此次安裝在桌面環境下,使用shell命令進行安裝:
a. 檢查MySQL及相關RPM包,是否安裝,如果有安裝,則移除(rpm –e 名稱)
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove mysql-libs*
b. 選擇Linux對應的RPM包,如下:
[root@localhost rpm]# ll
total 74364
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18442536 Dec 11 20:19 MySQL-client-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3340660 Dec 11 20:06 MySQL-devel-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 54360600 Dec 11 20:03 MySQL-server-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
c. 安裝MySQL
[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.26-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
#修改配置文件位置
[root@localhost rpm]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
d. 初始化MySQL及設置密碼
[root@localhost rpm]# /usr/bin/mysql_install_db
[root@localhost rpm]# service mysql start
[root@localhost rpm]# cat /root/.mysql_secret #查看root賬號密碼
# The random password set for the root user at Wed Dec 11 23:32:50 2013 (local time): qKTaFZnl
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot –pqKTaFZnl
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456'); #設置密碼爲123456
mysql> exit
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
e. 遠程登陸用戶設置
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| host | user | password |
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| localhost.localdomain | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
| 127.0.0.1 | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
| ::1 | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
+-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> exit
f. 設置開機自啓動
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysql on
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql
mysql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
g. MySQL的默認安裝位置
/var/lib/mysql/ #數據庫目錄
/usr/share/mysql #配置文件目錄
/usr/bin #相關命令目錄
/etc/init.d/mysql #啓動腳本
h. 修改字符集和數據存儲路徑
配置/etc/my.cnf文件,修改數據存放路徑、mysql.sock路徑以及默認編碼utf-8.
[client]
password = 123456
port = 3306
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
port = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
character_set_client=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
#(注意linux下mysql安裝完後是默認:表名區分大小寫,列名不區分大小寫; 0:區分大小寫,1:不區分大小寫)
lower_case_table_names=1
#(設置最大連接數,默認爲 151,MySQL服務器允許的最大連接數16384; )
max_connections=1000
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8
可查看字符集
show variables like '%collation%';
show variables like '%char%';
I.如果想遠程連接登錄mysql則需要:授權,並關閉防火牆。
1.授權;在服務端進入mysql,輸入以下命令
[GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '這裏是你的密碼' WITH GRANT OPTION;]
OR
[GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '' WITH GRANT OPTION;]
區別在於訪問時是否需要寫密碼。
這句的作用是將所有的用戶名,都設置能遠程訪問該mysql中所有的表,如果不想都放開,可以根據這個規則,來設置.grant 權限1,權限2,…權限n on 數據庫名.表名 to用戶名@用戶地址 identified by‘口令’.
2.關閉防火牆
service iptables stop 關閉命令
chkconfig iptables off 永久關閉防火牆
兩個命令同時運行,運行完成後查看防火牆關閉狀態
service iptables status
到此,mysql就安裝完成並配置成功了