K8S結合ELK搭建企業日誌收集平臺

作者：李毓

首先我們要思考一下，K8S中收集日誌與傳統條件下的日誌收集有什麼區別。他一般是收集哪些日誌？確定收集日誌類型之後又是怎麼去收集的？如果日誌還是放到容器內部，會隨着容器刪除而被刪除。容器數量很多，按照傳統的查看日誌方式已變不太現實。K8s本身特性是容器日誌輸出控制檯，本身Docker提供了一種日誌採集能力。如果落地到本地文件，目前還沒有一種好的採集方式。所以新擴容Pod屬性信息（日誌文件路徑，日誌源）可能發生變化

流程和傳統採集是類似的，如下圖。

一般來說，我們用的日誌收集方案有兩種，一種是node上部署日誌的收集程序，比如用daemonset方式部署，對本節點容器下的目錄進行採集。並且把容器內的目錄掛載到宿主機目錄上面。目錄爲對本節點/var/log/kubelet/pods和
/var/lib/docker/containers/兩個目錄下的日誌進行採集。還有一種是Pod中附加專用日誌收集的容器每個運行應用程序的Pod中增加一個日誌收集容器，使用emtyDir共享日誌目錄讓日誌收集程序讀取到。這裏先探討第二種方案。

約定K8S集羣爲三臺
k8s-mater:192.168,.187.137
k8s-node1:192.168,.187.138
k8s-node2:192.168,.187.139

執行以下腳本之前要先創建存儲，這個參考之前的監控文檔。

在master上執行
elasticsearch.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
  name: elasticsearch
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: elasticsearch
spec:
  serviceName: elasticsearch
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: elasticsearch
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: elasticsearch
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: elasticsearch:7.3.2
        name: elasticsearch
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 1
            memory: 2Gi
          requests:
            cpu: 0.5 
            memory: 500Mi
        env:
          - name: "discovery.type"
            value: "single-node"
          - name: ES_JAVA_OPTS
            value: "-Xms512m -Xmx2g" 
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9200
          name: db
          protocol: TCP
        volumeMounts:
        - name: elasticsearch-data
          mountPath: /usr/share/elasticsearch/data
  volumeClaimTemplates:
  - metadata:
      name: elasticsearch-data
    spec:
      storageClassName: "managed-nfs-storage"
      accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
      resources:
        requests:
          storage: 20Gi

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: elasticsearch
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  clusterIP: None
  ports:
  - port: 9200
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: db
  selector:
    k8s-app: elasticsearch

filebeat.yaml

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: filebeat-config
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: filebeat
data:
  filebeat.yml: |-
    filebeat.config:
      inputs:
        # Mounted `filebeat-inputs` configmap:
        path: ${path.config}/inputs.d/*.yml
        # Reload inputs configs as they change:
        reload.enabled: false
      modules:
        path: ${path.config}/modules.d/*.yml
        # Reload module configs as they change:
        reload.enabled: false

    # To enable hints based autodiscover, remove `filebeat.config.inputs` configuration and uncomment this:
    #filebeat.autodiscover:
    #  providers:
    #    - type: kubernetes
    #      hints.enabled: true

    output.elasticsearch:
      hosts: ['${ELASTICSEARCH_HOST:elasticsearch}:${ELASTICSEARCH_PORT:9200}']
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: filebeat-inputs
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: filebeat
data:
  kubernetes.yml: |-
    - type: docker
      containers.ids:
      - "*"
      processors:
        - add_kubernetes_metadata:
            in_cluster: true
---
apiVersion: apps/v1 
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: filebeat
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: filebeat
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: filebeat
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: filebeat
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: filebeat
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      containers:
      - name: filebeat
        image: elastic/filebeat:7.3.2
        args: [
          "-c", "/etc/filebeat.yml",
          "-e",
        ]
        env:
        - name: ELASTICSEARCH_HOST
          value: elasticsearch
        - name: ELASTICSEARCH_PORT
          value: "9200"
        securityContext:
          runAsUser: 0
          # If using Red Hat OpenShift uncomment this:
          #privileged: true
        resources:
          limits:
            memory: 200Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
        volumeMounts:
        - name: config
          mountPath: /etc/filebeat.yml
          readOnly: true
          subPath: filebeat.yml
        - name: inputs
          mountPath: /usr/share/filebeat/inputs.d
          readOnly: true
        - name: data
          mountPath: /usr/share/filebeat/data
        - name: varlibdockercontainers
          mountPath: /var/lib/docker/containers
          readOnly: true
      volumes:
      - name: config
        configMap:
          defaultMode: 0600
          name: filebeat-config
      - name: varlibdockercontainers
        hostPath:
          path: /var/lib/docker/containers
      - name: inputs
        configMap:
          defaultMode: 0600
          name: filebeat-inputs
      # data folder stores a registry of read status for all files, so we don't send everything again on a Filebeat pod restart
      - name: data
        hostPath:
          path: /var/lib/filebeat-data
          type: DirectoryOrCreate
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: filebeat
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: filebeat
  namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: filebeat
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: filebeat
  labels:
    k8s-app: filebeat
rules:
- apiGroups: [""] # "" indicates the core API group
  resources:
  - namespaces
  - pods
  verbs:
  - get
  - watch
  - list
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: filebeat
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: filebeat
---

kibana.yaml

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: kibana
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: kibana
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kibana
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kibana
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: kibana
        image: kibana:7.3.2
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 1
            memory: 500Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 0.5 
            memory: 200Mi
        env:
          - name: ELASTICSEARCH_HOSTS
            value: http://elasticsearch-0.elasticsearch.kube-system:9200
          - name: I18N_LOCALE
            value: zh-CN
        ports:
        - containerPort: 5601
          name: ui
          protocol: TCP

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: kibana
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
  - port: 5601
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: ui
    nodePort: 30601
  selector:
    k8s-app: kibana

新建的時候一直建不上，發現是由於之前實驗環境PV沒有刪除，先將PV刪除。
一般用常規方法難以刪除，可以嘗試強制從數據庫刪除。

kubectl patch pv pvc-4163c9d4-44cb-4c50-aa20-412f388d989e -p '{"metadata":{"finalizers":null}}'

登錄進去之後創建索引

在查看K8S一些pod，命名空間，service的日誌，全都收集到了。

嘗試安裝一個nginx，然後捕捉他的日誌。

kubectl create deployment web --image=nginx
kubectl expose deployment web --port=80 --target-port=80 --name=web --type=NodePort

curl 10.244.2.12

再去查看kinbana

成功獲取日誌
我們再看看K8S組件日誌的收集

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: k8s-logs-filebeat-config
  namespace: kube-system 

data:
  filebeat.yml: |
    filebeat.inputs:
      - type: log
        paths:
          - /var/log/messages  
        fields:
          app: k8s 
          type: module 
        fields_under_root: true

    setup.ilm.enabled: false
    setup.template.name: "k8s-module"
    setup.template.pattern: "k8s-module-*"

    output.elasticsearch:
      hosts: ['elasticsearch.kube-system:9200']
      index: "k8s-module-%{+yyyy.MM.dd}"

---

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet 
metadata:
  name: k8s-logs
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      project: k8s 
      app: filebeat
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        project: k8s
        app: filebeat
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: filebeat
        image: elastic/filebeat:7.3.2
        args: [
          "-c", "/etc/filebeat.yml",
          "-e",
        ]
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
          limits:
            cpu: 500m
            memory: 500Mi
        securityContext:
          runAsUser: 0
        volumeMounts:
        - name: filebeat-config
          mountPath: /etc/filebeat.yml
          subPath: filebeat.yml
        - name: k8s-logs 
          mountPath: /var/log/messages
      volumes:
      - name: k8s-logs
        hostPath: 
          path: /var/log/messages
      - name: filebeat-config
        configMap:
          name: k8s-logs-filebeat-config

組件日誌也可以查看到了。

K8S結合ELK搭建企業日誌收集平臺

作者：李毓

K8S結合ELK搭建企業日誌收集平臺

Mac下配置sublime實現LaTeX

https://yachay.unat.edu.pe/blog/index.php?comment_area=format_blog&comment_component=blog&comment_co

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