HBase學習之路 （三）HBase集羣Shell操作
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目錄
正文
進入HBase命令行
在你安裝的隨意臺服務器節點上，執行命令：hbase shell，會進入到你的 hbase shell 客 戶端
[hadoop@hadoop1 ~]$ hbase shell
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/hadoop/apps/hbase-1.2.6/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/hadoop/apps/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
HBase Shell; enter 'help<RETURN>' for list of supported commands.
Type "exit<RETURN>" to leave the HBase Shell
Version 1.2.6, rUnknown, Mon May 29 02:25:32 CDT 2017
hbase(main):001:0>
說明，先看一下提示。其實是不是有一句很重要的話：
HBase Shell; enter 'help<RETURN>' for list of supported commands.
Type "exit<RETURN>" to leave the HBase Shell
講述了怎麼獲得幫助，怎麼退出客戶端
help 獲取幫助
help：獲取所有命令提示
help "dml" ：獲取一組命令的提示
help "put" ：獲取一個單獨命令的提示幫助
exit 退出 hbase shell 客戶端
HBase表的操作
關於表的操作包括（創建create，查看錶列表list。查看錶的詳細信息desc，刪除表drop，清空表truncate，修改表的定義alter）
創建create
可以輸入以下命令進行查看幫助命令
hbase(main):001:0> help 'create'
可以看到其中一條提示
hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1'}, {NAME => 'f2'}, {NAME => 'f3'}
其中t1是表名，f1,f2,f3是列簇的名，如：
hbase(main):002:0> create 'myHbase',{NAME => 'myCard',VERSIONS => 5}
0 row(s) in 3.1270 seconds
=> Hbase::Table - myHbase
hbase(main):003:0>
創建了一個名爲myHbase的表，表裏面有1個列簇，名爲myCard，保留5個版本信息
查看錶列表list
可以輸入以下命令進行查看幫助命令
hbase(main):003:0> help 'list'
List all tables in hbase. Optional regular expression parameter could
be used to filter the output. Examples:
hbase> list
hbase> list 'abc.*'
hbase> list 'ns:abc.*'
hbase> list 'ns:.*'
hbase(main):004:0>
直接輸入list進行查看
hbase(main):004:0> list
TABLE
myHbase
1 row(s) in 0.0650 seconds
=> ["myHbase"]
hbase(main):005:0>
只有一條結果，就是剛剛創建的表myHbase
查看錶的詳細信息desc
一個大括號，就相當於一個列簇。
hbase(main):006:0> desc 'myHbase'
Table myHbase is ENABLED
myHbase
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => 'myCard', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '5', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', D
ATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'
, BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
1 row(s) in 0.2160 seconds
hbase(main):007:0>
修改表的定義alter
添加一個列簇
hbase(main):007:0> alter 'myHbase', NAME => 'myInfo'
Updating all regions with the new schema...
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 2.0690 seconds
hbase(main):008:0> desc 'myHbase'
Table myHbase is ENABLED
myHbase
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => 'myCard', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '5', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', D
ATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'
, BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
{NAME => 'myInfo', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', D
ATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'
, BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
2 row(s) in 0.0420 seconds
hbase(main):009:0>
刪除一個列簇
hbase(main):009:0> alter 'myHbase', NAME => 'myCard', METHOD => 'delete'
Updating all regions with the new schema...
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 2.1920 seconds
hbase(main):010:0> desc 'myHbase'
Table myHbase is ENABLED
myHbase
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => 'myInfo', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', D
ATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'
, BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
1 row(s) in 0.0290 seconds
hbase(main):011:0>
刪除一個列簇也可以執行以下命令
alter 'myHbase', 'delete' => 'myCard'
添加列簇hehe同時刪除列簇myInfo
hbase(main):011:0> alter 'myHbase', {NAME => 'hehe'}, {NAME => 'myInfo', METHOD => 'delete'}
Updating all regions with the new schema...
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
Updating all regions with the new schema...
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 3.8260 seconds
hbase(main):012:0> desc 'myHbase'
Table myHbase is ENABLED
myHbase
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => 'hehe', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DAT
A_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true',
BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'}
1 row(s) in 0.0410 seconds
hbase(main):013:0>
清空表truncate
hbase(main):013:0> truncate 'myHbase'
Truncating 'myHbase' table (it may take a while):
- Disabling table...
- Truncating table...
0 row(s) in 3.6760 seconds
hbase(main):014:0>
刪除表drop
hbase(main):014:0> drop 'myHbase'
ERROR: Table myHbase is enabled. Disable it first.
Here is some help for this command:
Drop the named table. Table must first be disabled:
hbase> drop 't1'
hbase> drop 'ns1:t1'
hbase(main):015:0>
直接刪除表會報錯，根據提示需要先停用表
hbase(main):015:0> disable 'myHbase'
0 row(s) in 2.2620 seconds
hbase(main):016:0> drop 'myHbase'
0 row(s) in 1.2970 seconds
hbase(main):017:0> list
TABLE
0 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds
=> []
hbase(main):018:0>
HBase表中數據的操作
關於數據的操作（增put，刪delete，查get + scan, 改==變相的增加）
創建 user 表，包含 info、data 兩個列簇
hbase(main):018:0> create 'user_info',{NAME=>'base_info',VERSIONS=>3 },{NAME=>'extra_info',VERSIONS=>1 }
0 row(s) in 4.2670 seconds
=> Hbase::Table - user_info
hbase(main):019:0>
增put
查看幫助，需要傳入表名，rowkey，列簇名、值等
hbase(main):019:0> help 'put'
Put a cell 'value' at specified table/row/column and optionally
timestamp coordinates. To put a cell value into table 'ns1:t1' or 't1'
at row 'r1' under column 'c1' marked with the time 'ts1', do:
hbase> put 'ns1:t1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value'
hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value'
hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1
hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', {ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}
hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1, {ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}
hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1, {VISIBILITY=>'PRIVATE|SECRET'}
The same commands also can be run on a table reference. Suppose you had a reference
t to table 't1', the corresponding command would be:
hbase> t.put 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1, {ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}
hbase(main):020:0>
向 user 表中插入信息，row key 爲 user0001，列簇 base_info 中添加 name 列標示符，值爲 zhangsan1
hbase(main):020:0> put 'user_info', 'user0001', 'base_info:name', 'zhangsan1'
0 row(s) in 0.2900 seconds
hbase(main):021:0>
此處可以多添加幾條數據
查get + scan
獲取 user 表中 row key 爲 user0001 的所有信息
hbase(main):022:0> get 'user_info', 'user0001'
COLUMN CELL
base_info:name timestamp=1522320801670, value=zhangsan1
1 row(s) in 0.1310 seconds
hbase(main):023:0>
獲取user表中row key爲rk0001，info列簇的所有信息
hbase(main):025:0> get 'user_info', 'rk0001', 'base_info'
COLUMN CELL
base_info:name timestamp=1522321247732, value=zhangsan
1 row(s) in 0.0320 seconds
hbase(main):026:0>
查詢user_info表中的所有信息
hbase(main):026:0> scan 'user_info'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
rk0001 column=base_info:name, timestamp=1522321247732, value=zhangsan
user0001 column=base_info:name, timestamp=1522320801670, value=zhangsan1
2 row(s) in 0.0970 seconds
hbase(main):027:0>
查詢user_info表中列簇爲base_info的信息
hbase(main):027:0> scan 'user_info', {COLUMNS => 'base_info'}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
rk0001 column=base_info:name, timestamp=1522321247732, value=zhangsan
user0001 column=base_info:name, timestamp=1522320801670, value=zhangsan1
2 row(s) in 0.0620 seconds
hbase(main):028:0>
刪delete
刪除user_info表row key爲rk0001，列標示符爲base_info:name的數據
hbase(main):028:0> delete 'user_info', 'rk0001', 'base_info:name'
0 row(s) in 0.0780 seconds
hbase(main):029:0> scan 'user_info', {COLUMNS => 'base_info'}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
user0001 column=base_info:name, timestamp=1522320801670, value=zhangsan1
1 row(s) in 0.0530 seconds
hbase(main):030:0>