Linux總結筆記9-搭建Postfix郵件服務器

1.修改主機名和部署好DNS服務器

[root@linux1 ~]# hostname
mail.kangvcar.com

[root@linux1 ~]# cat /etc/named.conf    //修改/etc/named.conf文件
        listen-on port 53 { any; };
        allow-query     { any; };

[root@linux1 ~]# cat /etc/named.rfc1912.zones   //修改/etc/named.rfc1912.zones文件
zone "kangvcar.com" IN {
        type master;
        file "kangvcar.com.zone";
        allow-update { none;};
};

zone "100.168.192.arpa" IN {
        type master;
        file "192.168.100.arpa";
        allow-update { none;};
};

[root@linux1 ~]# cat /var/named/kangvcar.com.zone   //修改/var/named/kangvcar.com.zone 文件
$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  kangvcar.com. root.kangvcar.com. (
                                        0       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
        NS      ns.kangvcar.com.
ns      IN A    192.168.100.10
@       IN MX 10        mail.kangvcar.com.
mail    IN A    192.168.100.10

[root@linux1 ~]# cat /var/named/192.168.100.arpa    //修改/var/named/192.168.100.arpa 文件
$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  kangvcar.com. root.kangvcar.com. (
                                        0       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
        NS      ns.kangvcar.com.
ns      IN A    192.168.100.10

[root@linux1 ~]# nslookup       //驗證
> mail.kangvcar.com
Server:         192.168.100.10
Address:        192.168.100.10#53

Name:   mail.kangvcar.com
Address: 192.168.100.10

2.安裝 postfix 服務程序

[root@linux1 ~]# yum -y install postfix

3.修改postfix主配置文件

[root@linux1 ~]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf
myhostname = mail.kangvcar.com      //設置服務器的主機名
mydomain = kangvcar.com     //設置服務器的域名
myorigin = $mydomain        //定義寄出郵件的域
inet_interfaces = all       //指定要由服務器的那些IP地址對外提供電子郵件服務
mydestination = $myhostname,$mydomain       //定義的可接收郵件的主機名或域名列表

[root@linux1 ~]# systemctl restart postfix
[root@linux1 ~]# systemctl enable postfix

4.安裝dovecot 服務程序

[root@linux1 ~]# yum -y install dovecot

5.修改dovecot主配置文件

[root@linux1 ~]# vim /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf
protocols = imap pop3 lmtp      //設置支持的電子郵件協議修改爲imap、pop3和lmtp
disable_plaintext_auth = no     //允許客戶的明文登陸行爲
login_trusted_networks = 192.168.100.0/24   //設置允許登陸的網段地址，如果想允許所有人都能來使用，可以不用修改本條參數

6.修改dovecot子配置文件

[root@linux1 ~]# vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf
mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u      //定義要將收到的郵件信息保存到服務器本地的路徑

7.創建郵件用戶，並創建郵箱存放目錄

[root@linux1 ~]# useradd user1
[root@linux1 ~]# su - user1
[user1@mail ~]$ mkdir -p mail/.imap/INBOX

8.啓動dovecot服務程序

[root@linux1 ~]# systemctl restart dovecot
[root@linux1 ~]# systemctl enable dovecot

9.驗證

[root@linux1 ~]# echo "this is for user1 mail" | mail -s "test mail" [e-mail]
[root@linux1 ~]# su - user1
[user1@mail ~]$ mail
Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10.  Type ? for help.
"/var/spool/mail/user1": 1 message 1 new
>N  1 root                  Thu Apr 13 02:27  18/589   "test mail"
& 1
Message  1:
From [e-mail]  Thu Apr 13 02:27:55 2017
Return-Path: <[e-mail]>
X-Original-To: [e-mail]
Delivered-To: [e-mail]
Date: Thu, 13 Apr 2017 02:27:54 +0800
To: [e-mail]
Subject: test mail
User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7/5/10
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
From: [e-mail] (root)
Status: R

this is for user1 mail

& 

10.擴展–設置郵箱別名

[root@linux1 ~]# vim /etc/aliases
hkj:            user1       //加入一行別名設置，當發送給[e-mail]這個郵箱時，實際上是發送給了user1用戶的郵箱裏
[root@linux1 ~]# newaliases     //讓別名立刻生效