關於Nginx
款高性能、輕量級Web服務軟件
-
穩定性高
-
系統資源消耗低
-
對HTTP併發連接的處理能力高
- 單臺物理服務器可支持30000 ~ 50000個併發請求
Nginx編譯安裝
1.宿主機共享所需的工具包
2.虛擬機掛載共享目錄
[root@localhost ~]# smbclient -L //192.168.100.50/
Enter SAMBA\root's password:
OS=[Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC 2019 17763] Server=[Windows 10 Enterprise LTSC 2019 6.3]
Sharename Type Comment
--------- ---- -------
IPC$ IPC 遠程 IPC
share Disk
tools Disk
Users Disk
Connection to 192.168.100.50 failed (Error NT_STATUS_RESOURCE_NAME_NOT_FOUND)
NetBIOS over TCP disabled -- no workgroup available
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/tools
[root@localhost ~]# mount.cifs //192.168.100.50/tools /mnt/tools/
Password for root@//192.168.100.50/tools:
[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt/tools/
[root@localhost tools]# ls
awstats-7.6.tar.gz extundelete-0.2.4.tar.bz2 forbid.png jdk-8u191-windows-x64.zip LAMP-C7 picture.jpg
cronolog-1.6.2-14.el7.x86_64.rpm fiddler.exe intellijideahahau2018.rar john-1.8.0.tar.gz LNMP
[root@localhost tools]#3.解壓Nginx源碼包
[root@localhost tools]# cd LNMP/
[root@localhost LNMP]# ls
Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz php-7.1.20.tar.gz
[root@localhost LNMP]# tar zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz -C /opt/
.......//省略解壓過程4.安裝編譯Nginx所需環境包
[root@localhost LNMP]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ pcre-devel zlib-devel
........//省略安裝過程
[root@localhost LNMP]#5.新建一個程序用戶nginx
[root@localhost LNMP]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx //-M，不創建家目錄
[root@localhost LNMP]# id nginx //查看nginx用戶
uid=1001(nginx) gid=1001(nginx) 組=1001(nginx)
[root@localhost LNMP]#6.配置Nginx服務
[root@localhost LNMP]# cd /opt/nginx-1.12.2/
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ls
auto CHANGES CHANGES.ru conf configure contrib html LICENSE man README src
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure \
> --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \ //安裝路徑
> --user=nginx \ //屬主
> --group=nginx \ //屬組
> --with-http_stub_status_module //開啓統計模塊
........//省略配置過程7.編譯安裝Nginx服務
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install
.........//省略編譯過程
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# 8.優化nginx命令執行路徑
[root@localhost nginx-1.12.2]# cd /usr/local/nginx/
[root@localhost nginx]# ls
conf html logs sbin
[root@localhost nginx]# cd sbin/
[root@localhost sbin]# ls
nginx
[root@localhost sbin]# ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/
[root@localhost sbin]# 9.開啓nginx服務
[root@localhost sbin]# nginx -t //檢查測試配置文件
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@localhost sbin]# nginx //開啓服務
[root@localhost sbin]# netstat -ntap | grep 80 //查看80端口
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 52709/nginx: master
[root@localhost sbin]#10.關閉防火牆和增強性安全功能
[root@localhost sbin]# systemctl stop firewalld.service //關閉防火牆
[root@localhost sbin]# setenforce 0 //關閉增強性安全功能
[root@localhost sbin]# 11.安裝elinks工具，測試nginx服務
[root@localhost sbin]# yum install elinks -y //安裝工具
.........//省略安裝過程
[root@localhost sbin]#
[root@localhost sbin]# elinks http://localhost //測試能否訪問nginx服務
12.用瀏覽器測試能否訪問nginx服務（訪問成功）
Nginx服務優化
1.nginx服務基礎命令
[root@localhost sbin]# killall -s QUIT nginx //停止服務
[root@localhost sbin]# killall -3 nginx //停止服務
[root@localhost sbin]# killall -s HUP nginx //重載服務
[root@localhost sbin]# killall -1 nginx //重載服務
[root@localhost sbin]# nginx //啓動服務2.製作管理服務的腳本
[root@localhost sbin]# vim /etc/init.d/nginx
#!/bin/bash
# chkconfig: - 99 20
# description: Nginx Service Control Script
PROG="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
PIDF="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
case "$1" in
start)
$PROG
;;
stop)
kill -s QUIT $(cat $PIDF)
;;
restart)
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
reload)
kill -s HUP $(cat $PIDF)
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0
[root@localhost sbin]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx //添加執行權限
[root@localhost sbin]# chkconfig --add nginx //添加讓系統可以識別
[root@localhost sbin]# 3.測試服務管理腳本
[root@localhost sbin]# service nginx stop //停止服務
[root@localhost sbin]# netstat -ntap | grep 80 //查看80端口，無
[root@localhost sbin]# service nginx start //開啓服務
[root@localhost sbin]# netstat -ntap | grep 80 //查看80端口，有
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 53614/nginx: master
[root@localhost sbin]# 4.修改配置文件，開啓統計功能
[root@localhost sbin]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
location /status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
[root@localhost sbin]# service nginx stop
[root@localhost sbin]# service nginx start
[root@localhost sbin]#5.測試統計功能
Nginx服務訪問控制
1.修改配置文件，開啓密碼訪問功能
[root@localhost sbin]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
location / {
auth_basic "secret";
auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/passwd.db;
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
location /status {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
[root@localhost sbin]#2.安裝密碼訪問工具
[root@localhost sbin]# yum install httpd-tools -y
........//省略安裝過程
[root@localhost sbin]# 3.創建訪問登錄的用戶和密碼
[root@localhost sbin]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nginx/passwd.db test
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user test
[root@localhost sbin]# cat /usr/local/nginx/passwd.db
test:$apr1$od5a34WH$MduYUJbQ2W0oihB0Bs/bx.
[root@localhost sbin]#
[root@localhost sbin]# service nginx stop
[root@localhost sbin]# service nginx start
[root@localhost sbin]# 4.測試訪問控制（成功）
