windows socket

源代碼奉上,流程圖。。。這個太簡單了,你自己看看。。。。。。。

//TCP
//服務器端程序
#include< stdio.h >
#include< stdlib.h >
#include< windows.h >
#include< winsock.h >
#include< string.h > 

#pragma comment( lib, "ws2_32.lib" )

#define PORT 2046
#define BACKLOG 10
#define TRUE 1

void main( void )
{
int iServerSock;
int iClientSock;

char *buf = "hello, world!\n";

struct sockaddr_in ServerAddr;
struct sockaddr_in ClientAddr;

int sin_size;

WSADATA WSAData;

if( WSAStartup( MAKEWORD( 1, 1 ), &WSAData ) )//初始化
{
printf( "initializationing error!\n" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}

if( ( iServerSock = socket( AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0 ) ) == INVALID_SOCKET )
{
printf( "創建套接字失敗!\n" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}

ServerAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
ServerAddr.sin_port = htons( PORT );//監視的端口號
ServerAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;//本地IP
memset( & ( ServerAddr.sin_zero ), 0, sizeof( ServerAddr.sin_zero ) );


if( bind( iServerSock, ( struct sockaddr * )&ServerAddr, sizeof( struct sockaddr ) ) == -1 )
{
printf( "bind調用失敗!\n" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}

if( listen( iServerSock, BACKLOG ) == -1 )
{
printf( "listen調用失敗!\n" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}

while( TRUE )
{
sin_size = sizeof( struct sockaddr_in );
iClientSock = accept( iServerSock, ( struct sockaddr * )&ClientAddr, &sin_size );

if( iClientSock == -1 )
{
printf( "accept調用失敗!\n" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}

printf( "服務器連接到%s\n", inet_ntoa( ClientAddr.sin_addr ) );
if( send( iClientSock, buf, strlen( buf ), 0 ) == -1 )
{
printf( "send調用失敗!" );
closesocket( iClientSock );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}
}
}


/////客戶端程序
#include< stdio.h >
#include< stdlib.h >
#include< windows.h >
#include< winsock.h >
#include< string.h > 

#pragma comment( lib, "ws2_32.lib" )

#define PORT 2046
#define BACKLOG 10
#define TRUE 1
#define MAXDATASIZE 100


void main( void )
{

int iClientSock;
char buf[ MAXDATASIZE ];
struct sockaddr_in ServerAddr;
int numbytes;
// struct hostent *he;
WSADATA WSAData;

// int sin_size;

/* if( ( he = gethostbyname( "liuys" ) ) == NULL )
{
printf( "gethostbyname調用失敗!" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}
*/


if( WSAStartup( MAKEWORD( 1, 1 ), &WSAData ) )//初始化
{
printf( "initializationing error!\n" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}

if( ( iClientSock = socket( AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0 ) ) == INVALID_SOCKET )
{
printf( "創建套接字失敗!\n" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}

ServerAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
ServerAddr.sin_port = htons( PORT );
// ServerAddr.sin_addr = *( ( struct in_addr * )he->h_addr );
ServerAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr( "192.168.2.194" );//記得換IP
memset( &( ServerAddr.sin_zero ), 0, sizeof( ServerAddr.sin_zero ) );

if( connect( iClientSock, ( struct sockaddr * ) & ServerAddr, sizeof( struct sockaddr ) ) == -1 )
{
printf( "connect失敗!" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}

numbytes = recv( iClientSock, buf, MAXDATASIZE, 0 );

if( numbytes == -1 )
{
printf( "recv失敗!" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}

buf[ numbytes ] = '\0';

printf( "Received: %s", buf );

closesocket( iClientSock );
WSACleanup( );
}


/////UDP
//服務器
#include< stdio.h >
#include< string.h >
#include< winsock.h >
#include< windows.h >

#pragma comment( lib, "ws2_32.lib" )

#define PORT 2046
#define BACKLOG 10
#define TRUE 1
#define MAXDATASIZE 1000

void main( void )
{
int iServerSock;
// int iClientSock;

int addr_len;
int numbytes;

char buf[ MAXDATASIZE ];

struct sockaddr_in ServerAddr;
struct sockaddr_in ClientAddr;

WSADATA WSAData; 
if( WSAStartup( MAKEWORD( 1, 1 ), &WSAData ) )
{
printf( "initializationing error!\n" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}

iServerSock = socket( AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0 );
if( iServerSock == INVALID_SOCKET )
{
printf( "創建套接字失敗!\n" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}


ServerAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
ServerAddr.sin_port = htons( PORT );//監視的端口號
ServerAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;//本地IP
memset( & ( ServerAddr.sin_zero ), 0, sizeof( ServerAddr.sin_zero ) );


if( bind( iServerSock, ( struct sockaddr * )&ServerAddr, sizeof( struct sockaddr ) ) == -1 )
{
printf( "bind調用失敗!\n" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}


addr_len = sizeof( struct sockaddr );
numbytes = recvfrom( iServerSock, buf, MAXDATASIZE, 0, ( struct sockaddr * ) & ClientAddr, &addr_len );
if( numbytes == -1 )
{
printf( "recvfrom調用失敗!\n" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}

printf( "got packet from %s\n", inet_ntoa( ClientAddr.sin_addr ) );
printf( "packet is %d bytes long\n", numbytes );
buf[ numbytes ] = '\0';
printf( "packet contains \"%s\"\n", buf );

closesocket( iServerSock );
WSACleanup( );


}
//客戶端
#include< stdio.h >
#include< stdlib.h >
#include< windows.h >
#include< winsock.h >
#include< string.h >

#pragma comment( lib, "ws2_32.lib" )

#define PORT 2046
#define MAXDATASIZE 100


void main( void )
{

int iClientSock;
struct sockaddr_in ServerAddr;

int numbytes;
char buf[ MAXDATASIZE ] = { 0 };

WSADATA WSAData;
if( WSAStartup( MAKEWORD( 1, 1 ), &WSAData ) )
{
printf( "initializationing error!\n" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}

if( ( iClientSock = socket( AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0 ) ) == -1 )
{
printf( "創建套接字失敗!\n" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}

ServerAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
ServerAddr.sin_port = htons( PORT );
ServerAddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr( "192.168.2.194" );//記得換IP
memset( &( ServerAddr.sin_zero ), 0, sizeof( ServerAddr.sin_zero ) );


numbytes = sendto( iClientSock, buf, strlen( buf ), 0, ( struct sockaddr * ) & ServerAddr, sizeof( struct sockaddr ) );
if( numbytes == -1 )
{
printf( "sendto調用失敗!\n" );
WSACleanup( );
exit( 0 );
}

printf( "sent %d bytes to %s\n", numbytes, inet_ntoa( ServerAddr.sin_addr ) );

closesocket( iClientSock );
WSACleanup( );
} 



Socket程序從windows移植到linux下需要注意的

分類: Socket編程

關於這個話題網上流傳的是一個相同的版本,就是那個第一項是頭文件的區別,但後面列出的頭文件只有#include沒有(估計是原版的在不斷轉載的過程中有人不小心忘了把尖括號轉義,讓瀏覽器當html標記解析沒了)的那個。現在整理了一下,以後也會不斷補充內容。

1)頭文件 
windows下winsock.h或winsock2.h
linux下netinet/in.h(大部分都在這兒),unistd.h(close函數在這兒),sys/socket.h(在in.h裏已經包含了,可以省了)

2)初始化
windows下需要用WSAStartup啓動Ws2_32.lib,並且要用#pragma comment(lib,"Ws2_32")來告知編譯器鏈接該lib。
linux下不需要

3)關閉socket
windows下closesocket(...)
linux下close(...)

4)類型
windows下SOCKET
linux下int(我喜歡用long,這樣保證是4byte,因爲-1我總喜歡寫成0xFFFF)

5)獲取錯誤碼 
windows下getlasterror()/WSAGetLastError()
linux下,未能成功執行的socket操作會返回-1;如果包含了errno.h,就會設置errno變量

6)設置非阻塞
windows下ioctlsocket()
linux下fcntl(),需要頭文件fcntl.h

7)send函數最後一個參數
windows下一般設置爲0
linux下最好設置爲MSG_NOSIGNAL,如果不設置,在發送出錯後有可能會導致程序退出

8)毫秒級時間獲取
windows下GetTickCount()
linux下gettimeofday()

9)多線程 
windows下包含process.h,使用_beginthread和_endthread
linux下包含pthread.h,使用pthread_create和pthread_exit

10)用IP定義一個地址(sockaddr_in的結構的區別)
windows下addr_var.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr
linux下addr_var.sin_addr.s_addr
而且Winsock裏最後那個32bit的S_addr也有幾個以聯合(Union)的形式與它共享內存空間的成員變量(便於以其他方式賦值),而 Linux的Socket沒有這個聯合,就是一個32bit的s_addr。遇到那種得到了是4個char的IP的形式(比如127一個,0一個,0一個和1一個共四個char),WinSock可以直接用4個S_b來賦值到S_addr裏,而在Linux下,可以用邊向左移位(一下8bit,共四下)邊相加的方法賦值。

11)異常處理
linux下當連接斷開,還發數據的時候,不僅send()的返回值會有反映,而且還會像系統發送一個異常消息,如果不作處理,系統會出BrokePipe,程序會退出。爲此,send()函數的最後一個參數可以設 MSG_NOSIGNAL,禁止send()函數向系統發送異常消息。

 

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