https://jimangel.io/post/create-a-vm-template-ubuntu-18.04/
轉載：https://github.com/jimangel/ubuntu-18.04-scripts/blob/master/prepare-ubuntu-18.04-template.sh
#!/bin/bash
######################################################
#### WARNING PIPING TO BASH IS STUPID: DO NOT USE THIS
######################################################
# modified from: jcppkkk/prepare-ubuntu-template.sh
# TESTED ON UBUNTU 18.04 LTS
# SETUP & RUN
# curl -sL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jimangel/ubuntu-18.04-scripts/master/prepare-ubuntu-18.04-template.sh | sudo -E bash -
if [ `id -u` -ne 0 ]; then
echo Need sudo
exit 1
fi
set -v
#update apt-cache
apt update -y
apt upgrade -y
#install packages
apt install -y open-vm-tools
#Stop services for cleanup
service rsyslog stop
#clear audit logs
if [ -f /var/log/wtmp ]; then
truncate -s0 /var/log/wtmp
fi
if [ -f /var/log/lastlog ]; then
truncate -s0 /var/log/lastlog
fi
#cleanup /tmp directories
rm -rf /tmp/*
rm -rf /var/tmp/*
#cleanup current ssh keys
rm -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_*
#add check for ssh keys on reboot...regenerate if neccessary
cat << 'EOL' | sudo tee /etc/rc.local
#!/bin/sh -e
#
# rc.local
#
# This script is executed at the end of each multiuser runlevel.
# Make sure that the script will "" on success or any other
# value on error.
#
# In order to enable or disable this script just change the execution
# bits.
#
# By default this script does nothing.
# dynamically create hostname (optional)
if hostname | grep localhost; then
hostnamectl set-hostname "$(head /dev/urandom | tr -dc A-Za-z0-9 | head -c 13 ; echo '')"
fi
test -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key || dpkg-reconfigure openssh-server
exit 0
EOL
# make sure the script is executable
chmod +x /etc/rc.local
#reset hostname
# prevent cloudconfig from preserving the original hostname
sed -i 's/preserve_hostname: false/preserve_hostname: true/g' /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg
truncate -s0 /etc/hostname
hostnamectl set-hostname localhost
#cleanup apt
apt clean
# disable swap
sudo swapoff --all
sudo sed -ri '/\sswap\s/s/^#?/#/' /etc/fstab
# set dhcp to use mac - this is a little bit of a hack but I need this to be placed under the active nic settings
# also look in /etc/netplan for other config files
sed -i 's/optional: true/dhcp-identifier: mac/g' /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml
# cleans out all of the cloud-init cache / logs - this is mainly cleaning out networking info
sudo cloud-init clean --logs
#cleanup shell history
cat /dev/null > ~/.bash_history && history -c
history -w
#shutdown
shutdown -h now