Oracle數據庫操作1(OCI方式)

//============================================================================
// Name        : CExercise.cpp
// Author      : Haier
// Version     : 0.1
// Copyright   : Your copyright notice
// Description : Connect Oracle in C++, Ansi-style
//============================================================================

#include <oci.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
using namespace std;

//存放查詢數據的結構體
struct result
{
    char ename[20];
    char cname[20];
    result()
    {
        memset(ename, '\0', sizeof(ename));
        memset(cname, '\0', sizeof(cname));
    }
};

int main()
{
    // 初始化 OCI 環境句柄指針
    OCIEnv *envhpp = NULL;
    // 初始化服務器句柄
    OCIServer *servhpp = NULL;
    // 用於捕獲 OCI 錯誤信息
    OCIError *errhpp = NULL;
    // 初始化會話句柄
    OCISession *usrhpp = NULL;
    // 初始化服務上下文句柄
    OCISvcCtx *svchpp = NULL;
    // 初始化表達式句柄
    OCIStmt *stmthpp = NULL;

    string server="KFCS";

    // 創建 OCI 環境 , 並設置環境句柄。
    sword swResult = OCIEnvCreate(&envhpp, OCI_DEFAULT, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL);
    if (swResult != OCI_SUCCESS && swResult != OCI_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO)
    {
        cout << swResult<<"Oracle environment initialization error!" << endl;
        exit(1);
    }
    cout << "Oracle environment initialization success!" << endl;

    // 創建錯誤句柄
    OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhpp, (dvoid **)&errhpp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR, (size_t)0, (dvoid **)0);

    // 創建服務句柄
    OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhpp, (dvoid **)&servhpp, OCI_HTYPE_SERVER, (size_t)0, (dvoid **)0);

    // 連接服務器，如果失敗則獲取錯誤碼
    if (OCIServerAttach(servhpp, errhpp, (text *)server.c_str(), strlen(server.c_str()), 0) != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        int errcno;
        char errbuf[512] = "";
        sb4 errcode;

        // 獲取錯誤指針和 OCI 錯誤代碼
        OCIErrorGet((dvoid *)errhpp, (ub4)1, (text *)NULL, &errcode, (ub1 *)errbuf, (ub4)sizeof(errbuf), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR);
        errcno = errcode;

        cout << "Oracle server attach error:" << errbuf << endl;
        OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)envhpp,OCI_HTYPE_ENV);
        OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)servhpp,OCI_HTYPE_SERVER);
        OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)errhpp,OCI_HTYPE_ERROR);
        exit(1);
    }
    cout << "Oracle server attach success!"<< endl;

    /***************** 連接數據庫 ****************/
    string user = "so1";
    string pas = "1qaz!QAZ";
    errhpp = NULL;

    // 創建錯誤句柄
    (void) OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhpp, (dvoid **)&errhpp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR, (size_t)0, (dvoid **)0);
    // 創建服務上下文句柄
    (void) OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhpp, (dvoid **)&svchpp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, (size_t) 0, (dvoid **)0);
    // 設置屬性
    (void) OCIAttrSet((dvoid *)svchpp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, (dvoid *)servhpp, (ub4)0, OCI_ATTR_SERVER, (OCIError *)errhpp);
    // 創建用戶連接句柄
    (void) OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhpp, (dvoid **)&usrhpp, (ub4)OCI_HTYPE_SESSION, (size_t) 0, (dvoid **)0);
    // 設置用戶名、密碼
    (void) OCIAttrSet((dvoid *)usrhpp, (ub4)OCI_HTYPE_SESSION, (dvoid *)user.c_str(), (ub4)strlen(user.c_str()), (ub4)OCI_ATTR_USERNAME, errhpp);
    (void) OCIAttrSet((dvoid *)usrhpp, (ub4)OCI_HTYPE_SESSION, (dvoid *)pas.c_str(), (ub4)strlen(pas.c_str()), (ub4)OCI_ATTR_PASSWORD, errhpp);

    // 創建會話連接
    if(OCISessionBegin(svchpp, errhpp, usrhpp, OCI_CRED_RDBMS, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT) != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        int errcno;
        char errbuf[512]={'\0'};
        sb4 errcode;

        // 獲取錯誤指針和 OCI 錯誤代碼
        OCIErrorGet((dvoid *)errhpp, (ub4)1, (text *)NULL, &errcode, (ub1 *)errbuf, (ub4)sizeof(errbuf), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR);
        errcno = errcode;
        cout << "User session error:" << errbuf << endl;
        OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)errhpp,OCI_HTYPE_ERROR);
        OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)usrhpp,OCI_HTYPE_SESSION);
        OCIHandleFree((dvoid *)svchpp,OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX);
        exit(1);
    }
    cout << "user session success!" << endl;

    (void) OCIAttrSet((dvoid *)svchpp, (ub4) OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, (dvoid *)usrhpp, (ub4)0, (ub4)OCI_ATTR_SESSION, errhpp);

    /*************** 執行 查詢SQL 語句 ******************/
    errhpp = NULL;

    // 創建一個表達式句柄
    if (OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhpp, (dvoid **)&stmthpp, OCI_HTYPE_STMT, (size_t)0, (dvoid **)0) != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        cout << "Create STMT error !" << endl;
        exit(1);
    }
    cout << "Create stmt success !" << endl;

    // 創建錯誤句柄
    OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhpp, (dvoid **)&errhpp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR, (size_t)0, (dvoid **)0);

    // Select語句
    char sql[255] = "Select t.Bill_Id,t.Password from So1.Ins_Prod_a t ";

    if (OCIStmtPrepare(stmthpp, errhpp, (text *)sql, (ub4)strlen(sql), (ub4)OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT) != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
         cout << "Create prepare error!" << sql << endl;
         exit(1);
    }
    cout << "Create prepare success!" << endl;

    /********* 綁定參數 ***********/
    // 申請綁定字段的句柄
    OCIDefine *bhp1 = NULL;
    OCIDefine *bhp2 = NULL;

    // 存放數據的結構
    struct result rst;

    // 指定提取數據長度
    ub2 datalen = 0;
    // 定義指示器變量 , 用於取可能存在空值的字段
    char isnul[6] = "";
    // 定義輸出變量 ,
    OCIDefineByPos(stmthpp, &bhp1, errhpp, 1, (dvoid *)&rst.ename, sizeof(rst.ename), SQLT_STR, NULL, &datalen, NULL, OCI_DEFAULT);
    OCIDefineByPos(stmthpp, &bhp2, errhpp, 2, (dvoid *)&rst.cname, sizeof(rst.cname), SQLT_STR, NULL, &datalen, NULL, OCI_DEFAULT);

    // 獲取 SQL 語句類型
    ub2 stmt_type;
    OCIAttrGet ((dvoid *)stmthpp, (ub4)OCI_HTYPE_STMT, (dvoid *)&stmt_type, (ub4 *)0, (ub4)OCI_ATTR_STMT_TYPE, errhpp);

    // 執行 SQL 語句
    OCIStmtExecute(svchpp, stmthpp, errhpp, (ub4)0, (ub4)0, (OCISnapshot *)NULL, (OCISnapshot *)NULL, OCI_DEFAULT);

    // 獲取查詢信息
    int rows_fetched;
    do
    {
        cout << rst.ename<< " ";
        cout << rst.cname<< " \n";
    }
    while(OCIStmtFetch2(stmthpp, errhpp, 1, OCI_FETCH_NEXT, 1, OCI_DEFAULT) != OCI_NO_DATA);

    // 獲得記錄條數
    OCIAttrGet((CONST void *)stmthpp, OCI_HTYPE_STMT, (void *)&rows_fetched, (ub4 *)sizeof(rows_fetched), OCI_ATTR_ROW_COUNT, errhpp);
    cout << " rows :" << rows_fetched << endl;

    /*************** 執行 新增SQL 語句 ******************/
    if (OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhpp, (dvoid **)&stmthpp, OCI_HTYPE_STMT, (size_t)0, (dvoid **)0) != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
        cout << "Create STMT error !" << endl;
        exit(1);
    }
    cout << "Create stmt success !" << endl;

    OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)envhpp, (dvoid **)&errhpp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR, (size_t)0, (dvoid **)0);

    // Insert語句
    char sql2[255] = "insert into So1.Ins_Prod_a (Bill_Id, Password) values('12345678901', 'W*_6oJ')";

    // 準備Sql語句
    if (OCIStmtPrepare(stmthpp, errhpp, (text *)sql2, (ub4)strlen(sql2), (ub4)OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT) != OCI_SUCCESS)
    {
         cout << "Create prepare error!" << sql2 << endl;
         exit(1);
    }
    cout << "Create prepare success!" << endl;

    // 執行SQL 語句
    OCIStmtExecute(svchpp, stmthpp, errhpp, (ub4)1, (ub4)0, (OCISnapshot *)NULL, (OCISnapshot *)NULL, OCI_DEFAULT);

    // 斷開用戶會話
    OCILogoff(svchpp, errhpp);

    // 斷開服務器連接
    OCIServerDetach(servhpp, errhpp, OCI_DEFAULT);

    // 釋放資源
    OCIHandleFree((dvoid *) stmthpp, OCI_HTYPE_STMT);
    OCIHandleFree((dvoid *) svchpp, OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX);
    OCIHandleFree((dvoid *) servhpp, OCI_HTYPE_SERVER);
    OCIHandleFree((dvoid *) errhpp, OCI_HTYPE_ERROR);

    return 0;
}

運行示例：

Oracle environment initialization success!
Oracle server attach success!
user session success!
Create stmt success !
Create prepare success!
  
93710642311 W*_6oJ 
13603450721 W*_6oJ