1. 從官網下載 mysql-5.7.9-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
經測試， 本文還適用於如下版本：
mysql-5.7.10-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
mysql-5.7.11-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
官網： http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
mysql搜狐鏡像站：
http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/
# wget -c http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.9-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
2. 創建mysql的用戶組/用戶, data目錄及其用戶目錄
# groupadd mysql
# useradd -g mysql -d /home/mysql mysql
# mkdir /home/mysql/data
3. 解壓安裝包並將解壓包裏的內容拷貝到mysql的安裝目錄/home/mysql
# tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.9-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
# cd mysql-5.7.9-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
# mv * /home/mysql
4. 初始化mysql數據庫
# sudo apt-get install libaio1 libaio-dev
# cd /home/mysql
# ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/home/mysql --datadir=/home/mysql/data
2015-11-10 02:09:17 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
2015-11-10 02:09:23 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
2015-11-10 02:09:23 [WARNING] 2015-11-10T10:09:18.114182Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
2015-11-10T10:09:18.129343Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
2015-11-10T10:09:18.129408Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000)
p.s. : mysql5.7新特性：由上面可以看出， mysql_install_db 已經不再推薦使用了，建議改成 mysqld --initialize 完成實例初始化。
# ./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/home/mysql --datadir=/home/mysql/data --initialize
改用 mysqld --initialize 後，如果 datadir 指向的目標目錄下已經有數據文件, 會出現如下提示：
# ./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/home/mysql --datadir=/home/mysql/data --initialize
2016-04-08T01:46:53.153530Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-04-08T01:46:53.155856Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2016-04-08T01:46:53.155879Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting
由上可知， 我們需要清空mysql的data目錄， 執行清空命令如下：
# cd /home/mysql/data
# rm -fr *
然後重新執行初始化命令如下：
# ./bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/home/mysql --datadir=/home/mysql/data --initialize
2016-04-08T01:47:57.556677Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-04-08T01:47:59.945537Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2016-04-08T01:48:00.333528Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-04-08T01:48:00.434908Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: ece26421-fd2b-11e5-a1e3-00163e001e5c.
2016-04-08T01:48:00.440125Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2016-04-08T01:48:00.440904Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: **mjT,#x_5sW
牢記上面的隨機密碼， 如上**mjT,#x_5sW, 下面我們修改密碼時需要用到。
5. 檢測下是否能啓動mysql服務
# cd /home/mysql
# ./support-files/mysql.server start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
若改用了/home/mysql爲mysql的安裝目錄basedir， 則在啓動服務時會出現如下錯誤：
# ./support-files/mysql.server start
./support-files/mysql.server: line 276: cd: /usr/local/mysql: No such file or directory
Starting MySQL ERROR! Couldn't find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)
由上面可知mysql的tar.gz安裝包的默認安裝目錄爲/usr/local/mysql， 這時候我們需要修改/support-files/mysql.server文件的basedir和datadir目錄路徑爲我們環境所在的mysql的basedir和datadir路徑， 如下：
# vim support-files/mysql.server
--------------------------
...
basedir=/home/mysql
datadir=/home/mysql/data
...
--------------------------
# ./support-files/mysql.server start
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
6. 創建軟鏈接
# ln -s /home/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql
7. 創建配置文件
將默認生成的my.cnf備份
# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
進入mysql的安裝目錄支持文件目錄
# cd /home/mysql/support-files
拷貝配置文件模板爲新的mysql配置文件,
# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
可按需修改新的配置文件選項， 不修改配置選項， mysql則按默認配置參數運行.
如下是我修改配置文件/etc/my.cnf， 設置編碼爲utf8以防亂碼
# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir = /home/mysql
datadir = /home/mysql/data
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
8. 配置mysql服務開機自動啓動
拷貝啓動文件到/etc/init.d/下並重命令爲mysqld
# cp /home/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
增加執行權限
# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
檢查自啓動項列表中沒有mysqld這個，如果沒有就添加mysqld：
# chkconfig --list mysqld
# chkconfig --add mysqld
設置MySQL在345等級自動啓動
# chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on
或用這個命令設置開機啓動：
# chkconfig mysqld on
新版的linux發行版採用systemctl來管理服務， 則chkconfig命令不能使用， 通過systemctl來實現服務開機自啓動， 如下：
# systemctl enable mysqld
mysqld.service is not a native service, redirecting to systemd-sysv-install
Executing /lib/systemd/systemd-sysv-install enable mysqld
9. mysql服務的啓動/重啓/停止
啓動mysql服務
# service mysqld start
或
# systemctl start mysqld
重啓mysql服務
# service mysqld restart
或
# systemctl restart mysqld
停止mysql服務
# service mysqld stop
或
# systemctl stop mysqld
10. 初始化mysql用戶root的密碼
先將mysql服務停止
# service mysqld stop
進入mysql安裝目錄， 執行：
# cd /home/mysql
# ./bin/mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking&
[1] 6225
[root@localhost mysql]# 151110 02:46:08 mysqld_safe Logging to '/home/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
151110 02:46:08 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /home/mysql/data
另外打開一個終端(p.s. 如果是ssh連接登錄的, 另外創建一個ssh連接即可）， 執行操作如下：
# mysql -u root mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.9 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD('123456') WHERE user='root';
ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'password' in 'field list'
mysql> update user set authentication_string = PASSWORD('123456') where user = 'root';
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> \s
--------------
mysql Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.9, for linux-glibc2.5 (x86_64) using EditLine wrapper
Connection id: 2
Current database: mysql
Current user: root@
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 5.7.9 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8
Db characterset: utf8
Client characterset: utf8
Conn. characterset: utf8
UNIX socket: /tmp/mysql.sock
Uptime: 4 min 47 sec
Threads: 1 Questions: 43 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 127 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 122 Queries per second avg: 0.149
--------------
mysql> exit;
Bye
到此， 設置完mysql用戶root的密碼且確保mysql編碼集是utf8, 注意上面， 新版本的mysql.user表裏的密碼字段是authentication_string
快捷鍵ctrl + c停止# ./bin/mysqld_safe ...命令， 重新啓動mysql服務， 用新密碼連接mysql：
# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL SUCCESS!
[root@localhost bin]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.9
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use mysql;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql > exit;
Bye
咦？又要我改密碼， 我們通過mysqladmin來修改密碼， 先輸入原密碼， 再設置新密碼， 總算可以了吧！！！
# cd /home/mysql
# ./bin/mysqladmin -u root -p password
Enter password:
New password:
Confirm new password:
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.9 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql>
或直接：
# ./bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p'**mjT,#x_5sW' password '123456'
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
其中， **mjT,#x_5sW就是我們在使用mysqld --initialize時牢記下的隨機密碼
11. mysql遠程授權
格式如下：
mysql> grant all [privileges] on db_name.table_name to 'username'@'host' identified by 'password';
示例如下：
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.04 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
或用
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
到此， 完成了mysql的安裝 及配置！！！