oracle克隆安裝(轉)

轉：http://my.csdn.net/yangzhawen

oracle on linux安裝多臺服務器時可以採用一次安裝副本多臺克隆即可，簡單快速.

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1、檢查下列包是否安裝

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yum -y install  gcc gcc-c++ make binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libcap1 \
elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel glibc  glibc-devel glibc-common  \
libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel  sysstat   expat \
ksh unixODBC unixODBC-devel  

–配置系統

# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:      4946772 kB


# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo
SwapTotal:    12289716 kB



# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2              17G  2.8G   14G  18% /
/dev/sda1            1012M   40M  921M   5% /boot
none                  891M     0  891M   0% /dev/shm
/dev/hdc              192M  192M     0 100% /media/cdrom

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2.參數修改

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1.設置需要的IP

2、修改host文件
在/etc/hosts文件中添加一個全限定域名，如：

vi /etc/hosts

192.168.50.180  vp01  vp01.vpay.com
192.168.50.190  vp02  vp02.vpay.com

1. 查看修改結果

hostname

cat /etc/hosts | grep `eval hostname`

4、設置核心參數
　1、在/etc/sysctl.conf文件中加入下列行：

#vi /etc/sysctl.conf


fs.suid_dumpable = 1
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmmni = 4096
# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default=4194304
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=1048586

　5、運行下列命令改變核心參數：

#/sbin/sysctl -p

　6、在/etc/security/limits.conf文件中加入下列行：

# vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle           soft    nproc   2047
oracle           hard    nproc   16384
oracle           soft    nofile  1024
oracle           hard    nofile  65536
oracle           hard    stack   10240

7、在/etc/pam.d/login文件中加入下列行：

# vi  /etc/pam.d/login

session    required     pam_limits.so

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3.創建下列組和用戶

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groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper -d /home/oracle -m oracle
passwd oracle

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4.設置oracle用戶的環境變量

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用oracle登錄在：/home/oracle/.bash_profile文件末尾,注意把其中ORACLE_SID換成自己的實例名：

# vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

也可以

#su - oracle

#vi .bash_profile

增加下列內容：

# Oracle Settings
TMP=/tmp;
export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP;
export TMPDIR

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle;
export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1;
export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=jinri;
export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm;
export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH;
export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH;
export PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;
export CLASSPATH
#LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1;
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL

#set language
NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE"_CHINA.AL32UTF8
export  NLS_LANG
EDITOR=vi
export EDITOR


if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi


alias  oratrace="cat   $ORACLE_BASE/diag/rdbms/$ORACLE_SID/$ORACLE_SID/trace/alert_jinri.log"
alias  oradata="cd $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/$ORACLE_SID"
alias  oranetwork="cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin"
alias topc='ps -e -o pcpu,pid,user,tty,args | sort -n -k 1 -r | head'
alias topm='ps -e -o pmem,pid,user,tty,args | sort -n -k 1 -r | head'

新建必要的數據目錄

#mkdir /u01/backup/  && chown -R   oracle.oinstall  /u01/backup/

# mkdir /data/ctl

# chown -R   oracle.oinstall /data/ctl/

---

5.副本克隆安裝數據庫

---

–1.vp01正常關閉數據庫

[oracle@vp01 20760982]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on 星期一 9月 28 18:27:13 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


連接到: 
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> shutdown immediate
數據庫已經關閉。
已經卸載數據庫。
ORACLE 例程已經關閉。
SQL> exit

[oracle@vp01 20760982]$ lsnrctl stop

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-9月 -2015 18:27:39

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

正在連接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
命令執行成功

2.vp01打包

$cd /u01/
$tar czvf oracle.tar.gz /u01/

3.vp01將oracle安裝副本壓縮包傳遞到vp02

scp -r -p -P 16335 /u01/oracle.tar.gz  oracle@10.174.157.163:/u01/backup/

4.vp02解壓修改權限

#chown -R   oracle.oinstall /u01/backup/oracle.tar.gz

#cd /u01/backup/

# tar zxvf oracle.tar.gz -C /u01/

–移動目錄到上一層

# cd /u01/u01/ && mv app/  ../ && ls /u01/u01/ &&  ls /u01/app/ 


#rm -rf /u01/u01

控制文件有個副本在不同目錄

#cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/jinri/control01.ctl  /data/ctl/control03.ctl


#chown -R   oracle.oinstall  /u01/app/
#chown -R   oracle.oinstall /data/ctl/

--relink
$cd
$relink all
writing relink log to: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/install/relink.log

5.修改監聽解析文件

$ cat   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora 
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =  
  (SID_DESC =
  (GLOBAL_DBNAME = jinri)
  (SID_NAME = jinri)
  ) 
)   


LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION = 
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.174.157.163)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  ) 

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
[oracle@vp02 ~]$ 

將vp01修改爲vp02對應IP

$ cat   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora 
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

JINRI =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = vp02)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = jinri)
    )
  )

6.附加oracle主目錄

cd $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin




$ $ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/runInstaller –silent -attachHome -invPrtLoc /u01/app/oraInventory/oraInst.loc  \
ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDb11g_home1" \
ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1"


Starting Oracle Universal Installer...

Checking swap space: must be greater than 500 MB.   Actual 4999 MB    Passed
The inventory pointer is located at /etc/oraInst.loc
The inventory is located at /u01/app/oraInventory
Please execute the '/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh' script at the end of the session.
'AttachHome' was successful.


#/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

--註冊
$ cat /u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml 
<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes" ?>
<!-- Copyright (c) 1999, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
All rights reserved. -->
<!-- Do not modify the contents of this file by hand. -->
<INVENTORY>
<VERSION_INFO>
   <SAVED_WITH>11.2.0.4.0</SAVED_WITH>
   <MINIMUM_VER>2.1.0.6.0</MINIMUM_VER>
</VERSION_INFO>
<HOME_LIST>
</HOME_LIST>
<COMPOSITEHOME_LIST>
</COMPOSITEHOME_LIST>
</INVENTORY>


--註冊前
$ cat /u01/app/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml 
<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes" ?>
<!-- Copyright (c) 1999, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
All rights reserved. -->
<!-- Do not modify the contents of this file by hand. -->
<INVENTORY>
<VERSION_INFO>
   <SAVED_WITH>11.2.0.4.0</SAVED_WITH>
   <MINIMUM_VER>2.1.0.6.0</MINIMUM_VER>
</VERSION_INFO>
<HOME_LIST>
<HOME NAME="OraDb11g_home1" LOC="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1" TYPE="O" IDX="1"/>
</HOME_LIST>
<COMPOSITEHOME_LIST>
</COMPOSITEHOME_LIST>
</INVENTORY>



$ cat /etc/oraInst.loc 
inventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventory
inst_group=oinstall

7.分離oracle主目錄(需要的時候)

$ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/runInstaller –silent -detachHome -invPrtLoc /u01/app/oraInventory/oraInst.loc  \
ORACLE_HOME_NAME="OraDb11g_home1" \
ORACLE_HOME="/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1"

8.啓動監聽文件

$ lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-9月 -2015 19:30:48

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

啓動/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: 請稍候...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
系統參數文件爲/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
寫入/u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/vp02/listener/alert/log.xml的日誌信息
監聽: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
監聽: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=vp02)(PORT=1521)))

正在連接到 (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
LISTENER 的 STATUS
------------------------
別名                      LISTENER
版本                      TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
啓動日期                  28-9月 -2015 19:30:48
正常運行時間              0 天 0 小時 0 分 2 秒
跟蹤級別                  off
安全性                    ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
監聽程序參數文件          /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
監聽程序日誌文件          /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/vp02/listener/alert/log.xml
監聽端點概要...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=vp02)(PORT=1521)))
監聽程序不支持服務
命令執行成功

$ tnsping jinri

TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-9月 -2015 19:31:11

Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

已使用的參數文件:
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora


已使用 TNSNAMES 適配器來解析別名
嘗試連接 (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = vp02)(PORT = 1521)) (CONNECT_DATA = (SERVER = DEDICATED) (SERVICE_NAME = jinri)))
OK (0 毫秒)

$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on 星期一 9月 28 20:17:45 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

已連接到空閒例程。

SQL> startup
ORACLE 例程已經啓動。

Total System Global Area 3925032960 bytes
Fixed Size          2259240 bytes
Variable Size         822085336 bytes
Database Buffers     3087007744 bytes
Redo Buffers           13680640 bytes
數據庫裝載完畢。
數據庫已經打開。
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE
--------------------
READ WRITE