory = maxMemory;
}
public String getOsName() {
return osName;
}
public void setOsName(String osName) {
this.osName = osName;
}
public long getTotalMemory() {
return totalMemory;
}
public void setTotalMemory(long totalMemory) {
this.totalMemory = totalMemory;
}
public long getTotalMemorySize() {
return totalMemorySize;
}
public void setTotalMemorySize(long totalMemorySize) {
this.totalMemorySize = totalMemorySize;
}
public int getTotalThread() {
return totalThread;
}
public void setTotalThread(int totalThread) {
this.totalThread = totalThread;
}
public long getUsedMemory() {
return usedMemory;
}
public void setUsedMemory(long usedMemory) {
this.usedMemory = usedMemory;
}
public double getCpuRatio() {
return cpuRatio;
}
public void setCpuRatio(double cpuRatio) {
this.cpuRatio = cpuRatio;
}}
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2.1.4
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import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.LineNumberReader;
//import sun.management.ManagementFactory;
//import com.sun.management.OperatingSystemMXBean;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.management.ManagementFactory;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
public class MonitorServiceImpl implements IMonitorService {
private static final int CPUTIME = 30;
private static final int PERCENT = 100;
private static final int FAULTLENGTH = 10;
private static final File versionFile = new File("/proc/version");
private static String linuxVersion = null;
public MonitorInfoBean getMonitorInfoBean() throws Exception {
int kb = 1024;
long totalMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory() / kb;
long freeMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory() / kb;
long maxMemory = Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / kb;
// OperatingSystemMXBean osmxb = (OperatingSystemMXBean)
// ManagementFactory
// .getOperatingSystemMXBean();
// String osName = System.getProperty("os.name");
// long totalMemorySize = osmxb.getTotalPhysicalMemorySize() / kb;
// long freePhysicalMemorySize = osmxb.getFreePhysicalMemorySize() / kb;
// long usedMemory = (osmxb.getTotalPhysicalMemorySize() - osmxb
// .getFreePhysicalMemorySize()) / kb;
ThreadGroup parentThread;
for (parentThread = Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup(); parentThread.getParent() != null; parentThread = parentThread.getParent());
int totalThread = parentThread.activeCount();
double cpuRatio = 0;
// if (osName.toLowerCase().startsWith("windows")) {
// cpuRatio = this.getCpuRatioForWindows();
// } else {
// cpuRatio = this.getCpuRateForLinux();
// }
MonitorInfoBean infoBean = new MonitorInfoBean();
infoBean.setFreeMemory(freeMemory);
// infoBean.setFreePhysicalMemorySize(freePhysicalMemorySize);
infoBean.setMaxMemory(maxMemory);
// infoBean.setOsName(osName);
infoBean.setTotalMemory(totalMemory);
// infoBean.setTotalMemorySize(totalMemorySize);
infoBean.setTotalThread(totalThread);
// infoBean.setUsedMemory(usedMemory);
infoBean.setCpuRatio(cpuRatio);
return infoBean;
}
private static double getCpuRateForLinux() {
InputStream is = null;
InputStreamReader isr = null;
BufferedReader brStat = null;
StringTokenizer tokenStat = null;
try {
System.out.println("Get usage rate of CUP , linux version: " + linuxVersion);
Process process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("top -b -n 1");
is = process.getInputStream();
isr = new InputStreamReader(is);
brStat = new BufferedReader(isr);
if (linuxVersion.equals("2.4")) {
brStat.readLine();
brStat.readLine();
brStat.readLine();
brStat.readLine();
tokenStat = new StringTokenizer(brStat.readLine());
tokenStat.nextToken();
tokenStat.nextToken();
String user = tokenStat.nextToken();
tokenStat.nextToken();
String system = tokenStat.nextToken();
tokenStat.nextToken();
String nice = tokenStat.nextToken();
System.out.println(user + " , " + system + " , " + nice);
user = user.substring(0, user.indexOf("%"));
system = system.substring(0, system.indexOf("%"));
nice = nice.substring(0, nice.indexOf("%"));
float userUsage = new Float(user).floatValue();
float systemUsage = new Float(system).floatValue();
float niceUsage = new Float(nice).floatValue();
return (userUsage + systemUsage + niceUsage) / 100;
} else {
brStat.readLine();
brStat.readLine();
tokenStat = new StringTokenizer(brStat.readLine());
tokenStat.nextToken();
tokenStat.nextToken();
tokenStat.nextToken();
tokenStat.nextToken();
tokenStat.nextToken();
tokenStat.nextToken();
tokenStat.nextToken();
String cpuUsage = tokenStat.nextToken();
System.out.println("CPU idle : " + cpuUsage);
Float usage = new Float(cpuUsage.substring(0, cpuUsage.indexOf("%")));
return (1 - usage.floatValue() / 100);
}
} catch (IOException ioe) {
System.out.println(ioe.getMessage());
freeResource(is, isr, brStat);
return 1;
} finally {
freeResource(is, isr, brStat);
}
}
private static void freeResource(InputStream is, InputStreamReader isr, BufferedReader br) {
try {
if (is != null)
is.close();
if (isr != null)
isr.close();
if (br != null)
br.close();
} catch (IOException ioe) {
System.out.println(ioe.getMessage());
}
}
private double getCpuRatioForWindows() {
try {
String procCmd = System.getenv("windir")
+ "\\system32\\wbem\\wmic.exe process get Caption,CommandLine,"
+ "KernelModeTime,ReadOperationCount,ThreadCount,UserModeTime,WriteOperationCount";
long[] c0 = readCpu(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(procCmd));
Thread.sleep(CPUTIME);
long[] c1 = readCpu(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(procCmd));
if (c0 != null && c1 != null) {
long idletime = c1[0] - c0[0];
long busytime = c1[1] - c0[1];
return Double.valueOf(
PERCENT * (busytime) / (busytime + idletime)).doubleValue();
} else {
return 0.0;
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
return 0.0;
}
}
private long[] readCpu(final Process proc) {
long[] retn = new long[2];
try {
proc.getOutputStream().close();
InputStreamReader ir = new InputStreamReader(proc.getInputStream());
LineNumberReader input = new LineNumberReader(ir);
String line = input.readLine();
if (line == null || line.length() < FAULTLENGTH) {
return null;
}
int capidx = line.indexOf("Caption");
int cmdidx = line.indexOf("CommandLine");
int rocidx = line.indexOf("ReadOperationCount");
int umtidx = line.indexOf("UserModeTime");
int kmtidx = line.indexOf("KernelModeTime");
int wocidx = line.indexOf("WriteOperationCount");
long idletime = 0;
long kneltime = 0;
long usertime = 0;
while ((line = input.readLine()) != null) {
if (line.length() < wocidx) {
continue;
}
String caption = Bytes.substring(line, capidx, cmdidx - 1) .trim();
String cmd = Bytes.substring(line, cmdidx, kmtidx - 1).trim();
if (cmd.indexOf("wmic.exe") >= 0) {
continue;
}
// log.info("line="+line);
if (caption.equals("System Idle Process") || caption.equals("System")) {
idletime += Long.valueOf(
Bytes.substring(line, kmtidx, rocidx - 1).trim()).longValue();
idletime += Long.valueOf(
Bytes.substring(line, umtidx, wocidx - 1).trim()).longValue();
continue;
}
kneltime += Long.valueOf(
Bytes.substring(line, kmtidx, rocidx - 1).trim()).longValue();
usertime += Long.valueOf(
Bytes.substring(line, umtidx, wocidx - 1).trim()).longValue();
}
retn[0] = idletime;
retn[1] = kneltime + usertime;
return retn;
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
proc.getInputStream().close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return null;
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
IMonitorService service = new MonitorServiceImpl();
MonitorInfoBean monitorInfo = service.getMonitorInfoBean();
System.out.println("cpu percent: " + monitorInfo.getCpuRatio());
System.out.println("can use memory: " + monitorInfo.getTotalMemory());
System.out.println("ideal memory: " + monitorInfo.getFreeMemory());
System.out.println("largest memory: " + monitorInfo.getMaxMemory());
System.out.println("all memory: " + monitorInfo.getTotalMemorySize() + "kb");
System.out.println("ideal memory: " + monitorInfo.getFreeMemory() + "kb");
System.out.println("used memory: " + monitorInfo.getUsedMemory() + "kb");
System.out.println("thread num: " + monitorInfo.getTotalThread() + "kb");
}}
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2.2 執行結果如下圖所示：
3 使用sigar獲取系統信息
3.1 下載安裝sigar-1.6.4.zip
使用java自帶的包獲取系統數據，容易找不到包，尤其是內存信息不夠準確，所以選擇使用sigar獲取系統信息。
下載地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/sigar/files/latest/download?source=files
解壓壓縮包，將lib下sigar.jar導入eclipse的CLASSPATH中，再將sigar-x86-winnt.dll存入Java的bin目錄即可。3.2 代碼實現如下：
複製代碼
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.hyperic.sigar.CpuInfo;
import org.hyperic.sigar.CpuPerc;
import org.hyperic.sigar.FileSystem;
import org.hyperic.sigar.FileSystemUsage;
import org.hyperic.sigar.Mem;
import org.hyperic.sigar.NetFlags;
import org.hyperic.sigar.NetInterfaceConfig;
import org.hyperic.sigar.NetInterfaceStat;
import org.hyperic.sigar.OperatingSystem;
import org.hyperic.sigar.Sigar;
import org.hyperic.sigar.SigarException;
import org.hyperic.sigar.Swap;
import org.hyperic.sigar.Who;
public class RuntimeTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// System信息，從jvm獲取
property();
System.out.println("----------------------------------");
// cpu信息
cpu();
System.out.println("----------------------------------");
// 內存信息
memory();
System.out.println("----------------------------------");
// 操作系統信息
os();
System.out.println("----------------------------------");
// 用戶信息
who();
System.out.println("----------------------------------");
// 文件系統信息
file();
System.out.println("----------------------------------");
// 網絡信息
net();
System.out.println("----------------------------------");
// 以太網信息
ethernet();
System.out.println("----------------------------------");
} catch (Exception e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
}
private static void property() throws UnknownHostException {
Runtime r = Runtime.getRuntime();
Properties props = System.getProperties();
InetAddress addr;
addr = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
String ip = addr.getHostAddress();
Map<String, String> map = System.getenv();
String userName = map.get("USERNAME");// 獲取用戶名
String computerName = map.get("COMPUTERNAME");// 獲取計算機名
String userDomain = map.get("USERDOMAIN");// 獲取計算機域名
System.out.println("用戶名: " + userName);
System.out.println("計算機名: " + computerName);
System.out.println("計算機域名: " + userDomain);
System.out.println("本地ip地址: " + ip);
System.out.println("本地主機名: " + addr.getHostName());
System.out.println("JVM可以使用的總內存: " + r.totalMemory());
System.out.println("JVM可以使用的剩餘內存: " + r.freeMemory());
System.out.println("JVM可以使用的處理器個數: " + r.availableProcessors());
System.out.println("Java的運行環境版本： " + props.getProperty("java.version"));
System.out.println("Java的運行環境供應商： " + props.getProperty("java.vendor"));
System.out.println("Java供應商的URL： " + props.getProperty("java.vendor.url"));
System.out.println("Java的安裝路徑： " + props.getProperty("java.home"));
System.out.println("Java的虛擬機規範版本： " + props.getProperty("java.vm.specification.version"));
System.out.println("Java的虛擬機規範供應商： " + props.getProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor"));
System.out.println("Java的虛擬機規範名稱： " + props.getProperty("java.vm.specification.name"));
System.out.println("Java的虛擬機實現版本： " + props.getProperty("java.vm.version"));
System.out.println("Java的虛擬機實現供應商： " + props.getProperty("java.vm.vendor"));
System.out.println("Java的虛擬機實現名稱： " + props.getProperty("java.vm.name"));
System.out.println("Java運行時環境規範版本： " + props.getProperty("java.specification.version"));
System.out.println("Java運行時環境規範供應商： " + props.getProperty("java.specification.vender"));
System.out.println("Java運行時環境規範名稱： " + props.getProperty("java.specification.name"));
System.out.println("Java的類格式版本號： " + props.getProperty("java.class.version"));
System.out.println("Java的類路徑： " + props.getProperty("java.class.path"));
System.out.println("加載庫時搜索的路徑列表： " + props.getProperty("java.library.path"));
System.out.println("默認的臨時文件路徑： " + props.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"));
System.out.println("一個或多個擴展目錄的路徑： " + props.getProperty("java.ext.dirs"));
System.out.println("操作系統的名稱： " + props.getProperty("os.name"));
System.out.println("操作系統的構架： " + props.getProperty("os.arch"));
System.out.println("操作系統的版本： " + props.getProperty("os.version"));
System.out.println("文件分隔符： " + props.getProperty("file.separator"));
System.out.println("路徑分隔符： " + props.getProperty("path.separator"));
System.out.println("行分隔符： " + props.getProperty("line.separator"));
System.out.println("用戶的賬戶名稱： " + props.getProperty("user.name"));
System.out.println("用戶的主目錄： " + props.getProperty("user.home"));
System.out.println("用戶的當前工作目錄： " + props.getProperty("user.dir"));
}
private static void memory() throws SigarException {
Sigar sigar = new Sigar();
Mem mem = sigar.getMem();
// 內存總量
System.out.println("內存總量: " + mem.getTotal() / 1024L + "K av");
// 當前內存使用量
System.out.println("當前內存使用量: " + mem.getUsed() / 1024L + "K used");
// 當前內存剩餘量
System.out.println("當前內存剩餘量: " + mem.getFree() / 1024L + "K free");
Swap swap = sigar.getSwap();
// 交換區總量
System.out.println("交換區總量: " + swap.getTotal() / 1024L + "K av");
// 當前交換區使用量
System.out.println("當前交換區使用量: " + swap.getUsed() / 1024L + "K used");
// 當前交換區剩餘量
System.out.println("當前交換區剩餘量: " + swap.getFree() / 1024L + "K free");
}
private static void cpu() throws SigarException {
Sigar sigar = new Sigar();
CpuInfo infos[] = sigar.getCpuInfoList();
CpuPerc cpuList[] = null;
cpuList = sigar.getCpuPercList();
for (int i = 0; i < infos.length; i++) {// 不管是單塊CPU還是多CPU都適用
CpuInfo info = infos[i];
System.out.println("第" + (i + 1) + "塊CPU信息");
System.out.println("CPU的總量MHz: " + info.getMhz());// CPU的總量MHz
System.out.println("CPU生產商: " + info.getVendor());// 獲得CPU的賣主，如：Intel
System.out.println("CPU類別: " + info.getModel());// 獲得CPU的類別，如：Celeron
System.out.println("CPU緩存數量: " + info.getCacheSize());// 緩衝存儲器數量
printCpuPerc(cpuList[i]);
}
}
private static void printCpuPerc(CpuPerc cpu) {
System.out.println("CPU用戶使用率: " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getUser()));// 用戶使用率
System.out.println("CPU系統使用率: " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getSys()));// 系統使用率
System.out.println("CPU當前等待率: " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getWait()));// 當前等待率
System.out.println("CPU當前錯誤率: " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getNice()));//
System.out.println("CPU當前空閒率: " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getIdle()));// 當前空閒率
System.out.println("CPU總的使用率: " + CpuPerc.format(cpu.getCombined()));// 總的使用率
}
private static void os() {
OperatingSystem OS = OperatingSystem.getInstance();
// 操作系統內核類型如： 386、486、586等x86
System.out.println("操作系統: " + OS.getArch());
System.out.println("操作系統CpuEndian(): " + OS.getCpuEndian());//
System.out.println("操作系統DataModel(): " + OS.getDataModel());//
// 系統描述
System.out.println("操作系統的描述: " + OS.getDescription());
// 操作系統類型
// System.out.println("OS.getName(): " + OS.getName());
// System.out.println("OS.getPatchLevel(): " + OS.getPatchLevel());//
// 操作系統的賣主
System.out.println("操作系統的賣主: " + OS.getVendor());
// 賣主名稱
System.out.println("操作系統的賣主名: " + OS.getVendorCodeName());
// 操作系統名稱
System.out.println("操作系統名稱: " + OS.getVendorName());
// 操作系統賣主類型
System.out.println("操作系統賣主類型: " + OS.getVendorVersion());
// 操作系統的版本號
System.out.println("操作系統的版本號: " + OS.getVersion());
}
private static void who() throws SigarException {
Sigar sigar = new Sigar();
Who who[] = sigar.getWhoList();
if (who != null && who.length > 0) {
for (int i = 0; i < who.length; i++) {
// System.out.println("當前系統進程表中的用戶名" + String.valueOf(i));
Who _who = who[i];
System.out.println("用戶控制檯: " + _who.getDevice());
System.out.println("用戶host: " + _who.getHost());
// System.out.println("getTime(): " + _who.getTime());
// 當前系統進程表中的用戶名
System.out.println("當前系統進程表中的用戶名: " + _who.getUser());
}
}
}
private static void file() throws Exception {
Sigar sigar = new Sigar();
FileSystem fslist[] = sigar.getFileSystemList();
for (int i = 0; i < fslist.length; i++) {
System.out.println("分區的盤符名稱" + i);
FileSystem fs = fslist[i];
// 分區的盤符名稱
System.out.println("盤符名稱: " + fs.getDevName());
// 分區的盤符名稱
System.out.println("盤符路徑: " + fs.getDirName());
System.out.println("盤符標誌: " + fs.getFlags());//
// 文件系統類型，比如 FAT32、NTFS
System.out.println("盤符類型: " + fs.getSysTypeName());
// 文件系統類型名，比如本地硬盤、光驅、網絡文件系統等
System.out.println("盤符類型名: " + fs.getTypeName());
// 文件系統類型
System.out.println("盤符文件系統類型: " + fs.getType());
FileSystemUsage usage = null;
usage = sigar.getFileSystemUsage(fs.getDirName());
switch (fs.getType()) {
case 0: // TYPE_UNKNOWN ：未知
break;
case 1: // TYPE_NONE
break;
case 2: // TYPE_LOCAL_DISK : 本地硬盤
// 文件系統總大小
System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "總大小: " + usage.getTotal() + "KB");
// 文件系統剩餘大小
System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "剩餘大小: " + usage.getFree() + "KB");
// 文件系統可用大小
System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "可用大小: " + usage.getAvail() + "KB");
// 文件系統已經使用量
System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "已經使用量: " + usage.getUsed() + "KB");
double usePercent = usage.getUsePercent() * 100D;
// 文件系統資源的利用率
System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "資源的利用率: " + usePercent + "%");
break;
case 3:// TYPE_NETWORK ：網絡
break;
case 4:// TYPE_RAM_DISK ：閃存
break;
case 5:// TYPE_CDROM ：光驅
break;
case 6:// TYPE_SWAP ：頁面交換
break;
}
System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "讀出： " + usage.getDiskReads());
System.out.println(fs.getDevName() + "寫入： " + usage.getDiskWrites());
}
return;
}
private static void net() throws Exception {
Sigar sigar = new Sigar();
String ifNames[] = sigar.getNetInterfaceList();
for (int i = 0; i < ifNames.length; i++) {
String name = ifNames[i];
NetInterfaceConfig ifconfig = sigar.getNetInterfaceConfig(name);
System.out.println("網絡設備名: " + name);// 網絡設備名
System.out.println("IP地址: " + ifconfig.getAddress());// IP地址
System.out.println("子網掩碼: " + ifconfig.getNetmask());// 子網掩碼
if ((ifconfig.getFlags() & 1L) <= 0L) {
System.out.println("!IFF_UP...skipping getNetInterfaceStat");
continue;
}
NetInterfaceStat ifstat = sigar.getNetInterfaceStat(name);
System.out.println(name + "接收的總包裹數:" + ifstat.getRxPackets());// 接收的總包裹數
System.out.println(name + "發送的總包裹數:" + ifstat.getTxPackets());// 發送的總包裹數
System.out.println(name + "接收到的總字節數:" + ifstat.getRxBytes());// 接收到的總字節數
System.out.println(name + "發送的總字節數:" + ifstat.getTxBytes());// 發送的總字節數
System.out.println(name + "接收到的錯誤包數:" + ifstat.getRxErrors());// 接收到的錯誤包數
System.out.println(name + "發送數據包時的錯誤數:" + ifstat.getTxErrors());// 發送數據包時的錯誤數
System.out.println(name + "接收時丟棄的包數:" + ifstat.getRxDropped());// 接收時丟棄的包數
System.out.println(name + "發送時丟棄的包數:" + ifstat.getTxDropped());// 發送時丟棄的包數
}
}
private static void ethernet() throws SigarException {
Sigar sigar = null;
sigar = new Sigar();
String[] ifaces = sigar.getNetInterfaceList();
for (int i = 0; i < ifaces.length; i++) {
NetInterfaceConfig cfg = sigar.getNetInterfaceConfig(ifaces[i]);
if (NetFlags.LOOPBACK_ADDRESS.equals(cfg.getAddress()) || (cfg.getFlags() & NetFlags.IFF_LOOPBACK) != 0
|| NetFlags.NULL_HWADDR.equals(cfg.getHwaddr())) {
continue;
}
System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "IP地址:" + cfg.getAddress());// IP地址
System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "網關廣播地址:" + cfg.getBroadcast());// 網關廣播地址
System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "網卡MAC地址:" + cfg.getHwaddr());// 網卡MAC地址
System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "子網掩碼:" + cfg.getNetmask());// 子網掩碼
System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "網卡描述信息:" + cfg.getDescription());// 網卡描述信息
System.out.println(cfg.getName() + "網卡類型" + cfg.getType());//
}
}}
複製代碼