習題 13: 參數、解包、變量
大體來說就是寫個接受參數的腳本
argv 是所謂的“參數變量 (argument variable)”，是一個非常標準的編程術語。在其他的編程語言裏你
也可以看到它。這個變量包含了你傳遞給 Python 的參數。
ex11.py
#-*- coding:utf-8-*-
from sys import argv #其實就是允許使用argv這個內建變量，而import就是模組(modules）
script, first, second, third = argv
#解包，script是腳本（xxx.py）文件名
#first, second, third分別是第1,2,3個命令行參數
print "The script is called:", script
print "Your first variable is:", first
print "Your second variable is:", second
print "Your third variable is:",third
運行結果:
感悟與自我測試:
raw_input()與argv的區別：使用的時機不同，由以上例子可以看出，
argv是在在用戶執行時候使用的。
raw_input()則是在使用中使用的。
以下進行合併測試：
ex13_1.py
#-*- coding:utf-8-*-
from sys import argv
script, first, second, third, fourth = argv
print "The script is called:",script
print "The first dog is called:", first
print "The second dog is called:", second
print "The third dog is called:", third
print "The fourth dog is called:", fourth
name =raw_input("What's you name?")
print "Oh, %r, your are so good!" %name
運行結果:
習題 14: 提示和傳遞
目標：
v 和 raw_input，爲如何讀寫文件做基礎
ex14.py
# -*- coding: utf-8-*-
from sys import argv
script,user_name = argv #此處只定義一個，所以之後需要跟一個命令參數
prompt = '>'
prompt1 = '>>>>'
print "Hi %s, I'm the %s script." %(user_name, script)
#此處也很好理解，一個是我們跟的命令參數，
#一個是這個腳本的名稱，此處爲ex14.py
print "I'd like to ask you a few questions."
print "Do you like me %s?" % user_name
likes = raw_input(prompt)
print "Where do you live %s?" %user_name
lives = raw_input(prompt1)
print "What kind of computer do you have?"
computer = raw_input(prompt)
print """
Alright, so you said %r about likingme.
You live in %r. Not sure where thatis.
And you have a %r computer. Nice.
""" %(likes , lives, computer)
運行結果:
習題 15: 讀取文件
目標與感悟：
|
熟練使用 |
arg |
|
學習使用 |
open(filename) |
|
|
.read() |
|
sys |
是一個代碼庫，from sys import argv是從sys代碼庫中提取內置的argv，所以後續無需再定義argv |
ex15.py
# -*- coding:utf-8-*-
from sys import argv
script, filename = argv
txt = open(filename) #txt表示動作，打開filename
print "Here'syour file %r:" %filename #打印所跟的命令參數
print txt.read() #理解爲固定用法，讀取txt的內容
print "Typethe filename again:" #詢問是否再一次讀取
file_again = raw_input(">") #用>來引導輸入，將輸入的結果定義給file_again
txt_again = open(file_again) #將打開輸入結果文件的動作定義給txt_again
printtxt_again.read() #打印讀取txt_again的內容
ex15_sample.txt
This is stuff Ityped into a file.
It is really coolstuff.
Lots and lots of funto have in here.
運行結果:
