Spring 循環依賴及解決方案

循環依賴

簡單說，如下

@Component
public class CircularDependencyB {
 
    private CircularDependencyA circA;
 
    @Autowired
    public CircularDependencyB(CircularDependencyA circA) {
        this.circA = circA;
    }
}

@Component
public class CircularDependencyA {
 
    private CircularDependencyB circB;
 
    @Autowired
    public CircularDependencyA(CircularDependencyB circB) {
        this.circB = circB;
    }
}

最好的解決方案就是重新思考代碼的結構，重新抽象。
但也有一些解決方案，重點推薦setter方案，如下：

@Component
public class CircularDependencyA {
 
    private CircularDependencyB circB;
 
    @Autowired
    public void setCircB(CircularDependencyB circB) {
        this.circB = circB;
    }
 
    public CircularDependencyB getCircB() {
        return circB;
    }
}

@Component
public class CircularDependencyB {
 
    private CircularDependencyA circA;
 
    private String message = "Hi!";
 
    @Autowired
    public void setCircA(CircularDependencyA circA) {
        this.circA = circA;
    }
 
    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }
}

測試DEMO

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = { TestConfig.class })
public class CircularDependencyTest {
 
    @Autowired
    ApplicationContext context;
 
    @Bean
    public CircularDependencyA getCircularDependencyA() {
        return new CircularDependencyA();
    }
 
    @Bean
    public CircularDependencyB getCircularDependencyB() {
        return new CircularDependencyB();
    }
 
    @Test
    public void givenCircularDependency_whenSetterInjection_thenItWorks() {
        CircularDependencyA circA = context.getBean(CircularDependencyA.class);
 
        Assert.assertEquals("Hi!", circA.getCircB().getMessage());
    }
}

參見：Spring循環依賴及解決方案