Centos5.5下安裝LAMP完整版

Centos5.5(32bit)
Author:hx10
Date: 2010/7/25  hangzhou
Blog :http://hi.baidu.com/hx10

轉載:http://hx100.blog.51cto.com/44326/359296

下載軟件包(截至2010/7/25軟件爲最新穩定版本)
http://www.libgd.org/releases/gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/libxml2-2.7.7.tar.gz
http://ftp.devil-linux.org/pub/devel/sources/1.2/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2
http://cronolog.org/download/cronolog-1.6.2.tar.gz
http://labs.renren.com/apache-mirror/httpd/httpd-2.2.15.tar.gz
http://downloads.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.0/mysql-5.0.91.tar.gz
http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-5.2.14.tar.gz
http://xcache.lighttpd.net/pub/Releases/1.3.0/xcache-1.3.0.tar.gz
http://downloads.zend.com/optimizer/3.3.9/ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-i386.tar.gz

保存爲down.txt
# cd /usr/local/src
# wget -i down.txt

cd /usr/local/src
vim init.sh

#welcome
cat << EOF
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
|         === Welcome to Centos System init ===                |
+--------------http://www.linuxtone.org------------------------+
+----------------------Author:NetSeek--------------------------+
EOF

#disable ipv6
cat << EOF
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
|         === Welcome to Disable IPV6 ===                      |
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
EOF
echo "alias net-pf-10 off" >> /etc/modprobe.conf
echo "alias ipv6 off" >> /etc/modprobe.conf
/sbin/chkconfig --level 35 ip6tables off
echo "ipv6 is disabled!"

#disable selinux
sed -i '/SELINUX/s/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
echo "selinux is disabled,you must reboot!"

#vim
sed -i "8 s/^/alias vi='vim'/" /root/.bashrc
echo 'syntax on' > /root/.vimrc

#zh_cn
sed -i -e 's/^LANG=.*/LANG="zh_CN.GB18030"/'   /etc/sysconfig/i18n

#tunoff services
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cat << EOF
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
|         === Welcome to Tunoff services ===                   |
+--------------------------------------------------------------+
EOF
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
for i in `ls /etc/rc3.d/S*`
do
              CURSRV=`echo $i|cut -c 15-`

echo $CURSRV
case $CURSRV in
          crond | irqbalance | microcode_ctl | network | random | sendmail | sshd | syslog | local | mysqld )
      echo "Base services, Skip!"
      ;;
      *)
          echo "change $CURSRV to off"
          chkconfig --level 235 $CURSRV off
          service $CURSRV stop
      ;;
esac
done

# sh init.sh
# reboot

二、編譯安裝基本環境
1. 安裝準備
1) 系統約定
操作系統：Centos5.5 i386
IP:192.168.1.103
軟件源代碼包存放位置        /usr/local/src
源碼包編譯安裝位置(prefix)        /usr/local/software_name
腳本以及維護程序存放位置        /usr/local/sbin
MySQL 數據庫位置        /data/mysql/data（可按情況設置）
Apache 網站根目錄        /data/www/wwwroot（可按情況設置）
Apache 虛擬主機日誌根目錄        /data/www/logs（可按情況設置）
Apache 運行賬戶        www:www 
useradd -d /data/www/
chown www.www /data/www/wwwroot

2) 系統環境部署及調整
 檢查系統是否正常
# tail -n100 /var/log/messages        （檢查有無系統級錯誤信息）
# dmesg （檢查硬件設備是否有錯誤信息）
# ifconfig（檢查網卡設置是否正確）
# ping www.baidu.com        （檢查網絡是否正常）

3) 使用 yum 程序安裝所需開發包（以下爲標準的 RPM 包名稱）
#rpm --import  http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#

yum -y install ntp vim-enhanced gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 flex bison autoconf automake bzip2-devel \
ncurses-devel zlib-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libtiff-devel freetype-devel libXpm-devel \
gettext-devel  pam-devel libtool libtool-ltdl openssl openssl-devel fontconfig-devel

解釋如下：
安裝基本的編譯工具  # yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ flex bison autoconf automake libtool bzip2-devel zlib-devel ncurses-devel pam-devel
安裝編譯 GD 需要的庫# yum install -y xorg-x11-server-Xorg fontconfig-devel libXpm-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libtiff-devel freetype-devel
安裝mysql需要的庫# yum install -y libxml2-devel curl-devel
4) 定時校正服務器時鐘，定時與中國國家授時中心授時服務器同步
# crontab -e
加入一行：
30 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 210.72.145.44 > /dev/null 2>&1
service crond restart

2. 編譯安裝軟件包

1)GD2
cd /usr/local/src
tar -zxvf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
cd gd-2.0.35
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
make && make install

2) LibXML2
tar -zxvf libxml2-2.7.7.tar.gz
cd libxml2-2.7.7
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
make && make install

 3) LibMcrypt
tar xvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt
make && make install

4) Apache日誌截斷程序
tar zxvf cronolog-1.6.2.tar.gz
cd cronolog-1.6.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/cronolog
make && make install

這幾步可以放到腳本里面安裝
vim install_1.sh

cd /usr/local/src
tar -zxvf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz
cd gd-2.0.35
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd2
make && make install
cd ..
tar -zxvf libxml2-2.7.7.tar.gz
cd libxml2-2.7.7
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
make && make install
cd ..
tar xvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libmcrypt
make && make install
cd ..
tar zxvf cronolog-1.6.2.tar.gz
cd cronolog-1.6.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/cronolog
make && make install
cd..
exit

# sh install_1.sh

5) 安裝mysql
查看分析你的CPU型號
http://en.gentoo-wiki.com/wiki/Safe_Cflags
查找您的GCC編譯參數
確定系統CPU類型
# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "model name"
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU     T6570  @ 2.10GHz
執行後會看到系統中CPU的具體型號，記下CPU型號。
查到CPU的參數爲
64 bit profile (amd64) for < GCC 4.3

CHOST="x86_64-pc-linux-gnu"
CFLAGS="-march=nocona -O2 -pipe"
CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"

tar -zxvf mysql-5.0.91.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.0.91
修改mysql的最大連接數，默認是100
vim sql/mysqld.cc
搜索max_connections,找到REQUIRED_ARG後面的100，改成1500，當然小點也可以，根據你的需要來，不建議改的太大，然後保存
 
vim install_mysql.sh

CHOST="x86_64-pc-linux-gnu"
CFLAGS="-march=nocona -O2 -pipe"
CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"
./configure \
         "--prefix=/usr/local/mysql" \
         "--localstatedir=/data/mysql/data" \
         "--with-comment=Source" \
         "--with-server-suffix=-hx10" \
         "--with-mysqld-user=mysql" \
         "--without-debug" \
         "--with-big-tables" \
         "--with-charset=gbk" \
         "--with-collation=gbk_chinese_ci" \
         "--with-extra-charsets=all" \
         "--with-pthread" \
         "--enable-static" \
         "--enable-thread-safe-client" \
         "--with-client-ldflags=-all-static" \
         "--with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static" \
         "--enable-assembler" \
         "--without-isam" \
         "--without-innodb" \
         "--without-ndb-debug"
make && make install
mkdir -p /data/mysql/data
useradd mysql -d /data/mysql -s /sbin/nologin
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
cd /usr/local/mysql
chown -R root:mysql .
chown -R mysql /data/mysql/data
cp share/mysql/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start 
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
for i in *; do ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/$i /usr/bin/$i; done

然後執行腳本 sh install_mysql.sh

# mysql -u root -p
mysql> select version();
+----------------------+
| version()            |
+----------------------+
| 5.0.91-hx10-log |
+----------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

6)安裝apache
groupadd httpd
useradd -g httpd -s /sbin/nologin -M httpd

tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.15.tar.gz
cd httpd-2.2.15
vim install_httpd.sh

./configure \
         "--prefix=/usr/local/apache2" \
         "--with-included-apr" \
         "--enable-so" \
         "--enable-deflate=shared" \
         "--enable-expires=shared" \
         "--enable-rewrite=shared" \
         "--enable-static-support" \
         "--disable-userdir"
make
make install
cd ..
exit

# sh install_httpd.sh

7)安裝php
tar -zxvf php-5.2.14.tar.gz
cd  php-5.2.14
vim install_php.sh

mkdir -p /usr/local/php/etc
./configure \
         "--prefix=/usr/local/php" \
         "--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs" \
         "--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc" \
         "--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql" \
         "--with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2" \
         "--with-gd=/usr/local/gd2" \
         "--with-jpeg-dir" \
         "--with-png-dir" \
         "--with-bz2" \
         "--with-freetype-dir" \
         "--with-iconv-dir" \
         "--with-zlib-dir " \
         "--with-openssll" \
         "--with-mcrypt=/usr/local/libmcrypt" \
         "--enable-soap" \
         "--enable-gd-native-ttf" \
         "--enable-ftp" \
         "--enable-mbstring" \
         "--enable-exif" \
         "--disable-ipv6" \
         "--disable-cgi" \
         "--disable-cli"
make
make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

#sh install_php.sh
7)安裝Xcache
tar -zxvf xcache-1.3.0.tar.gz
cd xcache-1.3.0

/usr/local/php/bin/phpize \
./configure --enable-xcache \
--enable-xcache-coverager \
--with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config \
--enable-inline-optimization --disable-debug

vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
在最後添加以下內容

[xcache-common]
zend_extension      = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/xcache.so
 
[xcache.admin]
xcache.admin.user   = "admin"
;create md5 password: echo -n "password"| md5sum
xcache.admin.pass   = "f3dfd37a03b1356d6380b41e524f903b"  #password is hx10.com
[xcache]
; Change xcache.size to tune the size of the opcode cache
xcache.size         = 24M
xcache.shm_scheme   = "mmap"
xcache.count        = 4
xcache.slots        = 8K
xcache.ttl          = 0
xcache.gc_interval  = 0
 
; Change xcache.var_size to adjust the size of variable cache
xcache.var_size     = 8M
xcache.var_count    = 1
xcache.var_slots    = 8K
xcache.var_ttl      = 0
xcache.var_maxttl   = 0
xcache.var_gc_interval =     300
xcache.test         = Off
xcache.readonly_protection = On
xcache.mmap_path    = "/tmp/xcache"
xcache.coredump_directory =   ""
xcache.cacher       = On
xcache.stat         = On
xcache.optimizer    = Off

[xcache.coverager]
xcache.coverager    = On
xcache.coveragedump_directory = ""

8)安裝Zend Optimizer
tar -zxvf tar -zxvf ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-i386.tar.gz
mv ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-i386 /usr/local/Zend
cp /usr/local/Zend/data/5_2_x_comp/ZendOptimizer.so /usr/local/Zend/  (因爲php是5.2)
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini  最後一行加入以下內容

zend_optimizer.optimization_level=15
zend_extension=/usr/local/Zend/ZendOptimizer.so

9)整合Apache與PHP及系統初化配置
vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
查找AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz,在該行下面添加
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
查找DirectoryIndex index.html 把該行修改成

DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php

找到

#Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
#Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf 

#Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf

去掉這4行前面的#
注意：以上 4 個擴展配置文件中的設置請按照相關原則進行合理配置！

vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin [email protected]
    DocumentRoot "/www/wwwroot/"
    ServerName mail.520.com
    ServerAlias www.dummy-host.example.com
    ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log"
    CustomLog "logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>

新建一個虛擬主機
mkdir -p /www/wwwroot/
然後把探針放到這個目錄

vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf
找到

<Directory />
    Options FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
    Order deny,allow
    Deny from all            //把這裏的Deny改成Allow
</Directory>

找到
#ServerName www.example.com:80  在這一行後面加入下面一行
ServerName 127.0.0.1:80

找到

User httpd
Group httpd

把原來的daemon修改成httpd

Apache 運行賬戶        httpd:httpd

chown -R httpd:httpd /www/wwwroot

重啓apache
# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart
輸入探針的地址訪問
http://ip/php.php

10)安全和性能優化
vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
查找disable_functions =
等號後面加入以下參數，注意不能換行

phpinfo,passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,

ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,pfsockopen,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,get_cfg_var

查找以下2項,把on改成off

expose_php = Off
display_errors = Off

vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-default.conf  修改後的內容如下

Timeout 15
KeepAlive Off
MaxKeepAliveRequests 50
KeepAliveTimeout 5
UseCanonicalName Off
AccessFileName .htaccess
ServerTokens Prod
ServerSignature off
HostnameLookups Off

vim /usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf  修改一個模塊後的內容如下
原來的配置如下：

<IfModule mpm_prefork_module>
   ServerLimit 256 
   StartServers 5
   MinSpareServers 5
  MaxSpareServers 10
  MaxClients 256
  MaxRequestsPerChild 0
</IfModule>

修改後配置如下

<IfModule mpm_prefork_module>
    ServerLimit         2000
    StartServers          2000
    MinSpareServers       10
    MaxSpareServers      10
    MaxClients          2000
    MaxRequestsPerChild   10000
</IfModule>

查看是什麼模式
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl -l
如果出現prefork.c那就說明是prefork模式
關於詳細的參數調整，查看http://zhengdl126.javaeye.com/blog/450620

11)將apache,mysql安裝爲系統服務
# cp /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
#cd /etc/rc.d/init.d
#vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd
添加以下兩行內容(在#!/bin/sh下面)
# chkconfig: 2345 10 90
# description: Activates/Deactivates Apache Web Server
最後，運行chkconfig 把Apache 添加到系統的啓動服務組裏面：
# chkconfig --add httpd
# chkconfig httpd on

mysql前面已經加入到服務啓動，不需要此步驟
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
cd /etc/rc.d/init.d
chkconfig --add mysqld           //ntsysv檢查Mysql是否已經加載到服務啓動
service mysqld start/stop
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown         //關閉mysql

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