Spring對Controller、Service、Dao進行Junit單元測試總結

Spring對Controller、Service、Dao進行Junit單元測試總結

需要導入的包：

<dependency>  
   <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>  
    <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>  
    <version>4.3.2.RELEASE</version>  
</dependency>  
<dependency>  
    <groupId>junit</groupId>  
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>  
    <version>4.12</version>  
</dependency> 

​ 所有用Junit進行單元測試，都需要下面的配置

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)

@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})

​ applicationContext.xml 是整個項目的Spring的配置文件。包括數據源配置、MVC配置和各種Bean的註冊掃描。如果你是多個文件，就用都好隔開寫多個，像這樣

{ "classpath:applicationContext.xml","classpath:servlet-context.xml"}

1.Dao層的單元測試。

​將*Mapper接口注入進來，直接調用即可。加上@Transactional 事物管理註解以後，單元測試執行完後會撤銷對數據庫的修改。想看增刪改的結果的話，可以把這個註解先註釋。

~~~java 
package testDao;

import com.susq.mbts.dao.UserMapper; 
import com.susq.mbts.domain.User; 
import org.junit.Test; 
import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; 
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; 
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import java.util.Date;

/** 
* Created by susq on 2017-5-3. 
*/ 
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {“classpath:applicationContext.xml”}) 
@Transactional 
public class DaoTests { 
@Autowired 
private UserMapper userMapper;

@Test
public void testSelect() {
    User userInfo = userMapper.selectByPrimaryKey(1L);
    System.out.println(userInfo);
}


@Test
public void insert(){
    User user = new User();

// user.setId(5L); 
user.setAge(“9”); 
user.setName(“王五”); 
user.setSex(“M”); 
user.setCreateTime(new Date()); 
userMapper.insert(user); 
}

@Test
public void testUpdate() {
    User user = new User();
    user.setId(5L);
    user.setAge("999");
    user.setName("王五");
    user.setSex("M");
    user.setCreateTime(new Date());

    userMapper.updateByPrimaryKey(user);
}

@Test
public void testDelete() {
    userMapper.deleteByPrimaryKey(7L);
}

}

~~~

2. Service層的單元測試與Dao層基本一致，把Service注入進來調用就行。

~~~java 
package testDao;

import com.susq.mbts.domain.User; 
import com.susq.mbts.service.UserService; 
import org.junit.Test; 
import org.junit.runner.RunWith; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; 
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;

/** 
* Created by susq on 2017-5-8. 
*/ 
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) 
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {“classpath:applicationContext.xml”}) 
public class Sertest { 
@Autowired 
private UserService userService;

@Test
public void selectUserTest() {
    User u = userService.selectUser(1);
    System.out.println(u);
}

} 
~~~

3. Controller層的單元測試

​ 一種是把Controller的Bean注入進來，調裏面的方法，這很顯然比較扯淡，連Url都沒經過，只測了方法。另一種是使用MockMvc模擬通過url的接口調用。MockMvc是SpringMVC提供的Controller測試類，每次進行單元測試時，都是預先執行@Before中的setup方法，初始healthArticleController單元測試環境。 
​ 注意：一定要把待測試的Controller實例進行MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(xxxxController).build(); 否則會拋出無法找到@RequestMapping路徑的異常：No mapping found for HTTP request with URI [/cms/app/getArticleList] in DispatcherServlet

package testDao;

import com.susq.mbts.controller.UserController;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MockMvc;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.MvcResult;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.ResultActions;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.request.MockMvcRequestBuilders;
import org.springframework.test.web.servlet.setup.MockMvcBuilders;


/**
 * Created by susq on 2017-5-8.
 */
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:applicationContext.xml"})
public class ConTest {
    @Autowired
    private UserController userController;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Before
    public void setup(){
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(userController).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void Ctest() throws Exception {
        ResultActions resultActions = this.mockMvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/show_user3").param("id", "1"));
        MvcResult mvcResult = resultActions.andReturn();
        String result = mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString();
        System.out.println("=====客戶端獲得反饋數據:" + result);
        // 也可以從response裏面取狀態碼，header,cookies...
//        System.out.println(mvcResult.getResponse().getStatus());
    }
}