1.dbunit從名字上可以看出,是對有關數據庫操作的測試。官網:www.dbunit.org從官網下載dbunit相關的jar包,dbunit還依賴於http://www.slf4j.org, 所以也需要下載slf4j,使用它的slf4j-api-1.7.7.jar和slf4j-simple-1.7.7.jar。
dbunit的原理是:它會把數據庫表裏的數據和一個xml文件裏表示的數據關聯起來。也就是說 數據庫表裏的數據可以導出到一個對應的xml裏,同時也可以將一個xml裏的數據導入到數據庫表裏。是相互轉換的。
數據庫表裏的數據<===>xml文件
可以做個測試如下:
package com.test.dbunit;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import org.dbunit.database.DatabaseConnection;
import org.dbunit.database.IDatabaseConnection;
import org.dbunit.database.QueryDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.xml.FlatXmlDataSet;
public class TestApp {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
"jdbc:mysql://localhost/dbunit", "root", "");
IDatabaseConnection connection = new DatabaseConnection(conn);
QueryDataSet dataSet = new QueryDataSet(connection);
//將整個person表裏的數據導出到 xml文件裏
dataSet.addTable("person");
//將users表裏符合條件的數據導出到xml文件裏
dataSet.addTable("users","select * from users where id < 4");
//導出到dbunit.xml文件裏
FlatXmlDataSet.write(dataSet,new FileOutputStream("dbunit.xml"));
}
}
如果想把某個數據庫裏的所有表裏的數據全部導出到某個xml裏,又不想通過addTable一個個來添加的話。則必須通過IDatabaseConnection的createDataSet()來創建IDataSet
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
"jdbc:mysql://localhost/dbunit", "root", "");
IDatabaseConnection connection = new DatabaseConnection(conn);
//如果想把某個數據庫裏的所有表裏的數據全部導出到某個xml裏,又不想通過addTable一個個來添加的話。則必須通過IDatabaseConnection的createDataSet()來創建IDataSet
IDataSet dataSet = connection.createDataSet();
//導出到dbunit.xml文件裏
FlatXmlDataSet.write(dataSet,new FileOutputStream("dbunit1.xml"));
//也可以用FlatDtdDataSet導出一個對應的dtd文件
FlatDtdDataSet.write(dataSet,new FileOutputStream("dbunit1.dtd"));
}
生成的dbunit.xml內容如下:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <dataset> <student Id="0001" name="翁仔" sex="m" birthday="1979-12-31"/> <student Id="0002" name="王翠花" sex="f" birthday="1982-08-09"/> <users id="1" username="zhangsan" password="123"/> <users id="2" username="lisi" password="456"/> <users id="3" username="wangwu" password="789"/> </dataset>
2.用dbunit做測試,需要繼承DBTestCase,並需要重寫protected IDataSet getDataSet() throws Exception
package com.chenjo.expa;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.dbunit.Assertion;
import org.dbunit.DBTestCase;
import org.dbunit.PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester;
import org.dbunit.database.DatabaseConnection;
import org.dbunit.database.IDatabaseConnection;
import org.dbunit.database.QueryDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.IDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.ITable;
import org.dbunit.dataset.SortedTable;
import org.dbunit.dataset.filter.DefaultColumnFilter;
import org.dbunit.dataset.xml.FlatXmlDataSet;
import org.dbunit.operation.DatabaseOperation;
public class SimpleTest extends DBTestCase {
private File file = null;
public SimpleTest()
{
// super();
System.setProperty(
PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester.DBUNIT_DRIVER_CLASS,
"com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
System.setProperty(
PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester.DBUNIT_CONNECTION_URL,
"jdbc:mysql://localhost/test");
System.setProperty(PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester.DBUNIT_USERNAME,
"root");
System.setProperty(PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester.DBUNIT_PASSWORD,
"root");
}
/**
* 給定數據集
*/
@Override
protected IDataSet getDataSet() throws Exception {
System.out.println("init...");
return new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit.xml"));
}
public void test1() throws Exception{
IDataSet dbDataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
ITable dbTable = dbDataSet.getTable("users");
IDataSet xmlDataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit.xml"));
ITable xmlTable = xmlDataSet.getTable("users");
Assertion.assertEquals(xmlTable, dbTable);
}
/**
* 表結構和dbunit1.xml結構不一致
*/
public void test2() throws Exception{
IDataSet dbDataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
ITable dbTable = dbDataSet.getTable("users");
IDataSet xmlDataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit1.xml"));
ITable xmlTable = xmlDataSet.getTable("users");
//第一種寫法
// dbTable = DefaultColumnFilter.includedColumnsTable(dbTable,xmlTable.getTableMetaData().getColumns());
//第二種寫法
dbTable = DefaultColumnFilter.includedColumnsTable(dbTable,xmlDataSet.getTableMetaData("users").getColumns());
Assertion.assertEquals(xmlTable, dbTable);
}
/**
* 只比較username
*/
public void test3() throws Exception{
IDataSet dbDataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
ITable dbTable = dbDataSet.getTable("users");
IDataSet xmlDataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit1.xml"));
ITable xmlTable = xmlDataSet.getTable("users");
dbTable = DefaultColumnFilter.excludedColumnsTable(dbTable, new String[]{"id","password"});
xmlTable = DefaultColumnFilter.excludedColumnsTable(dbTable, new String[]{"password"});
Assertion.assertEquals(xmlTable, dbTable);
}
/**
* 表裏數據和dbunit2.xml裏的數據的順序不一致
*/
public void test4() throws Exception{
IDataSet dbDataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
ITable dbTable = dbDataSet.getTable("users");
IDataSet xmlDataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit2.xml"));
ITable xmlTable = xmlDataSet.getTable("users");
SortedTable dbSortedTable = new SortedTable(dbTable,new String[]{"id"});
//按數據庫裏表結構字段類型來進行排序,如果是int則按int排序,不是依照字符串的形式排序
dbSortedTable.setUseComparable(true);
SortedTable xmlSortedTable = new SortedTable(xmlTable,new String[]{"id"});
//按數據庫裏表結構字段類型來進行排序,如果是int則按int排序,不是依照字符串的形式排序
xmlSortedTable.setUseComparable(true);
Assertion.assertEquals(xmlSortedTable, dbSortedTable);
}
/**
* 對Users表插入一條記錄做測試
* @throws Exception
*/
public void test5() throws Exception{
UsersDAO db = new UsersDAO();
User user = new User();
user.setId(9);
user.setUsername("hello");
user.setPassword("world");
db.save(user);
IDataSet dataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
ITable actualTable = dataSet.getTable("users");
IDataSet dataSet2 = new FlatXmlDataSet(new File("expected.xml"));
ITable expectedTable = dataSet2.getTable("users");
Assertion.assertEquals(expectedTable, actualTable);
}
/**
* 在把xml裏的數據導入到db裏之前,需要對數據庫裏的表的數據做的操作。
*/
protected DatabaseOperation getSetUpOperation() throws Exception
{
// 連接DB
Connection conn=getMySqlConnection();
// 獲得DB 連接
IDatabaseConnection connection = connection =new DatabaseConnection(conn);
// 對數據庫中的操作對象表student 進行備份
QueryDataSet backupDataSet = new QueryDataSet(connection);
backupDataSet.addTable("student");
file=File.createTempFile("student_back",".xml");// 備份文件
FlatXmlDataSet.write(backupDataSet,new FileOutputStream(file));
// 準備數據的讀入
IDataSet dataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet( new FileInputStream("dbunit.xml"));
System.out.println("setup...");
DatabaseOperation.CLEAN_INSERT.execute(connection,dataSet);
return DatabaseOperation.NONE;
}
/**
* 測試執行完以後,需要對數據庫裏的表裏的數據做的操作
*/
protected DatabaseOperation getTearDownOperation() throws Exception
{
Connection conn=getMySqlConnection();
IDatabaseConnection connection =new DatabaseConnection(conn);
IDataSet dataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(file);
DatabaseOperation.CLEAN_INSERT.execute(connection,dataSet);
System.out.println("teardown...");
return DatabaseOperation.NONE;
}
Connection getMySqlConnection() {
// 驅動程序名
String driver = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
// URL指向要訪問的數據庫名test
String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test";
// MySQL配置時的用戶名
String user = "root";
// MySQL配置時的密碼
String password = "root";
Connection conn = null;
// 加載驅動程序
try {
Class.forName(driver);
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return conn;
}
}
其中expected.xml內容爲:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?> <dataset> <person/> <users id="1" username="zhangsan" password="123"/> <users id="2" username="lisi" password="456"/> <users id="3" username="wangwu" password="789"/> <users id="9" username="hello" password="world"/> </dataset>
補充說明:
數據庫test的編碼格式: utf-8
expected.xml: 以 UTF-8 無BOM格式編碼 (Notepadd++)